1、全国英语等级考试（三级）全国英语等级考试（三级）PETS-3写作精讲 写作精讲一、写作文写作二、综合写作三、复习指导一、应用文写作常考的常考的3种应用文写种应用文写作作书信书信书信分为私人信函 和公务信函两大类。便条便条便条是书信的一种，是简短的信函。通知通知用于说明或传达某 项事情或活动信息No.66,Changjiang West Road Your sincerely,Steven Huangdao District,QindaoP.R.C.May 10,2016 Prof.Water White1216 Central Ave SW Albuquerque,New Mexico U.S
2、.A.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Looking forward to your reply.Dear Mr.White，齐头式写作模板齐头式写作模板信头：写信人的地址和日期信头：写信人的地址和日期信内地址：收信人姓名和地址信内地址：收信人姓名和地址称呼：称呼：Dear后加姓名后加姓名正文：全部顶格写正文：全部顶格写结束语结束语签
3、名签名 Your sincerely,StevenNo.66,Changjiang West Road Huangdao District,QindaoP.R.C.May 10,2016 Prof.Water White 1216 Central Ave SW Albuquerque,New Mexico U.S.A.xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
4、 Looking forward to your reply.Dear Mr.White，缩进式写作模板缩进式写作模板缩进缩进靠右靠右仔细分析题干给出的信仔细分析题干给出的信 息和任务要求，准确把息和任务要求，准确把 握命题者的出题意图。握命题者的出题意图。切忌切忌“提笔就写提笔就写”！1审题审题列出文章基本框架：列出文章基本框架：分几段？每段写什么？分几段？每段写什么？总共写几句话？总共写几句话？2列提纲列提纲根据列好的提纲，套用根据列好的提纲，套用 经典句型，句子之间用经典句型，句子之间用 连接词衔接，同义词之连接词衔接，同义词之 间注意变化。间注意变化。写作写作3检查句子的时态、语态、检
5、查句子的时态、语态、主谓一致、单词拼写和主谓一致、单词拼写和 标点符号等。标点符号等。4检查检查书信类写作书信类写作答题流程答题流程便条写作便条写作便条是书信的一种形式便条是书信的一种形式，是为是为实实现约现约会会、邀、邀请请、请、请求求、致、致谢谢、祝、祝贺贺、慰、慰问问以以及及 留言等目的而写的简短留言等目的而写的简短信信函。函。日期日期日期写在便条的右上角日期写在便条的右上角便条便条称呼称呼称呼比书信的称呼要随意一些。一称呼比书信的称呼要随意一些。一般般在人在人名名前加前加上上dear并并冠以冠以尊尊称。称。Mr.（Mister），用），用于于无无职职衔的男衔的男子子。Mrs.（Mist
6、ress），用于已），用于已婚婚女子。女子。Miss 用于未婚女子。用于未婚女子。Ms.用于女士通称。用于女士通称。Dr.（Doctor），用于博士。），用于博士。Prof.（Professor），用于），用于大大学教学教授授。正文正文另起一行，可以缩进，也可以对齐。另起一行，可以缩进，也可以对齐。注意使用口语化的表达方式注意使用口语化的表达方式签名签名在结束语正下方另起一行，留下姓在结束语正下方另起一行，留下姓名名。也可以加上也可以加上Yours，Sincerely等等词词。便条写作便条写作Your sincerely,StevenMay 10thDear Mr.White，xxxxxxxx
7、xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx时间日期时间日期称谓称谓结束语结束语 签名签名正文正文Your sincerely,Steven时间日期时间日期称谓称谓结束语结束语 签名签名May 10thDear Mr.White，xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
8、xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx正文正文齐头式齐头式缩进式缩进式便条写作便条写作56.You have a ticket to the Russian National Ballet Troupe,which is visiting and you want to give it to your friend Alice.Write a note to her and say:1)the time of the show,2)the place where you will wa
9、it for herYou should write about 100 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of your email.假设你有一张俄假设你有一张俄罗罗斯国家芭蕾舞团斯国家芭蕾舞团演演出的门出的门票票，你你想送想送给朋友爱丽丝给朋友爱丽丝。让你给她写一张便条让你给她写一张便条。Step1审题审题给定的情景：给定的情景：便条写作便条写作告诉她：告诉她：1)演出时间演出时间2)集合地点集合地点Step1审题审题任务要求：任务要求：便条写作便条写作列提纲列提纲Step2便条写作便条写作便条内容简短，一般不需要分段，一段即可。便条内容
10、简短，一般不需要分段，一段即可。邀请类便条写作思路一般是：邀请类便条写作思路一般是：诚挚邀请对方参加某活动介绍活动的内容、时间、地点，相关内容再次发出邀请或者期待对方回复经典例经典例句：句：May I take this opportunity to invite you to.?Im writing to invite you to I am extending to you our formal invitation to.It gives me the greatest pleasure to invite you to.We would be very pleased if you c
11、ould honor us with your company.Anticipating your reply.We hope you can come and look forward to seeing you later.Step 3写写作作便条写作便条写作May 10thDear Alice,Im writing to invite you to watch the performance given by the Russian National Ballet Troupe.It will be performed in the National Grand Theater tomo
12、rrow evening.I am sure that you will be happy to watch it and I leave you a ticket.The performance will begin at 7 P.M.I will wait for you at the theater entrance.I hope you can come and look forward to seeing you later.Yours sincerely,TomStep4 检检 查查从以下方面进行修改：从以下方面进行修改：语法：语法：时态是时态是否否一致一致，主谓语主谓语是是否一否
13、一致致，名词，名词的的单复单复数数形式，形式，被动语态等。被动语态等。词汇：词汇：连接上下文的连接词使用是否正确连接上下文的连接词使用是否正确，单词单词拼拼写是写是否否出出 现低级错误等。现低级错误等。格式：格式：格式是否出现错误，标点符号是否格式是否出现错误，标点符号是否使使用错用错误误等。等。注意：注意：不要进行大篇幅的修改，更不要因不要进行大篇幅的修改，更不要因为为修改修改 破坏卷面的破坏卷面的整洁。整洁。便条写作便条写作便条写作便条写作道歉类道歉类写作思路：写作思路：1)错误的行为，2)具体原因，3)弥补方法，4)再次致歉。经典例句：经典例句：错误的行为 Im writing to e
