1、高中英语语法填空试题(有答案和解析)一、高中英语语法填空1阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It seems to be something in our blood _ makes human beings want to conquer (征服) things by climbing them, no matter whether its Qomolangma - the _ (high) peak on Earth -_ Uluru, a big rock that sits 348 meters above the ground in the c
2、entral Australian desert. Many _ (visit) to Uluru climb the rock even though theres no road to it, except for a chain-and-pole path thats been hammered into the rock by early explorers. Theres even a sign at the bottom of the rock _ (write) in seven languages, reading: Please dont climb. For starter
3、s, the rock has spiritual significance for the local Aboriginal people, and _(set) foot on it is considered disrespectful. Other concerns include some people leaving litter on top of the rock, and some even urinate (撒尿)on it since theres no toilet up there. When it rains, the human waste is washed d
4、own onto the rock, which can be _ (harm) to the environment. Also, according to ABC News, 35 people _ (die) so far trying to climb it. This is _ the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru _ (ban), starting from Oct 26, 2019.【答案】 that;highest;or;visitors;written;settin
5、g /to set;harmful;have died;why;will be banned 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,人们很喜欢到澳大利亚中部沙漠去攀登Uluru,这一做法带来了一系列问题,当地政府决定禁止人们攀登这块巨石。 (1)考查定语从句。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。本题定语从句的先行词是不定代词something,使用关系代词that来指代先行词,引导定语从句并在句中作主语。所以填that。 (2)考查形容词。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。无论它是世界最高峰-珠穆朗玛峰,还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上3
6、48米的巨大岩石Uluru。根据常识可知珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰,应该使用形容词最高级作定语。所以填highest。 (3)考查连词。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事物。无论它是珠穆朗玛峰世界最高峰,还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上348米的巨大岩石Uluru。句中使用whetheror固定短语,无论.还是.,连接上下文。所以填or。 (4)考查名词。句意:尽管没有路,但很多游客还是会前往Uluru去攀登这块巨石。所填词在句中充当主语,而且表示人,所以要用visit表示人的名词形式visitor在句中做主语,而形容词many说明应该使用可数名词复数形式,故填visi
7、tors。 (5)考查非谓语动词。句意:在巨石的底部用七种语言写着一块牌子:请勿攀登。名词短语a sign与动词write构成被动关系,要用过去分词短语作定语,其作用相当于定语从句。所以填written。 (6)考查非谓语动词。句意:踏上这块岩石被认为是无礼的。本句中可以使用动名词短语做主语表示经常性习惯性的动作,也可以使用不定式短语做主语表示一次性的动作。所以填setting/to set。 (7)考查形容词。句意:下雨的时候,垃圾废物被冲下岩石,这对环境是有害的。句中应该使用harm的形容词形式与系动词构成系表结构,所以填harmful。 (8)考查时态。句意:根据ABC,到目前为止在攀登
8、巨石时候,已经有35人死亡。句中时间状语so far意为到目前为止,通常与现在完成时连用,本句主语是复数名词,所以填have died。 (9)考查表语从句。句意:这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019年10月26日开始禁止攀登Uluru。句中表语从句缺少连词,且该表语从句表示最后的结果,why引导表语从句表示最后的结果。所以填why。 (10)考查时态语态。句意:这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019年10月26日开始禁止攀登Uluru。本句主语climbing Uluru与动词ban构成被动关系,且表示将来的事情,要用一般将来时的被动语态。所以填will
9、 be banned。 【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句,形容词,连词,名词,非谓语动词,时态,表语从句,时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。2阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists say crocodiles have outlived dinosaurs _some 65 million years. One reason why they are such good _ (survive) is that they
