1、高二英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Regardless of how far wed like to believe gender(性别) equality in the workplace has come, theres still a yawning gap between male and female leaders in the professional world. A 2018 statistic shows that women nowadays hold just 5.8 percent of CEOs positions at S&
2、P 500 companies, according to Catalyst. While its not a huge shock that women are somewhat underrepresented in leadership positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegia
3、n Business School. In their research，Professor yvind L. Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed (调查)2,900 managers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored higher than men in four of the five major leadership-centric categories. While some people believe tha
4、t men inherently make better leaders probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability t
5、o communicate clearly. There was one area in which men scored higher than women, though, and that was on emotional stability and ability to face job-related pressure and stress. The results suggest that women are more sensitive to the effects of high-pressure or highly emotional situations. Obviousl
6、y，its important to consider individual(个人的) differences. Anyone, regardless of gender, may be an inspiring leader and a competent boss. But next time youre hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes(简历) from female candidates a harder look.（1）What makes us shocked much
7、 at leadership positions? A.Women are worse than men.B.Men take almost all high positions.C.There is a huge gap between genders.D.Women might behave better in every field.（2）Which of the following can best replace the underlined word inherently” in paragraph 4? A.properlyB.potentiallyC.naturallyD.no
8、rmally（3）Which of the following may be the best title of this text? A.How We Can Figure Out The Boss.B.Why Women Are Better Than Men.C.Why Women Make The Best Bosses.D.How We Can Tell Gender Difference.（4）Who might have special interest in this article? A.Job hunters.B.Employers.C.Employees.D.Male b
9、osses.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在工作领域男性领导人和女性领导人地位存在不平等现象，作者指出在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表现更好，倡议雇主在招聘领导岗位员工时应多考虑女性。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegi
10、an Business School.”可知让人惊讶的是，在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表现更好。故选D。(2)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women”可知人们认为男性自然能成为更好的领导者，划线词是自然地。故选C。(3)考查主旨大意。根据第四段中的“this pie
11、ce of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.”可知本文强调了女性在管理层的地位，因此“为什么女性是最好的老板”符合题意。故选C。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But next time youre hiring for a management position, you just mig
12、ht want to give the resumes(简历) from female candidates a harder look.”下次你雇佣管理岗位员工时，得知雇主们会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Whether you are a national or an international student, we welcome you to Middletown Univer
13、sity. Our reputation is built on providing high-quality education in both academic and vocational (职业的) subjects. As well as priding ourselves on our traditional face-to-face learning, we have recently introduced a range of distance-learning courses. What do they cost? Costs for our coursers vary co
14、nsiderably. Click on each departments homepage for more information. Scholarships and bursaries an available for certain courses, particularly for those in the sciences and education. SAMPLE COURSE OVERVIEW BA in English Language and Literature The main purpose of this course is to develop your abil
15、ity to describe, analyze and manipulate features of the English language, and to see how these are expressed in literature. As well as taking core modules which cover these areas, students will be able to specialize in their fields of interest. Duration: three-year course Course: Choose 12 out of 20
16、 modules. Weekly timetable: eight hours of lectures/four hours of seminars Assessment: essays, exams and an 8,000-word dissertation at the end of the third year Requirements: academic experience and interest in the subject; good school-exam grades Diploma in teaching In the first term, you will lear
17、n about the theory of teaching and how to be an effective teacher. In the second term, you will also begin teaching in a school. The third term is completely practical. Duration: one-year course Course: Choose six out of ten modules (three are compulsory). Weekly timetable: six hours of lectures/ tw
