1、动词动词 be动词(动词(am,is,are)情态动词情态动词 助动词助动词 行为动词行为动词be 动词 be动词:动词:am,is,are be动词的否定形式:动词的否定形式:am not(没有缩略形式)(没有缩略形式)are not=arent,is not=isnt be动词的过去式:动词的过去式:am,is的过去式的过去式was;are 的过去式的过去式were 主语第一人称主语第一人称+am 主语第二人称主语第二人称+are 主语第三人称单数主语第三人称单数+is;复数;复数+are情态动词情态动词情态动词本身有一定的词义,但它必须和实义情态动词本身有一定的词义,但它必须和实义动词原
2、形一起构成句子谓语。情态动词有:动词原形一起构成句子谓语。情态动词有:cancan,mustmust,couldcould,wouldwould,maymay,shallshall,shouldshould其否定形式为:其否定形式为:cannot=cantcannot=cant,must must not=mustntnot=mustnt,could not=couldnt could not=couldnt;would would not=wouldnt not=wouldnt;may notmay not(无缩写形式),(无缩写形式),should not=shouldntshould n
3、ot=shouldnt注意,情态动词后应用动词原形。注意,情态动词后应用动词原形。助动词助动词dodo,doesdoes用于一般现在时,其过去式用于一般现在时,其过去式diddid用于一般用于一般过去时。它们通常用在疑问句、否定句中。它们的过去时。它们通常用在疑问句、否定句中。它们的否定形式分别为:否定形式分别为:do not=dontdo not=dont,does does not=doesnt not=doesnt;did not=didntdid not=didnt注意:注意:(1 1)在一般现在时中,)在一般现在时中,doesdoes用于第三人称单数,用于第三人称单数,其余一律用助动
4、词其余一律用助动词dodo。(2 2)助动词)助动词dodo,doesdoes,diddid后用动词原形。后用动词原形。行为动词行为动词 行为动词又称实义动词,表示动作和状态,能独立作谓语。行为动词又称实义动词,表示动作和状态,能独立作谓语。目前,我们学过的动词形式有:目前,我们学过的动词形式有:动词原形动词原形、动词的、动词的现在分词现在分词、动词的、动词的过去过去式式三种。三种。用适当的用适当的助动词助动词填空填空1 1、you like this magazineyou like this magazine?2 2、-What-What sheshe at the weekendsat
5、the weekends?-She usually plays games with her friends.-She usually plays games with her friends.3 3、WhatWhat you do last Sundayyou do last Sunday?-I wrote to my-I wrote to my friend.friend.4 4、-Did you see a film called-Did you see a film called The Green HornetThe Green Hornet?-No-No,I I .5 5、Jim
6、have a party every SundayJim have a party every Sunday?DodoesdodiddidntDoes用用be动词动词的适当形式填空的适当形式填空1 1、YouYou my good friend.my good friend.2 2、Jim and IJim and I in the same team.in the same team.3 3、WhereWhere his footballhis football?4 4、I I a student one year agoa student one year ago,but now but
7、now I I a teacher.a teacher.areareiswasam人称代人称代词词 我我你你他他她她它它我们我们你们你们他们他们主格主格I youhe sheitweyouthey宾格宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主代物主代词词我的我的你的你的他他的的 她的她的 它的它的 我们我们的的你们的你们的 他们的他们的形容形容词性词性myyourhis heritsouryourtheir名词名词性性mine yourshis hersits ours yours theirs代代 词词人人 称称 代词代词定义:定义:代替人称和事物,但不说出他们的名字的词,叫做人称
8、代词。人称代词有人称代词有 单数单数 和和 复数复数之分之分,第一人称:第一人称:I we 第二人称第二人称:you you 第三人称第三人称:he/she/it they I me we-us you-you you-you he-him she-her it-it they-them人称代词有人称代词有主格主格 和和 宾格宾格之分之分主格人称代词在句子中的使用主格人称代词在句子中的使用在陈述句中I like drawing pictures.You are a Chinese boy.He isnt an accountant.She doesnt work in a car factor
9、y.在疑问句中Are they going to the Great Wallthis weekend?Is he working in a car factory now?How do you go to work?Where does she work?在陈述句中,在陈述句中,主格人称代词放在句子的最前面。主格人称代词放在句子的最前面。在疑问句中,主格人称代词放在助动词之后,实意动词之前。在疑问句中,主格人称代词放在助动词之后,实意动词之前。宾格代词在句子中的使用宾格代词在句子中的使用在动词之后在动词之后:Excuse me!Thank you.Lets(Let us)go home to
10、gether.Please give me a piece of paper.Zhang Pengs mother teaches him math.在介词之后This gift is for him.Happy birthday to you.My uncle writes the TV show for her.Can he go with us?Listen to me carefully.Dont tell them about it.形容词性物主代词的使用形容词性物主代词的使用 Whats your name?My name is John.Alice and her sister
