1、高考英语专题定语从句知识点经典测试题及答案一、选择题1He pointed out such a crucial detail about the experiment _ we could never neglect.AasBthatCwhereDwhen2Until now, we have raised 100,000 pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected.AthatBwhichCwhoDit3Though it is 30 years_we last met, I still remember the scene_we
2、got separated on a rainy day.Abefore; whereBbefore; whichCsince; whenDsince; where4The past decades have witnessed Chinas many scientific achievements, _ the development of Shenwei supercomputers is a typical example.Ato whichBfor whichCat whichDof which5Claims, if any, must be made within 30 days,
3、_ no claims will be accepted.Awithout whichBfor whichCduring whichDafter which6We all have times of insecurity in life, _ there is nothing to do but bravely face the feelings of doubt.AwhichBwhenCwhereDthat7The middle and high school period is a special one for children, a transition from children t
4、o adult, _ children tend to be rebellious (反抗的).AwhenBwhereCthatDof which8Liberty, equality, and fraternity are the ideals _ human beings have been fighting.Ato whichBagainst whichCwith whichDfor which9Companies should understand the risks _ they are exposed and monitor their control environments ad
5、equately.Aon whichBin whichCto whichDwith which10The beautiful dress _ Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers.AthatBwhichCin whichDwearing which11Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it.Aneither of themBboth of themCnone of whomDneither of who
6、m12Many nurses, _ were retired, headed for affected areas to help.Amost of whichBmost of whomCmost of themDmost of who13We came to a place _ they had never paid a visit before.Ain whichBto whichCwhatDwhich14We wont forget the heroes _ lost their lives while fighting against a forest fire.AwhoBwhoseC
7、whenDwhy15In China, “mythical creatures” is used to describe troublesome schoolchildren _ behaviors drive their parents crazy.AwhoseBwhenCwhoDof whom16Allen is good at seizing every opportunity _ he thinks he can show his best self to others.AwhenBthatCwhereDwhich17Giving credit where credit is due
8、is a good habit to form, _ rewards are immeasurable.AwhichBwhereCwhoseDits18Even Amundsen was moved by Scotts death saying Captain Scott left a record, for honesty, sincerity, for bravery, for everything _makes a man.AthatBwhichCwhoD不填19This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere _ many oth
9、ers are short of.AwhereBwhenCwhichDwhat20Nowadays,villagers are proud of their culture and are actively protecting it,_in turn improves the local tourism.AthatBwhichCwhereDwhat21He shouts when he gets angry, _ is often the case.AwhichBthatCwhenDas22English is a language shared by several diverse cul
10、tures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently.AwhichBwhatCthemDthose23This is the last factory _ he used to work at, many workers of _ still have a good relationship with him.A/; itBwhich; whomC/; whichDwhich; that24_ is known to all, grammar is not a set of dead rules.AThatBWhichCAsDIt25She brought
11、 with her three friends,none of _ I had ever met before.AthemBwhoCwhomDthese【参考答案】*试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他指出有关实验的这样一个我们绝不能忽视的关键细节。根据句意判断先行词为a crucial detail在定语从句中作neglect的宾语,且先行词被such修饰,故用关系代词as。故选A项。2B解析:B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:到目前为止,我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了10万英镑,这是相当出乎意料的。前后两个句子中间没有连词,是逗号,故判
12、断为非限制性定语从句,that和it不引导非限制性定语从句,排除AD选项;who用来指代人,which用来指代物或者句子,而在本句中关系代词指代前面句子内容,故选B。【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点:(1)一看先行词的意义,即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom,指人时通常不用which等)(2)二看关系词的句法功能,即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose,有时也用which;作状语要用when, where, why)(3)三看定语从句的种类,即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(
13、如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)3D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定句型和定语从句。句意:虽然距最后一次见面已经过去了20年,但我仍然记得我们在下雪的那天分别的场景。第一空,It is/has been+一段时间+since从句,意为“自从有多久了”,排除A、B;第二空,后文定语从句“we got separated.”不缺少成分,定语从句中已经有时间状语,不能再用when,排除C,且上文scene表示“现场,场面,场景”,在此指的是地点,应该用where引导定语从句,故选D。4D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:过去的几十年已经见证了中国的许多科学成就
14、,Shenwei超级电脑就是一个典型例子。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词achievements,且表“其中之一”此处用介词of,做介词of的宾语,指物应用关系代词which。故选D。5D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:如有索赔,必须在30天内提出,逾期不接受任何索赔。分析句子结构可知,该句逗号之后为定语从句,与前一句有修饰或补充作用,其前主句中30 days为先行词,在后面的定语从句中做介词的宾语,再根据句意可知,其后的定语从句中应用after which,意为“在此之后/ 逾期”,故选D。6B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在