10、can go for a very long time without eating. And they are expert hunters,_(use) their strong jaws to bite their prey(猎物) and then swallow it whole. When they lose a tooth they grow one right back. A crocodile can go through 8,000 _(tooth) in one lifetime! What does the expression crocodile tears mean
11、? Simply put, crocodile tears are fake sadness. You pretend _(cry) and feel bad for something when in fact you could not care _(little). A great word to describe it is insincere. The phrase crocodile tears comes from an old myth that crocodiles would shed tears while eating their prey. A religious w
12、orker wrote that _ a crocodile found a man by the water, it would kill him if it could. Then the crocodile would cry tears on the man, but then finally swallow _(he). Another myth suggests _crocodile is very clever indeed. Crocodiles, the story goes, would cry tears as a false show of guilt or sadne
13、ss to trick their prey. The prey would come closer and then become dinner. Scientists explain that crocodiles DO create tears, but they do not cry. The tears help to clean their eyes. Crying is purely emotional and it _ (reserve) for us humans.【答案】 by;survivors;using;teeth;to cry;less;if/when/once;h
14、im;the;is reserved 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,解释了短语“鳄鱼的眼泪”的含义,它表示虚假的悲伤。科学家解释说,鳄鱼的确会流泪,但它们不会哭。眼泪有助于清洁他们的眼睛。哭纯粹是感情用事,是人类的天性。 (1)考查介词。句意:科学家说,鳄鱼比恐龙寿命长约6500万年。outlive by固定短语,“比寿命长”,故填by。 (2)考查名词。句意:它们是如此优秀的幸存者的一个原因是它们可以长时间不吃东西。根据上文good为形容词修饰名词可知应填名词survivor“幸存者”,且主语they are可知应填复数形式,故填survivors。 (3)考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是专
15、业的捕猎者,用它们强有力的下颚来咬它们的猎物,然后把它整个吞下去。本句中use做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语they构成主动关系用现在分词,故填using。 (4)考查名词。句意:一条鳄鱼一生能咬掉8000颗牙!tooth为可数名词,由8000修饰应用复数形式,故填teeth。 (5)考查非谓语动词。句意:你假装哭泣,为某事感到难过,而实际上你根本不在乎。pretend to do sth.固定短语“假装做某事”,故填to cry。 (6)考查形容词。句意:你假装哭泣,为某事感到难过,而实际上你根本不在乎。根据上文”you could not“可知为“否定词+形容词比较级”表示最高级结构,故填les
16、s。 (7)考查连词。句意:如果/当/一旦一条鳄鱼在水边发现了一个人,它会杀死他。本句可理解为条件状语从句,表示“如果”,可填if;也可理解为时间状语从句,表示“当时候”或“一旦”,可填when或once,故填if/when/once。 (8)考查代词。句意:然后鳄鱼会对着他哭,最后把他吞下去。做动词swallow的宾语应用人称代词的宾格形式,故填him。 (9)考查冠词。句意:另一个传说表明鳄鱼确实很聪明。此处表示特指“鳄鱼”这个物种,应用定冠词,故填the。 (10)考查时态语态。句意:哭纯粹是感情用事,是人类的天性。本句中it指代上文crying,且与谓语动词构成被动关系,且描述客观事实
17、用一般现在时,主语为it,故填is reserved。 【点评】本题考点涉及介词,名词,非谓语动词,形容词,连词,代词,冠词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科普类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。3阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或摘号内单词的正确形式。 Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class_March 1st on movable type. This is_ancient Chinese pr
18、inting system. The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province introduced the course at the beginning of this new term. So far, the school_(invite) an expert in Chinese characters culture to the campus,_major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. Students
19、attend lectures on the history of movable type along with _(interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, _(apply) the knowledge theyve learned. One student printed her_(new) written essay Whether the traditional red envelopes kids receive belong to them or their