11、Ann look the same.Tom is an accountant.His mother is an engineer.Look at the elephant.Its nose is so long,and its tail is so short.We are going to visit our grandparents tomorrow.They have the same hobbies.Their hobbies are swimming and diving.形容词性物主代词可以放在句子中的形容词性物主代词可以放在句子中的任何位置任何位置。但其后但其后必须跟上一个名词必
12、须跟上一个名词。My aunt is an actress on movies._is very Beautiful,and _ works in Hong Kong and Beijing._ and _ family are living in Beijingnow.So shegoes to Hong Kong by plane._likes work very much.And she has many fans(影迷影迷)._all like watching her films.And she loves _ too.SheSheSheherSheherthemTheyExerci
13、ses1.We must do _ homework.(we,our,us)2.Who is _?(she,her,his)3.Excuse_.Where is the post office?(I,me,my)4.How old is _ brother?_ is ten.(he,his,him)5.Whats _ hobby?_ likes collecting stamps.(she,him,her)6.Whats _ hobby?_ like playing basketball.(your,I,he,his)7.Can he go with_?(we,us,our)8._ class
14、room is very dirty.Let_ clean it.(our,we,us)9.How old are _?I am 12 years old.10.Can _ help _?(you,me.my)ourshemehisHeherSheyourIusOurusyouyoume形形 容容 词词 性性 物物 主主 代代 词词 单数单数 复数复数 物物 主主 代代 词词定义:表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词可分为定义:表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词可分为 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。第一人称第一人称 my our第二人称第
15、二人称 your your第三人称第三人称 his/her/its their 名名 词词 性性 物物 主主 代代 词词 单数单数 复数复数 第一人称第一人称 mine ours第二人称第二人称 yours yours第三人称第三人称 his/hers/its theirsJohns family photoJohn and Mike are talking about Johns family photo.John:look!This is _ father._is a doctor,and _works in DongGuan people hospital._is kind and _a
16、ll love_.Mike:Is that woman _mother?John:Yes,_ is._is an English teacher._loves _students,and _love _,too._are living near _mothers school,so _mother goes to work on foot.myHeHeHewehimyoursheShehertheyherWemymyShe副副词(adv.)1.什么是副词 副词副词是用来修饰是用来修饰动词、形容词、动词、形容词、其他副词或全句的词,其他副词或全句的词,表示时间、地点、程度、状态表示时间、地点、程
17、度、状态等。等。如:如:(1)The wind is blowing strongly.风刮的很大。(副词strongly修饰动词blow,表示程度)(2)I can see clearly.我能看的清。(副词clearly修饰动词see)(3)It is very late.天很晚了。(副词very修饰形容词late)(4)You speak too quickly.你说的太快(副词修饰副词)(副词too修饰副词quickly)2.副词的种类副词的种类 副词根据它们的意义,可以分为下面几类。(1)时间副词:表示“什么时候”“频率”。always 总是 often经常 usually通常 se
18、ldom不常 sometimes有时 now现在 then那时 today今天 yesterday昨天(2)地点副词:主要描述地点。here这里 there那儿 up向上 down向下 back向后 everywhere到处2.副词的种类(3)程度副词程度副词:主要表示程度。much很;非常 little很少 very非常too太 enough足够地 quite十分地(4)方式副词方式副词:主要表示“怎样地”。slowly慢慢地 quickly快地 suddenly突然地warmly热情地 neatly整洁地 quietly安静地badly糟糕地 happily快乐地(5)疑问副词疑问副词:用
19、来引导一个特殊疑问句。how 怎样 when 什么时候where 在哪里 why为什么3.副词的位置副词的位置(1)副词修饰动词时,通常位于被修饰动词的)副词修饰动词时,通常位于被修饰动词的后面后面。We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。You walk too fast.你走得太快。(2)副词修饰形容词时,通常放在该形容词的)副词修饰形容词时,通常放在该形容词的前面前面。The boy is too young to go toschool.那个孩子太小,不能上学。Mark Twin is a very funny man.马克吐温是一个非常有趣的人。(3)副词修饰副词
