1、Unit 2 Great minds语法一、作主语，可以用it代替，it叫形式主语，动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语1To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language.2. Its dangerous to drive very fast.二、作表语My idea is to ring him up at once. 我的想法是马上给他打电话。如果主语部分含实义动词do，且作表语的动词又是“do”的内容，这时表语不定式的“to”可以省略。如：All I did was wait h
2、ere. 我能做的就是在这里等。三、常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(决定), need(需要), mean(打算), wish(希望), fail(失败), want(想要), begin(开始), would like(想要)等。He has decided to go to the countryside. 他已决心去乡下。四、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构可以作动词know、think、find out等的宾语。I dont know who to ask. 我真不知道该问谁。五、“疑问词 + 动词不定式”可以作动词show、tea
3、ch、ask等后面的直接宾语。She told me where to find the earphone. 她告诉我什么地方可以找到耳机。六、如果宾语太长，可用it作形式宾语，构成“主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾语不足语(名词或形容词) + to do sth”结构，谓语动词常为find、think、feel等。I found it difficult to stop him. 我发现拦截他很困难。七、动词不定式可以作介词的宾语。Autumn harvest is about to start. 秋收即将开始。Im worrying about what to do next. 我正愁下一
4、步该怎么办。八、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系。I have a lot of books to read. 我有许多书要读。此时，如果动词不定式动词为不及物动词，后面的介词绝对不能省略。We had only a cold room to live in. 我们只有寒室一间。九、不定式复合结构作主语时，需注意：Its + 形容词 + for / of + sb + to do sth.当上面的形容词指的是to do sth的性质时，用介词for。Its dangerous for children to swim in the river. 孩子在这条河里游泳很危险。（游泳这件事情危
5、险）当上面的形容词指的是sb的性质时，用介词of。这些形容词往往修饰人：good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, nice, clever, right, wrong, careful, carelessIt was careless of you to do that. 你这么做真粗心。（你这个人粗心）十、动词hear, see, feel, watch, notice, look at, listen to等后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不能带to, 即常见的形式为: hear sb do sth等Many people like to watch others p
6、lay games. 许多人喜欢看别人玩游戏.十一、let, make, have后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语, 也不能带to; help后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语, to可有可无She let us meet her at the station, but she didnt come. 她让我们去车站迎接她,卡她没有来.十二、跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词还有: ask, beg, leave, like, love, hate, prefer, order, teach, tell, believe, find, know, want, think, understand, w
7、ould like等形式为: ask sb to do sthWould you like me to visit him? 要不要我拜访他?I would prefer you not to come tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天不要来.He ask the driver to stop the motobike. 他要那位司机拦下那辆摩托车.十三、区别下列词组的不同含义:like to do sthlike doing sthstop to do sthstop doing sthremember to do sthremember doing sthforget to do sthf
8、orget doing sth十四、It takes sb some time to do sth.花费某人一段时间干某事.It took me half an hour to do my homework yesterday.昨天我花了半小时做回家作业.It took Jim an hour and a half to read the book.吉姆花了一个半小时看这本书.It took mother one and a half hours to do the housework.母亲花了一个半小时干家务.用汉字表述上面的句型为:It + take + 人 + 一段时间 + to do
9、sth.一段时间形式往往为像这样的例子:fifteen minutes15分钟,an hour一个小时, two days两天, half a month半个月,a year and a half一年半.等等十五、不定式的特殊句型Why not Why not +动词原形表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：为什么不? 干吗不?例如：Why not take a holiday?干吗不去度假?练习 根据括号内的动词,用适当的形式填空,空内可能不只填一个词,使句子完整意思正确1. They usually _ kites on Sundays. (fly)2. Look! The dogs _ after
10、 the cat. (run)3. Miss Gao _ English in our school since she came here. (teach)4. The class meeting _ last Wednesday afternoon. (hold)5. You should let him _ the work by himself. (finish)6. Meimei _ to wash the old womans clothes twice every week. (go)7. Mr Jiang _ us Chinese last term. (teach)8. My
11、 father _ back from Japan tomorrow. (come)9. Its seven oclock now. The Greens _ breakfast together. (have)10. Jim _ many Chinese songs since he came to China. (learn)11. Please remember _ the window when you leave the room. (close)12. After school some students began to do some _ in the classroom. (
12、clean)13. English _ widely in the whole world today. (speak)动词不定式练习：一. 根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。1. He was so angry that he couldnt say anything. He was too angry _ _ anything.2. I dont know when we will have the meeting. I dont know when _ _ the meeting.3. He said he would write a letter. He said
13、he would have a letter _ _.4. That you read English in the morning is very important. It is very important _ you _ _ English in the morning.5. He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头） He was strong _ _ _ the stone.6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday. His father went to Beijing _
14、 _ his holiday.7. They got up early so that they could get there in time. They got up early _ _ _ _ there in time.8. His brother decided that he would buy the book. His brother decided _ _ the book.9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall. He hopes _ _ the Great Wall.10.I saw him go into the roo
15、m. He was seen _ _ into the room.11.We made him work five hours a day. He was made _ _ five hours a day.12.Do you want to say anything for yourself? Do you have anything _ _ for yourself?13.We dont know what we shall do next. We dont know what _ _ next.14.Im very sorry on hearing the bad news. Im ve
16、ry sorry _ _ the bad news.15.He stopped and had a look at me. He stopped _ _ a look at me.16.I helped him with his English. I helped him _ _ English. 17.My father promised （许诺）that he would buy me a bike. My father promised _ _ me a bike.18.The box is so heavy that I cant carry it. The box is too he