20、 parents?_(know) as one of the four great inventions of ancient China, movable type printing _(invent) by Bi Sheng in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty, and it is the worlds first system of movable type printing. The school said the course is aimed at improving the students awareness of Chinese char
21、acters and their _(appreciate) of Chinese culture.【答案】 on;an;has invited;whose;interesting;applying;newly;Known;was invented;appreciation 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,3月1日,杭州一所小学的学生上了他们的第一节活字课的情况。该校表示,这门课程旨在提高学生的汉字意识和对中国文化的欣赏。 (1)考查介词。句意:3月1日,杭州一所小学的学生上了他们的第一节活字课。根据下文March 1st可知在具体的某一天应用介词on,故填on。 (2)考查冠词。句意:这
22、是一个古老的中国印刷系统。system为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且ancient为元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an,填an。 (3)考查时态。句意:到目前为止,学校已经邀请了一位汉字文化专家,他的主要职责是教学生如何使用古代的印刷技术。根据上文So far可知应用现在完成时,且主语为单数名词,故填has invited。 (4)考查定语从句。句意:到目前为止,学校已经邀请了一位汉字文化专家,他的主要职责是教学生如何使用古代的印刷技术。本句为定语从句修饰先行词an expert,且先行词在从句中做定语,故填关系代词whose。 (5)考查形容词。句意:学生们参加有关活字历史的讲座,以及有关排字和印
23、刷的有趣课程。classes为名词,指物需要-ing结尾形容词修饰,故填interesting。 (6)考查非谓语动词。句意:然后他们将所学的知识打印成自己的文档。apply做非谓语动词与逻辑主语they构成主动关系,故用现在分词,填applying。 (7)考查副词。句意:一名学生打印了她新写的论文孩子们收到的传统红包是自己的还是父母的?。修饰形容词written应用副词,故填newly。 (8)考查非谓语动词。句意: 活字印刷术被称为中国古代四大发明之一,活字印刷术是毕升在10世纪40年代宋朝时发明的,是世界上最早的活字印刷系统。本句中know做非谓语动词与逻辑主语movable type
24、 printing构成被动,故用过去分词,填Known。 (9)考查时态语态。句意: 活字印刷术被称为中国古代四大发明之一,活字印刷术是毕升在10世纪40年代宋朝时发明的,是世界上最早的活字印刷系统。本句主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据下文in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty可知应用一般过去时,故填was invented。 (10)考查名词。句意:该校表示,这门课程旨在提高学生的汉字意识和对中国文化的欣赏。根据上文their为形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填appreciation。 【点评】本题考点涉及介词,冠词,时态,定语从句,形容词,非谓语动词,副词
25、,语态以及名词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇新闻报道,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。4阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mochi (年糕) is a traditional food popular in Chinese and Japanese cooking, made from _ (special) treated rice. It is often presented in the form of a round cake, and is traditionally
26、exchanged at the New Year.Mochi is made by _ (put) sticky rice into water overnight, cooking it and pounding it into a sticky paste. The paste is made into shapes ranging from simple to complex rounds, some of _ are stuffed with sweet fillings. Mochi is often decorated with _ (flower) or fruits, esp
27、ecially when it is exchanged as _ gift at celebrations like birthdays and the New Year. Traditionally, wooden mortars (臼) and pestles (杵) _ (use) to pound mochi rice. Fresh mochi is usually cooked and served warm _ a variety of sauces. Steaming and boiling are both popular preparations in Japan, alo
28、ng with cooking. Fresh mochi is soft but it_ (hard) quickly. Prepacked mochi blocks, flattened and cut into square pieces or shaped into rounds, are available at grocery stores. Mochi can go bad easily, so its _ (good) to cook soon than to keep it in your fridge. Hard mochi pieces can be cooked, dee