20、时,通常放在被修饰副词的前面。)副词修饰副词时,通常放在被修饰副词的前面。Lihua dance very well.李华舞跳得很好。Thank you very much.非常感谢(4)表示频率的副词,通常位于)表示频率的副词,通常位于主谓之间主谓之间,也可以位于,也可以位于句首句首。He often goes to school by bike.他经常骑车上学。Sometimes he goes to see his mother.他有时候去看他母亲。副词和形容词一样,也有三个等级:原级、比较级和最高级。原级、比较级和最高级。(1)表示等于(同级间)时用原级。He runs as fast
21、 as I.他和我跑的一样快。其否定句型:not so/asas He doesnt run so fast as I.他跑的不如我快。(2)表示两者之间进行比较时用比较级。Cars run faster than buses.小汽车比公共汽车跑得快。(3)表示三者或三者以上的比较,用最高级。He runs(the)fastest in his class.在他班上他跑得最快。She jumps(the)farthest of the girls.在那些女孩中,她跳得最远。5.副词的比较级和最高级的构成 与形容词比较级构成的规则相同。注意:副词最高级也要加定冠词“the”但可以省略。4.副词的
22、比较级和最高级。副词的比较级和最高级。01三、三、不规则变化不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级高级原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more mostlittle less leastold older/elder oldest/eldestfar farther/further farthest/furthest Change them into comparative and superlative degrees.far many/much little
23、 well/good bad/ill tired farther farthestmore mostless leastbetter bestworse worstmore tired most tired二词形变换 1.easy(反义词)2.busy(比较级)3.big (最 高级)4.hungry(比较级)5.new(反义词)6.well (比较级)7.worst(原级)8.red (比较级)9.nice (最高级)10.little (比较级)11.China(形容词)12.cheap(反义词)1We dont have _(many,much)snow here.2There are
24、a _(few,little)eggs in the box.3He speaks English _(slow,fast).4I cant read this word,_(either,too).5He plays tennis _(good,well).6Im fifteen years _(tall,old,long,big).7I have _(much,any,a little,some)friends in New York.8Please give me _(a piece,many,a few)of paper.下列每个句子中都有一处错误,请把错误下列每个句子中都有一处错误,
25、请把错误画出来,并改正画出来,并改正1 This apple is much big than that one.2 This book is as more interesting as that one.3 Alices hair is longer as Susans.4 Nowadays,all the children live happy.5 Lindas box is heaviest of the three.Lets help her.照例句改写句子A:The book is new.This is a new book1.That woman is thin.2.That
26、clock is new.3.Those bikes are cold.4.This apple is big.5.These babies are lovely.B:It is cold today.It is not hot today.1.My room is small.2.That ball is old.3.The ruler is long.4.This is a clean book.5.He is driving an old car.Dear Ann:Im so (高兴高兴)!Its Christmas today.Its cold outside,(有风的有风的)and
27、dry.But in (干净干净的的)little room.Its warm.My brother Ken bought a nice christmas tree.we decordated(装饰装饰)it and looks very .(漂亮漂亮)Twenty people are here,in our big house.They are all my parents friends,its (吵闹吵闹)but I like.Ken and I have got so (很多很多)presents,and mine is really a (大的大的)one.And there i
28、s something (特殊的特殊的)in the (红色的红色的)box.I guess.But its for Susan,my sister.Tomorrow were going to ski at Blue Mountain,how wonderful!Mom is calling me for dinner and I have to stop here.(最好的最好的)Wishes.根据所给汉语完成这封信根据所给汉语完成这封信知识网络 形容词、副词形容词、副词1、形容词、形容词什么是形容词什么是形容词形容词的位置形容词的位置形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级和最高级什么是副词