15、生活中,我们都有心神不定的时候,那时我们什么都不能做,只能面对那种怀疑的感觉。A. which关系代词;B. when关系副词;C. where关系副词;D. that关系代词。分析句子可知,此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词,先行词times在从句中充当时间状语,应用关系副词when。故选B项。7A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:中学时期对孩子来说是一个特殊的时期,它是孩子向成人的过渡时期,在这个时期里孩子比较容易叛逆。本句为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词one,指代period,表示时间,在从句中作时间状语,故应用关系副词when。故选A。8D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】
16、考查定语从句。句意:自由、平等、博爱是人类一直为之奋斗的理想。分析句子,此处考查介词加关系代词时,介词的选择。从句 fight译为“奋斗”,根据句意译为“为.奋斗”为fight for,是固定搭配。for 可提至关系代词which前。故选D项。9C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:公司应该了解他们所面临的风险,并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子,此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词的选择。从句中的动词expose译为“使曝光”,根据句意译为“暴露于”为exposeto,是固定搭配。to 可提至关系代词which前。故选C 项。10C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定
17、语从句的关系代词。句意:Jones小姐去参加晚会穿的裙子是从她朋友那里借来的。句中先行词是dress,空后定语从句起到修饰限定作用,补全定语从句为Miss Jones went to the ball in the dress,可知先行词在从句中作in的宾语,因此使用in which引导定语从句。故选C项。11D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查代词和定语从句。句意:上周,只有两个人来看这所房子,他们都不想买。分析句子,前句提到“two people”表示两个人,故排除C项,none指三者或者三者以上都不。划线前的“逗号”不可同时放下两个简单句。故排除A和B项。再根据定语从句引导词作用之一,
18、连接主从句。且此处表示两者都不。先行词为 two people ,作of的宾语。关系代词为whom。故选D项。12B解析:B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:许多护士,其中大多数是退休的,前往灾区提供救援。分析句子结构可知,空处引导一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是Many nurses,指人,关系词在从句中作介词的宾语,故选most of whom,故选B项。13B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们来到了他们之前从没有参观过的地方。分析句子可知,paid a visit to为固定短语,意为“参观某地”,句中先行词为place,在从句中作paid a visit to的宾
19、语,故用which,to which在句中作状语引导定语从句。故选B项。14A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们不会忘记在与森林大火搏斗中牺牲的英雄们。分析句子结构,设空处引导定语从句,从句缺少主语,需用关系代词引导,排除C项和D项;whose表示“谁的”,后面需要加名词形成主语。先行词the heroes指人,需用关系代词who引导。故选A。【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点:第一、找准先行词;第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词,如本题中先行词为名词heroes,再分析先行词heroes在定语从句中所作的成分,将先行词heroes带到从句中可知,
20、先行词在从句中作主语。故选A。15A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在中国,“神话生物”被用来形容麻烦的学童,其行为使父母发疯。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句。behaviors和先行词schoolchildren存在所属关系,behaviors是先行词schoolchildren所具有的,因此使用whose修饰behaviors作定语来引导定语从句。在定语从句中“whose+名词”可转换为“of which /whom +the+名词” 或“the+名词+ of which /whom”。若选择D项的话,题干中缺定冠词the。故选A。16C解析:C【解析】【分析】【
21、详解】考查定语从句。句意:Allen善于抓住每一个他认为能够向别人展现最好的自己的机会。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中引导定语从句,修饰先行词”every opportunity”,且空处在从句中作抽象的地点状语,他能在这个机会中展现最好的自己。故应用where引导该定语从句。故此题选C。17C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:该表扬就表扬,这是一种要养成的好习惯,这种习惯的回报是不可估量的。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰habit,且先行词在从句中作定语,故应用关系代词whose。故选C。18A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:就连阿蒙森也被斯科特的死感动了,他
22、说:“斯科特上尉留下了一份记录,记录了他的诚实、真诚、勇敢,造就了一个人的一切。分析句子,定语从句部分缺主语,引导词用关系代词且不可省略。故可排除D项。再根据先行词指物可排除C项。本题定语从句的先行词为复合不定代词everything故引导词只能为that不用which。综合分析,故选A 项。19C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这家餐馆有一种温馨的家一般的气氛,这是许多其他餐馆所缺乏的。分析句子,定语从句部分缺宾语,所以引导词用关系代词。此处的先行词指物,所以用which/that。故选C项。20B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:现在,村民对他们的文化
23、感到自豪,并且积极的保护它,这转而促进了当地的旅游业。分析句子可知,此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的整个句子,关系词代替它在从句中充当主语,应用关系代词which,故选B项。【点睛】本题考查定语从句关系词确定定语从句关系词一般分为三步:找出先行词;分析定语从句成分;考虑特殊情况。以本题为例:找出先行词:villagers are proud of their culture and are actively protecting it分析定语从句成分:定语从句_in turn improves the local tourism.缺少主语,应用关系代词考虑特殊情况:非限制性定语从句中不能
24、使用that故选B项。21D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他生气时会大声喊叫,情况常常如此。分析句子可知,空处引导一个非限制性定语从句,关系词指代前面整个句子内容,表示“正如,正像”,在从句中作主语,应用as引导。故选D项。22A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:英语是几种不同文化共同使用的语言,每种不同的文化都会不同的使用它。根据与前面句子之间是逗号,没有连词,故判断后一句是定语从句;这里用which代指several diverse cultures,引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。【点睛】23C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这是
25、他过去工作过的工厂,那里的许多工人和他仍保持着良好的关系。这里factory是先行词,the last修饰先行词,故第一空只能用that引导定语从句,因为在定语从句中作介词at的宾语,所以也可以省略;第二空先行词是factory,which在从句中作介词的宾语,引导非限制性定语从句,故选C。24C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:众所周知,语法不是一套死规则。此处引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,且位于句首,表示“正如”应用as。故选C。25C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查关系代词。句意:她带来了三个朋友,我以前从没见过他们。whom指代前面提到的three friends。在定语从句中作of的宾语。故选C项。