29、p-fried, boiled, and more. Cooked mochi is very sticky, so be careful not _ (choke) on it.【答案】 specially;putting;which;flowers;a;are used;with;hardens;better;to choke 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国和日本受欢迎的传统食物年糕。 (1)考查副词。句意:年糕是一种在中国和日本很流行的传统食物,由经过特殊处理的大米制成。此处要用副词修饰形容词treated,故填specially。 (2)考查非谓语动词。句意:年糕是将糯米
30、放入水中过夜。by是介词,意为“通过”后接doing形式,故填putting。 (3)考查定语从句。句意:这种糊状物的形状从简单的圆形到复杂的圆形,有些是甜馅的。此处是定语从句,指代上文的paste,从句中做介词宾语,用关系代词which,故填which。 (4)考查名词。句意:年糕通常用鲜花或水果装饰。根据or fruits,可知此处用名词复数,故填flowers 。 (5)考查冠词。句意:尤其是在生日和新年等庆祝活动中作为礼物交换时。根据as _5_ gift,gift“礼物”,可数名词,故填a。 (6)考查时态语态。句意:传统上,木臼和杵是用来捣糯米的。主语是wooden mortars
31、 and pestles,谓语动词用复数形式的被动语态,又因为时态是一般现在时,故填are used。 (7)考查介词。句意:新鲜的年糕通常是煮熟的,并与各种酱料一起热着吃。介词with表示“与一起”,根据句意,故填with。 (8)考查时态。句意:新鲜的年糕很软,但会很快变硬。主语是it,是第三人称单数,指Fresh mochi,时态是一般现在时,故填hardens。 (9)考查形容词。句意:年糕很容易变坏,所以与其把它存放在冰箱里,不如现煮现吃。根据than可知此处形容词的比较级,故填better。 (10)考查非谓语动词。句意:煮熟的年糕很黏,所以要小心别噎着了。be careful t
32、o do sth.固定短语,“小心做某事”,可知此处用动词不定式,故填to choke。 【点评】本题考点涉及副词,非谓语动词,定语从句,名词,冠词,时态语态,介词,形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。5阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Ne Zha, Chinas animated blockbuster hit of the summer, is ready _(hit) North Am
33、erican theaters later this month. Well Go USA Entertainment, _distribution company specializing in bringing top Asian film titles to US cinemas, will release the film in select 3D IMAX theaters across North America on Aug 29, _(follow) by a nationwide expansion on Sept 6. Written and directed by fir
34、st-time feature filmmaker Yang Yu, also known _Jiaozi, the film _(tell) of Ne Zha, a boy born as a social outcast (弃儿)because of a divine prophecy(神的预言) _he would destroy the world. He tries to change his predetermined fate and peoples views of him by choosing good over evil and _(become) their true
35、 hero. Built on a successful_(adapt) of Chinese folk tale and excellent word-of-mouth, the film - the first Chinese animated film is proving to have long legs at the box office._a total box office of 4.1 billion yuan ($582 million) and counting, Ne Zha is the best-received animated feature ever in C
36、hina, and the fourth_(large) theatrical release in the countrys box office history.【答案】 to hit;a;followed;as;tells;that;becoming;adaptation;With;largest 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,在中国大热的动画电影哪吒本月即将在北美上映。 (1)考查非谓语动词。be ready to do固定短语,准备好做某事,故空格处要用不定式,填to hit。 (2)考查冠词。空格处修饰可数名词company, company在句中是单数形式,所以这里要用一个
37、冠词修饰。根据语境,这里是泛指一家分销公司,要用不定冠词,company为辅音开头,故填a。 (3)考查非谓语动词。句意:美国电影发行公司Well Go USA Entertainment将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片,9月6日将在全国范围内进行扩张。分析可知本句的谓语动词为release, follow在句中为非谓语动词。根据句意, follow和逻辑主语将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片这件事之间是被动关系,要用其过去分词形式,故填followed。 (4)考查介词。be known as固定短语,作为.出名,故填as。 (5)考查主谓一致和时态。tel
38、l在句中做谓语,主语Yang Yu是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。全文为一般现在时。故填tells。 (6)考查同位语从句。空格处后的he would destroy the world是一个完整的句子,要用一个连词连接这个句子。分析可知空格处引导的是同位语从句,从句中不缺任何成分,应该用that引导,故填that。 (7)考查非谓语动词。所给词become为动词,分析可知空格处做介词by的宾语,应该用所给词的动名词形式,故填becoming。 (8)考查名词。空格处由不定冠词a修饰,应该填一个名词。故填adaptation。 (9)考查介词。句意:哪吒的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而
