1、Insulation Requirement According to IEC60950 直線距離：直線距離：Clearance distance=CL定義：任何可能之最短路徑，且定義：任何可能之最短路徑，且CLCR。沿面距離：沿面距離：Creepage distance=CR定義：攀爬物體表面之最短路徑。定義：攀爬物體表面之最短路徑。如果導體之間利用絕緣作為阻隔，但是在無法確保兩個不如果導體之間利用絕緣作為阻隔，但是在無法確保兩個不同物質間之連結性，故其同物質間之連結性，故其CL/CR的計算方式如下：的計算方式如下：利用開槽來延伸利用開槽來延伸CR，則，則X必須大於必須大於1 mm，例：，例
2、：CL：輸入電壓輸入電壓150Vac的產的產品，例如輸入為品，例如輸入為100-127Vac，其基準值為：，其基準值為：B/I=1.0mm R/I=2.0mm；若若Peak電壓高於電壓高於210Vpk，則必須加上其額外值！則必須加上其額外值！如右圖：如右圖：例：例：Vpk=302，則，則B/I=1.0+0.2=1.2 mmR/I=2.0+0.4=2.4 mmCL：輸入電壓輸入電壓150Vac 300Vac的產品，的產品，例如輸入為例如輸入為100-127Vac/200-240Vac or 100-240Vac，其基，其基準值為：準值為：B/I=2.0mm R/I=4.0mm；若若Peak電壓高
3、於電壓高於420Vpk，則，則必須加上其額外值！必須加上其額外值！如右圖：如右圖：例：例：Vpk=604，則，則B/I=2.0+0.3=2.3 mmR/I=4.0+0.6=4.6 mm CL：輸入輸入210Vdc的的DC to DC Converter，例如輸入為例如輸入為36 to 75Vdc，則基準值為：則基準值為：B/I=1.0mm R/I=2.0mm；如右圖：如右圖：例：例：Vdc=96，則，則B/I=1.0 mmR/I=2.0 mm 依據研究及依據研究及IEC60664-1的規範，越高海拔的大氣壓力的規範，越高海拔的大氣壓力越小，所以必須加長直線距離，用以符合原始所需之越小，所以必須
4、加長直線距離，用以符合原始所需之安規要求，如下圖，以海拔安規要求，如下圖，以海拔10,000英呎英呎(3,048公尺公尺)為例，為例，最終直線距離最終直線距離CL必須乘上海拔係數必須乘上海拔係數1.15倍。倍。沿面距離可沿面距離可使用線性內使用線性內插法。插法。Vrmsor VdcLow limitVrmsHigh limitVrmsRequestCR(B/I)3763004003.8Low limitCRHigh limitCRRequestCR(R/I)3.247.6！點入試算！點入試算線性內插法。線性內插法。內插法通常定義爲根據內插法通常定義爲根據”二個已知值估計出中間值二個已知值估計出
5、中間值”。線性內插法在二個已知資料點間畫一條直線，新的資料線性內插法在二個已知資料點間畫一條直線，新的資料點就位於這條直線上，具體位置要根據其值與二個端點點就位於這條直線上，具體位置要根據其值與二個端點之一的接近程度確定。之一的接近程度確定。ScVcVaVcVbScSaxf)()()()(例如:Vrms=280時,沿面距離為3.0mm.5.2)250300()250280()5.22.3()(xf查表2H,2J及2L取得沿面(CR)及直線距離(CL)traceinsulationCRCLA-CBasic2.882.0C-EReinforced4.764.0B-EReinforced6.204.
6、0+0.2A-BBasic2.582.0A-DBasic2.382.0B-CFuntional2.401.5+0.1C-DFunctional3.611.5+0.1A-FBasic2.402.0若兩點間的RMS電壓小於AC INPUT MAX.VOLTAGE,則兩點取MAX.INPUT VOLTAGE總結A.CL要依據以下來確定:1.絕緣類型2.INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE;3.WORKING VOLTAGE(Vpeak);4.Pollution Degree;(Delta select Pollution Degree 3.);5.Altitude;6.計算方法:CL=A+B(A:
7、Minimum value from Table 2H,according to the mains voltage;B:Additional value from Table 2J,according to the actual peak working voltage,A,B取值應看大)B.CR 要依據以下來確定:7.絕緣類型;8.WORKING VOLTAGE(Vrms);9.Pollution Degree;(Delta select Pollution Degree 2.);10.Material Group;11.計算方法:利用Table 2L已知兩點列直線方程求中間點.Safet
8、y Requirements for Transformers Construction-Materials-Insulation-MarkingsPerformance-Temperature-Abnormal Tests-Electric Strength Test 1Requirements of Construction-Materials UL/CSA-Appropriate Insulation System shall be adopted-UL R/C according to UL1446-Depending on temperature performance requir
9、ement of different applications(Class B,Class F,etc.)-Materials limited to the Insulation System Other Certifiers No“Insulation System”requirement-Classification of insulation materials according to IEC 60085-Material of the lowest temperature rating dominates-UL R/C materials accepted,e.g.tapes,bob
10、bins.Requirements of Construction Materials(cond)Requirements of Construction Insulation General Based on Working Voltage-Clearance:(based on Vpk)A=Minimum value from Table 2H(page29),according to the mains voltage B=Additional value from Table 2J(page30),according to the actual peak working voltage
11、 Required clearance=A+B-Example:1.Equipment rated 100-240 Vac 2.Measured maximum working voltage 600 VpkA=4 mm,B=0.6 mmDetermined clearance=4.6 mm-Exception:If working environment of altitude above 2000 m is specified,Annex G shall be considered.Requirements of Construction Insulation(cond)Example o
12、f Creepage Determination:1.Measured working voltage=360 Vrms2.Pollution Degree 23.Material Group IIRequired creepage distance=2X From Table 2L:(400 300)/(2.8-2.2)=(360 300)/(X-2.2)X=2.56 2.6 Required creepage=5.2 mm Requirements of Construction Insulation(cond)Wound Components Triple-Insulated Wires
13、-Minimum 3 construction layers shall apply for Reinforced Insulation-Passes Annex U tests(Insulated Winding Wires for Use Without Interleaved Insulation)-Where two wires cross each other at an angle between 45-90,an additional physical separation shall be provided,e.g.by sheet material.45-90 Require
14、ments of Construction Insulation(cond)Core-Usually considered as“floating”all surrounding components shall keep Basic/Supplementary Insulation from core.-Some considered as primary/secondary all components on opposite side shall keep Reinforced Insulation from core.Requirements of Construction MarkingCompany name or trade mark“E115982”Factory Location-“DCGM”-“DET”-“DEIC”-“DEIT”-“DCWM”System Designation-“MP-130B”-“MP-130G”-“MP-130I”etc.