17、avy _ me _ _.19.“Lie down! ”the boy said to his dog. The boy ordered his dog _ _ down.20.“Dont make any noise, ”she said to me. She told me _ _ _ any noise.二. 单选：1. This company was the first _ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.A. producing B. to produce C. having produ
18、ced D. produced2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, _it more difficult.A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make3. Helen had to shout _above the sound of the music .A .making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D .to make herself heard4. I do
19、nt know whether you happen_ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _the film stars had left.A .to tell B .to be told C .telling D .told6. You were silly not _your car.A. to lo
20、ck B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked7. The teacher asked us _so much noise.A .dont make B. not make C. not making D .not to make8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _clear warnings before firing any shots.A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to
21、 be issued9. Id rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_ a room with someone else.A. to share B. to have shared C. share D. sharing10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_ in broad daylight yesterday.A. robbed B. to have been robbed C. being robbed D. having been robbed11. A
22、number of paintings in the castle are believed _in a fire.A. being destroyed B. having been destroyed C. to be destroyed D. to have been destroyed12. The meeting _ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take place B. to be taken placeC. to have taken place D. being taken place13. As a result
23、of my laziness, I failed _ my work in time.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD. to finished14. I am sorry _ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having15. Will you lend him a magazine _?A. to be readB. for readingC. to readD. he read16. He could
24、do nothing but _for the bus _.A. wait, to come B. wait; come C. waiting; coming D. waited; came17 .It is a problem that doesnt need _ right now.A. to solveB. solvingC. being solvedD. to be solving18. Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _ trouble.A. making B.
25、to make C. to have made D. having made19. I remember _him _the bike needed _.A. hearing, saying, to repair B. to hear, say, to repairC. hearing, say, repairing D. to hear, saying, to be repaired20. - You should have thanked her before you left.- I meant _, but when I was leaving I couldnt find her a
26、nywhere.A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing so21. Robert is said to _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in.A. to have studied B. to study B. to be studying D. to have been studying22. Im gong to Xian next week. Have you anything _ to your parents?A. to take B. to be taken C. to be bought
27、to D. to buy23. when are they _ in their plan?A. hand B. handed C. to hand D. give24. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _.A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survived D. will survive25. When we hurried to the station, there happened _ no bus at that time.A. to
28、have B. to be C. having D. being26. I lost my way in complete darkness and, _ matters worse, it began to rain.A. made B. having made C. making D. to make27. At _ time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, though she is always too busy _ a good rest.A. no, to take B. no, taking C. any, to ta
29、ke D. one, taking28. -Are you a student? -No, but I used _.A. to be B. to was C. to do D. to be a29. I stopped to listen, and my son seemed _ himself _ in the living room.A. to enjoy, to shut B. to be enjoying, shuttingC. to be enjoying, shut D. to have enjoyed, having shut30. With a lot of difficul
30、t problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled31. Were leaving at six oclock, and hope _ most of the journey by lunch time.A. to do B. to have done C. to make D. to have made32. The study of the wild world may help to make the wor
31、ld easier _.A. understood B. to be understood C. to understand D. understand33. Who will you get _ the project for us?A. design B. to design C. designed D. designing34. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government know _.A. it what to do with B. what to do it withC. what to do with
32、 it D. to do what with it35. We are not allowed _ outdoors with some other children.A. playing B. to be playing C. to play D. be playing36. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home.A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much37. She feels so
33、 strongly that each of us should have a role _in making the earth a better place to live in.A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing38. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _.A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to39. Do
34、 let your mother know all the truth, she appears _ everything.A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told40. There are five pairs _, but Im at a loss which to buy.A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing41. The problem is _ difficult for us _.A. so; work out B. very too; to be worked outC. rather too, to work out D. quite too, to work it out7 / 7
