1、虚拟语气虚拟语气一、什么是虚拟语气？虚拟语气表示所叙述的不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、建议、猜测或使语气婉转。二、虚拟语气的应用1、虚拟语气在条件从句中的应用1）与现在事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：If I were you,I would go there.过去时过去时would,should,could,might+动词原形动词原形注意：在虚拟语气中，只能用注意：在虚拟语气中，只能用were，不能用，不能用was.1)If he _ to do so,he could find the time.A.wants B.wanted C.would want D.has wanted3)If I
2、 _ a bird,I _ singing and dancing.B.were,would be B.am,shall be C.am,would be D.were,shall beBA2）与将来事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：1)If it were Sunday tomorrow,I should go to see a film.2)If he should have time next Sunday,he would go to visit the Great Wall.3)If I were to be twenty next year,I could take the course
3、.1）过去时）过去时would,should,could,might+动词原形动词原形2）should+动词原形动词原形3)were to+动词原形动词原形1)If he _ in a day or two,I would wait for him.A.returns B.should have returned C.were to return D.had returned2)I dont think he will attend the party.But if he _ the party,what would he wear?A.should attend B.would attend
4、 C.attend D.had attendedCA3)与过去事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：If he had come earlier,he would have seen her.had+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词would,should,could,might+have+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词1)If you _ the doctors advice,you would have recovered already.A.followed B.would follow C.follow D.had followed2)I didnt know Smith was coming unt
5、il now.If you had let me know yesterday,I _ to the airport to meet him.A.would have gone B.would go C.will have gone D.will goDA3)What _ last night if you _ to do your washing?A.would you do,hadnt had B.would you have done,hadnt had C.would you do,didnt have D.would you have done,didnt have4)If I ha
6、d hurried,the train _.A.would catch B.would have caught C.had caught D.would have been caughtBDHad I had time,I would have gone to see the film.=If I had had time,I would have gone to see the film.4）在虚拟语气的条件从句中，可以省略）在虚拟语气的条件从句中，可以省略if，但要，但要把把should,had,were提前。提前。_ today,he would get there on Friday.
7、A.Was he leaving B.If he leavesC.Were he to leave D.If he is leavingCIf it is fine tomorrow,we will go to the park.注意：If引导的条件从句，不是全部都用虚拟语气。如果从句的事实有可能发生，那么，它的主句和从句的谓语动词的形式是：主为将，从为现主为将，从为现。5）有时虚拟语气的条件从句不用有时虚拟语气的条件从句不用if引导，而用引导，而用but for,without,if only,otherwise等词。等词。1)But for your help,I couldnt have
8、 made such great progress in English.2)Without air,we couldnt live.3)If only the weather were fine.4)I had been there by taxi,otherwise I would have missed the train.以以but for,without开头的句子，谓语动词的形式开头的句子，谓语动词的形式和和if的主句的一致。的主句的一致。主、从句的谓语动词的形式都和主、从句的谓语动词的形式都和if从句相一致。从句相一致。以以If only开头的句子，谓语动词的形式和开头的句子，谓语
9、动词的形式和if从句的从句的一致。一致。1)_ their assistance,he would have to lead a very miserable life,he might even starve to death.A.With B.But for C.Without for D.If not2)He did his best in everything,_ he would not have been what he was.A.and B.but C.otherwise D.but thatBC6)有时虚拟条件从句与主句的时间不一致，出现混合虚拟混合虚拟语气结构。1)If h
10、e had followed the doctors advice,he would be well.2)If I were you I would not have gone to see the film yesterday.在混合虚拟语气结构中，从句表示的动作与主句在混合虚拟语气结构中，从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作的时间不一致，这时主、从句谓语动表示的动作的时间不一致，这时主、从句谓语动词的形式要根据它们发生的时间进行调整。词的形式要根据它们发生的时间进行调整。1)If I had studied English last year,I _ able to speak it now.A
11、.could be B.could have been C.should be D.would have been2)If you _ with George yesterday morning,you would not be so angry now.A.talked B.had talked C.could talk D.were to talkDB1)I wish I were a doctor.2)I wish I would go abroad next year.3)I wish I had seen the football match.与与现在现在事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词
12、用事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时过去时。与与将来将来事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用should,would,could,might+动词原形动词原形。与与过去过去事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完过去完成时成时。7.wish+宾语从句1)Did you see Rose before she went to England?-No.I wish I _ her.A.see B.saw C.had seen D.should see2)Joe has three sisters,doesnt he?-No wonder he w
13、ishes he _ a brother.A.had B.will have C.have D.can have3)Maybe Paula will bring us good news about out tests.-I wish she _.A.does B.brings it C.will D.wouldCADIt is(high)time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用式或用should加动词原形，但加动词原形，但should不可省略。不可省略。It is time that the children went to bed.It is high
14、 time that the children should go to bed.It is high time that_.该是我们吃午饭的时候了。该是我们吃午饭的时候了。It is time that_.该是他作出决定的时候了。该是他作出决定的时候了。8.It is(high)time that we had our lunchhe made up his mind I would rather you finished the work today.I would rather you finished the work tomorrow.Id rather you had finished the work yesterday.在在would rather句型中，与句型中，与过去过去事实相反，从句事实相反，从句的谓语动词用的谓语动词用过去完成时过去完成时；与；与现在、将来现在、将来事实相事实相反，从句的谓语动词用反，从句的谓语动词用过去时过去时。9.would rather后的宾语从句