39、且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,这里要表示的是哪吒这部电影有41亿元的票房,介词with意为有,拥有.符合句意,故填With。 (10)考查形容词。句意:哪吒的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,哪吒这部电影是中国票房历史上第四大的,这里要使用the+序数词+形容词的最高级+of的结构,表示第几最.,故填largest。 【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,介词,主谓一致,时态,同位语从句,名词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇新闻
40、报道,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。6阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Boat Building is a long-winded and time-consuming business, even when _ is going down the slipway is a small craft _(make) from modern materials such as fibreglass. Construct a mould(模具). Build up lay
41、ers of resin(树脂) and glass fibre inside that mould. Extract the completed structure and finish it. All told, it can take months. That, _, may soon change. For researchers at the University of Maine are now in _process of testing an 8-metre (25-foot) patrol boat that took just 72 hours to make from s
42、cratch. Their trick was to build the boat _(use) a giant 3D printer. Since they appeared in _(commerce) form in the 1990s, generally 3D printers _ (employ) in factories to make small things like components of jet-engines and dental crowns(牙冠). Now, a new generation of outsize printers is arriving. T
43、hese are capable _turning out much bigger objects than previously possible, and printing them faster. To print the patrol boat, part of an American army project, the team in Maine linked up with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in Tennessee, which helped _ (develop) the printing process, and Ingersoll
44、 Machine Tools, in Illinois, which built the printer itself. The university estimates that for boat building, a common trade in the state, large 3D printers of this sort will _(dramatic) cut the cost and time required to produce new ships.【答案】 what;made;though/however;the;using;commercial;have been
45、employed;of;develop / to develop;dramatically 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了大型3D打印机可用来制造船舶。 (1)考查主语从句。句意:造船是一个漫长而枯燥的过程,即使最终从造船台上滑下来的只是一艘用玻璃纤维等现代材料制造的小船,而非用木板钉成的传统船只。_ is going down the slipway是when引导的时间状语从句中的主语从句,主语从句缺少主语,在此表示的事物,故填what。 (2)考查非谓语动词。此处表示用玻璃纤维等现代材料制造的小船。_(make) from modern materials such as fib
46、reglass用来修饰craft,作定语,craft与make是被动关系,所以用过去分词,故填made。 (3)考查副词。句意:不过,现状可能马上会发生改变。根据前后文语境可知此处表示之前制作大约需要好几月的实践,而这一切随着3D打印的使用可能要发生改变。所以表示转折关系,故填however/though。 (4)考查冠词。句意:缅因大学的研究者正在测试一条 8 米长的巡逻艇,它的建造过程只花了 72 小时。in the process of固定短语,“在.过程中”,故填the。 (5)考查非谓语动词。句意:他们的秘密武器,是使用一台大型的 3D 打印机来造船。分析句子结构可知此句有谓语动词w
47、as,所以use 要使用非谓语,再根据their trick可知使用者是人,所以人与use是主动关系,所以用现在分词,故填using。 (6)考查形容词。句意:自从他们在20世纪90年代以商业形式出现以来,他们一直被用于工厂制作小的飞机零部件和牙冠。此处修饰form名词,要用形容词,故填commercial。 (7)考查时态语态。根据时间状语since,可知主句用现在完成时,再根据3D打印机与employ之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,再根据主谓一致。可知填用have been employed。 (8)考查固定短语。句意:这些打印机能够制造出比以前更大的物体,并且打印速度更快。be capable of固定短语,“能够”,故填of。 (9)考查非谓语动词。help to do/ help do固定短