18、o hours of seminars/ six hours of classroom teaching Assessment: combination of essays and classroom observation Requirement: first degree in specific subject area（1）What is Middletown University famous for? A.Academic and vocational education.B.Traditional teaching methods.C.Distance-learning cours
19、es.D.Face-to-face communication.（2）What do the two sample courses have in common? A.They both last for three years.B.They both require students to hand in essays.C.They both offer total freedom to choose modules.D.They both favor students with interest in the subject.（3）What is the main purpose of t
20、he text? A.To advertise certain online courses.B.To stress the need for distance learning.C.To introduce distance-learning techniques.D.To suggest a way of pursuing further education.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，一所大学就该校最近开设的在线课程就行了简单的介绍，包括课程目的，时长，评价，要求等。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Our reputation is bui
21、lt on providing high-quality education in both academic and vocational (职业的) subjects.“可知，这所大学因为在学术和职业课程上提供高质量的教学而获得名誉，即它以高质量的学术和职业教学而出名。故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据BA in English Language and Literature部分中的”Assessment: essays, exams and an 8,000-word dissertation at the end of the third year“和Diploma in teachi
22、ng 部分中的”Assessment: combination of essays and classroom observation“可知这两门课程的共同点是都需要提交文章。故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”As well as priding ourselves on our traditional face-to-face learning, we have recently introduced a range of distance-learning courses.“我们在提供传功课程的同时也提供了大量的在线课程，以及下文所叙述的两种课程的课程内容，时长，评价和要求等，
23、可推测本文的主要目的是为一些在线课程打广告。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Dogs love to get out and stretch their legs, which not only helps to keep them in shape, but enables them to keep the extra pounds off. Pet hiking has been popular recently, getting dogs off the s
24、idewalk. Three years ago, Denver resident Brittany Redding was stressed out, working 60 hours a week while studying in graduate school full-time. The only thing that helped was taking her four dogs hiking. Thats when it hit me that I should do that as a job. she says. After graduating in June 2016,
25、she founded Take a Hike. Her company, like a number of others around the country, takes dogs to explore beyond the neighborhood. Before taking on the tracks, Brittany meets with each dog and his or her owner to get a sense of the pets character. Then she schedules a meet-and-greet with other dogs th
26、at will join the hike to be sure to match their personalities. Each hiking is about two hours long and includes transportation to and from the track for around $70 per outing. Hiking allows dogs lo meet new friends and explore new tracks, smells, and wildlife, she explains. Michael Mizenko thinks se
27、nding his pet, Ajax, on weekly hikes with Take a Hike has made Ajax a happier dog. Over the past two years, hiking has taught Ajax how to stay off pavement, be more social and remain calm in the car. It has made him a flexible easygoing guy. Michael says.（1）Why has pet hiking been popular in these d
28、ays? A.Dogs strongly desire their owners to go hiking.B.Animal health specialists recommend people to do it.C.It is beneficial for pets shape and health.D.The owners house is not big enough for dogs.（2）What is the second paragraph mainly talking about? A.Why Brittany founded Take a Hike.B.How hard t
29、he study life of Brittany was.C.Take a Hike is very popular in the neighborhood.D.Dog hiking has brought great enjoyment to Brittany.（3）What does Brittany want to make sure before taking her customers dogs to go hiking? A.The distance of the track.B.The character of each dog.C.The environment of the
30、 track.D.The emotions of both dogs and their owners.（4）How often does Michael Mizenko send his pet to hike with Take a Hike? A.Every day.B.Once a week.C.Twice a week.D.Every other week.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，宠物徒步旅行变得很流行，这对宠物的身形和健康有好处。丹佛居民Brittany Redding创立了Take a Hike公司，专门负责带着宠物狗去徒步
31、旅行。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Dogs love to get out and stretch their legs, which not only helps to keep them in shape, but enables them to keep the extra pounds off. Pet hiking has been popular recently, getting dogs off the sidewalk.”狗喜欢到外面伸展腿部，这不仅有助于保持体形，还可以减少多余的体重。因此带宠物徒步旅行变得很流行的原因在于它对宠物的身形和健康有好处。故选C。 （2
32、）考查段落大意。根据第二段“Three years ago, Denver resident Brittany Redding was stressed out, working 60 hours a week while studying in graduate school full-time. The only thing that helped was taking her four dogs hiking. Thats when it hit me that I should do that as a job. she ways. After graduating in June 2