29、什么是副词副词的种类副词的种类副词的比较级和最高级及其构成副词的比较级和最高级及其构成2、副词、副词副词的位置副词的位置3、不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级、不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级冠词是用于名词前,说明名词所表示的人或事物冠词是用于名词前,说明名词所表示的人或事物的词。的词。定冠词:定冠词:the 冠词冠词 不定冠词:不定冠词:a、an 1、不定冠词的用法、不定冠词的用法 a/an 都表示一个,有些情况也可译为都表示一个,有些情况也可译为“每每”an 用在单词发音中用在单词发音中元音音标元音音标开头的单词开头的单词 a 用在单词发音中用在单词发音中辅音音标辅音音标开头
30、的单词开头的单词 Eg.an orangean apple三、冠词的用法:三、冠词的用法:(1)表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个,经常)表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个,经常用在第一次提到的某人或某物时,用不定冠词用在第一次提到的某人或某物时,用不定冠词起介绍作用,表示起介绍作用,表示“一个一个”e.g.This is an interesting book.这是一本有这是一本有趣的书。趣的书。(2)表示人或事物的某一类,强调整体,即以表示人或事物的某一类,强调整体,即以其中一个代表一类。其中一个代表一类。e.g.A bird can fly.鸟会飞。鸟会飞。(3)表示数量)表示数量“一一”,相当
31、于,相当于one.e.g.There are twenty-four hours in a day.一一天有天有24小时。小时。(4)用于一些习语中。)用于一些习语中。in a minute 一会儿一会儿 for a while 一会儿一会儿have a try 试一试试一试 in a word 总而言之总而言之2、定冠词、定冠词 the 的用法:的用法:(1)特指某些人或物特指某些人或物 The book on the desk is mine.(2)双方都知道的人或事物双方都知道的人或事物 Open the door,please.(3)指上文提到的人或事物指上文提到的人或事物 He li
32、ves on a farm,the farm is not big.(4)指世界上独一无二的事物前;如果名指世界上独一无二的事物前;如果名词前有修饰语,也可能用不定冠词。词前有修饰语,也可能用不定冠词。The sun is bigger than the moon.a bright moon(5)用在形容词前表示一类人。用在形容词前表示一类人。the poor the old(6)用在姓氏前表示一家人。用在姓氏前表示一家人。The Greens are at table.(7)用于序数词、形容词最高级及形容词用于序数词、形容词最高级及形容词only,very,same等词的前面。等词的前面。T
33、he island is the biggest of the three.January is the first month of the year.They are in the same class.(8)用于乐器前。用于乐器前。I like playing the piano.(9)用在习语中。用在习语中。look the same in the daytime四四、不用、不用冠词的情况:冠词的情况:1.在国名、人名等专有名词前不用。在国名、人名等专有名词前不用。Canada Lucy2.复数名词表示泛指,表示一类人或事物复数名词表示泛指,表示一类人或事物时,可不用冠词。时,可不用冠
34、词。I like vegetables.3.不可数名词前通常不加不定冠词,但可不可数名词前通常不加不定冠词,但可加定冠词修饰。加定冠词修饰。Water is important to us.Where is the juice?4.在季节、月份、星期、节日等名词前不在季节、月份、星期、节日等名词前不用冠词。用冠词。Its autumn now.Its cool.New term begins in September.I often visit my grandparents on Sunday.Christmas Day Childrens Day5.在称呼、官衔、职业的名词前不用。在称呼、
35、官衔、职业的名词前不用。This is my math teacher.例题:例题:冠词冠词 (a/an)1.I have _ book.2._ cat can catch insect.3.Lucy spends _ hour doing her homework everyday.4.Bobs father is _ engineer.5.John is _ honest boy.6._ apple _ day keeps the doctor away.aAanananAna7.Lets have _ rest for _ while.8.Mother bought me _ unifo
36、rm yesterday.9.I have _ pencil,_(a,the)pencil is red.10._(a,the/)sun is shining brightly in _(a,the,/)sky.11._(a,the)dictionary on _(a,the)desk is mine.12.Is(the,/)Mary(a,the,/)youngest girl in our class?13.Can you play(a,an,the,/)violin?14.We go to school by(a,the,/)bike in(a,an,the)morning every d
37、ay.aaaatheThetheThethe根据所学知识用根据所学知识用a,an,the,/填空填空My name is _ Michael.Im in _ grade three thisterm.My mother is _doctor and my father is _actor.Today is _Saturday.Now,my father is talking on _ phone.mother is having _ breakfast.My grandmother is watering _ flowers in _ garden and Im watching _ TV.Look!This is my zone.There is _ beautiful umbrella in my bedroom.I like _ umbrella very much because I bought it in _ Paris.These are all my presents.