1、2020-2021学年人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit 3 语法讲练语法聚焦 could的用法情态动词could可用于礼貌地向对方提出请求或请求对方的许可,用于疑问句中,可替代can,在时间上与can没有区别,但语气要比can委婉、有礼貌。1. Could用于提出要求或者请求其答语没有固定的形式,但要符合上下文的语境。委婉地表示请求别人做某事。 Could you please make your bed?请你整理一下你的床铺好吗? Yes, sure. 好的,当然可以。 Could you please open all the doors? 请把所有的门都打开好吗? Sorry, I ca
2、nt. Im very busy now. 很抱歉,我不能。我现在非常忙。2. 委婉地表示请求别人允许自己做某事。 Could I sit here? 我可以坐这儿吗? Yes, you can. 是的,你可以。 Could I borrow your pen,please? 我能借用下你的钢笔吗? Sorry, you cant. Im going to work on it. 抱歉,你不能。我要用它去工作。注意:(1)Could you please do sth.? 和Could I do sth.? 这两个句型的答语中一般都避免使用could。(2) 句中could都可换成can。co
3、uld的其他用法: could为can的过去式,表示能力。例如:Tom could ran at the age of 3. 汤姆在他三岁时就会跑了。 表示惊讶、怀疑、不相信等态度,主要用于否定句或疑问句,此时could与can无时间上的区别,但语气比can要弱。例如:This young man couldnt / cant be over 30. 这个年轻人不可能超过30岁。 表示可能性,指对将来、现在或过去某种可能的推测。例如:The door is open.She could have come back.门是开着的。她可能回来过。 表示建议。例如:You could get you
4、r brother a story book as his birthday present.你可以给你的弟弟买本故事书作为他的生日礼物。 用于虚拟语气句。例如:How I wish I could go with you! 我多么希望能和你一起去啊!情态动词could的用法记忆口诀:表示请求与允许,could委婉又客气;表示能力会不会,could只用在过去;表示怀疑不相信,could缓和语气弱;推测可能与建议,虚拟语气也常用。【语法专练】1. (2019 天水) Could you tell me how to pay for the food by QR code (二维码) on the
5、 phone? _.A. Take it easy B. It doesnt matter C. With pleasure D. Youre welcome2. (2019 昆明) Gina, could you please play the drum on the art festival? _. I can only play the guitar.A. Im afraid I cant. B. Yes, I can. C. Sure, Id love to D. Not bad3. (2019 滨州) Mum, its too hot. _ I swim in the lake? N
6、o, you _. Thats too dangerous!A. Should; cant B. Need; mustnt C. must; neednt D. Could; mustnt 4. David, _ you please sweep the floor and take out the trash? OK, Mum.A. could B. may C. should D. must5. LiMing _ speak two languages when he was eight years old. A. may B. can C. cant D. could6. Could I borrow your camera? _, but please give it back by Saturday.A. I am sorry B. Of course C. Certainly not D. No, thanks7. Sir , could you please put out your cigarette? This is a smoke-free(无烟的)school. _A. Im sorry about this. B. No problem.C. Sure, Id love to D. Never mind.