33、016, she founded Take a Hike. Her company, like a number of others around the country, takes dogs to explore beyond the neighborhood.”可知，三年前丹佛居民Brittany Redding在全日制研究生院学习的同时每周还要工作60个小时，这使她感到压力重重。只有一件事能够让她感到放松：带她的四只狗徒步旅行。就在那时她想到她应该把带狗徒步旅行当作自己的工作。于是 2016年6月毕业后，她创立了Take a Hike公司。因此第二段主要谈论的是Brittany Red
34、ding创立Take a Hike公司的原因。故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Before taking on the tracks, Brittany meets with each dog and his or her owner to get a sense of the pets character.”可知，在开始徒步旅行之前，Brittany与每只狗及其主人见面以了解宠物的性格。即Brittany要在带上顾客的狗去远足之前了解每只狗的性格。故选B。 （4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Michael Mizenko thinks sending his pet, Aj
35、ax, on weekly hikes with Take a Hike has made Ajax a happier dog.”可知，Michael Mizenko认为，每周一次的徒步旅行使他的宠物Ajax变得更快乐。因此Michael Mizenko每周将宠物送到Take a Hike公司参加一次徒步旅行。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A large
36、body of research has been developed in recent years to explain many aspects of willpower. Most of the researchers exploring self-control do so with an obvious goal in mind: How can willpower be strengthened? If willpower is truly a limited resource, as the research suggests, what can be done to make
37、 it stay strong? Avoiding temptation (诱惑) is an effective method for maintaining self-control, which is called the out of sight, out of mind principle. One recent study, for instance, found office workers less attracted to candy in the desk drawer than that on top of their desks, in plain sight. The
38、 research suggesting that we possess a limited reservoir of self-control raises a troubling question. When we face too many temptations, are we to fail? Not necessarily. Researchers dont believe that ones willpower is ever completely exhausted. Rather, people appear to hold some willpower in reserve
39、, saved for future demands. The right motivation allows us to tap into those reserves, allowing us to carry on even when our self-control strength has been run down. High motivation might help overcome weakened willpower-at least to a point. Willpower may also be made less vulnerable (脆弱) to being e
40、xhausted in the first place. Researchers who study self-control often describe it as being like a muscle that gets tired with heavy use. But there is another aspect to the muscle comparison, they say. While muscles become exhausted by exercise in the short term, they are strengthened by regular exer
41、cise in the long term. Similarly, regular practices of self-control may improve willpower strength. The evidence from willpower-exhaustion studies also suggests that making a list of resolutions on New Years Eve is the worst possible approach. Being exhausted in one area can reduce willpower in othe
42、r areas, so it makes more sense to focus on a single goal at a time. In other words, dont try to quit smoking, adopt a healthy diet and start a new exercise plan at the same time. Taking goals one by one is a better approach. Once a good habit is in place, Baumeister says, youll no longer need to dr
43、aw on your willpower to maintain the behavior. Eventually healthy habits will become routine, and wont require making decisions at all.（1）From the studies in the passage we learn that _. A.people have unlimited self-controlB.high motivation ensures ones successC.willpower is hardly completely exhaus
44、tedD.too many temptations often lead to failure（2）The underlined phrase tap into in Paragraph 3 most probably means _. A.make use ofB.run out ofC.buildD.increase（3）The author compares selfcontrol to muscles _. A.to prove the long-term effect of willpowerB.to show the significance of regular exercise
45、C.to argue that self-control can he easily used upD.to explain the benefits of practicing self-control（4）To develop a good habit, which of the following does the author prefer? A.I will give up dessert and do exercise.B.I will set three goals this new semester.C.I will read an English novel every mo
46、nth.D.I will keep myself from any temptation.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，列举了关于意志力的几种研究和观点，作者认为有了明确的目标，良好的自我监督和练习，就可以在面对诱惑时使意志力保持坚强。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Researchers dont believe that ones willpower is ever completely exhausted. Rather, people appear to hold some willpower in reserve, saved for future demands.”可知，研究人员不相信人的意志力会完全耗尽，他们还有备用的和为将来需求节省的意志力。所以从文章中的研究我们了解到意志力几乎没有完全丧失。故选C。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的The right motivation allows us to tap into those reserves, al