14、xpress my apologies for Excuse me for my.弥补方法 I am sure I can make up the loss by I promise it will never happen again.I promise to make up my mistakes.再次致歉 Please forgive me.It would be very kind of you to give me another chance to Im thankful to you for overlooking my fault便条写作便条写作You didnt hand i
15、n your homework on time.Now you have to write a note to your teacher for apology in about 100 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of your email.范文：Dear Mr.Wang,Im writing to express my apologies for not being able to hand in my homework before thedeadline.I know that you must have been disapp
16、ointed.I also feel worried and anxious about this.The fact is that my computer broke down when Im finishing my homework.If my computer worked well last night,I would have handed in on schedule.I promise it will never happen again.It would be very kind of you to give me another chance to hand in anot
17、her homework.Please forgive me and I am waiting for your reply.Yours sincerely,Tom便条写作便条写作祝贺类祝贺类写作思路：写作思路：1)祝贺之事2)表示祝贺3)赞美之词4)忠心祝福（再次祝贺祝福未来）经典例句：经典例句：祝贺之事 Im so happy to learn that.表示祝贺 Please accept my warmest congratulations.Warm congratulations on赞美之词 You really deserve it because.I have been app
18、reciating your excellent performance in study and ability in your work.衷心祝福 You will have a brilliant future.Youll make greater progress Congratulations again and all good wishes for you.便条写作便条写作Please write a note of congratulations to your friend Wang Fang,who have done very well in the college en
19、trance exam and has been enrolled in China University of Petroleum.You should write approximately 100 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use“Wang Lin”instead.范文：May 10thIm so happy to learn that you have done very well in the college entrance exam this year and has been admitte
20、d into China University of Petroleum.Warm congratulations on your achievements.You really deserve it because you have paid hard work and sweat.I have been appreciating your excellent performance in study.You will have a brilliant future.Congratulations again and wish you make greater progress.Yours,
21、Wang LinDear Wang Fang,便条写作便条写作致谢写作思路：写作思路：1)致谢之事2)自己受到的益处3)再次致谢，表示回报 经典例句：经典例句：致谢之事 I am writing to express my gratitude to you for.I am writing to tell you how much I appreciate your hospitality.Thank you so much for your assistance you gave to me.再次致谢,表示回报Please accept my warmest thanks.I hope I
22、have the chance to reciprocate rsprket your kindness.便条写作便条写作Suppose your tutor Professor Wu gave you advices on the writing of the paper.Write him a note to show your gratitude.You should write approximately 100 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use“Wang Lin”instead.范文：May 10
23、thDear Professor Wu,I am writing to express my gratitude to you for your advices on the writing of my paper.Your guidance inspired me a lot and helped me complete the research paper.I couldnt have done it without your suggestions and encouragements.I have finished my research paper,and I owe it to y
24、our help.Please accept my warmest thanks.I hope I have the chance to reciprocate your help.Respectful yours,Wang Lin便条写作便条写作申申请请写作思路：写作思路：1)申请的内容2)符合的条件3)期待给予机会 经典例句：经典例句：Ive read your advertisement and Im very interested in.I am writing to apply for the vacant post of.advertised in.In reply to your
25、 advertisement in.,I beg to apply for the post of.in your company.I have learned from the newspaper that there is a vacancy for.I wish to become a graduate student in the Department of Economics at your university.I believe my education and experience qualify me for this position.I believe I have th
26、e necessary qualifications and experience needed for the position of.advertised in the paper.Ill greatly appreciate it if you can give me the chance.Enclosed is a copy of my resume,which should give you a broader picture of my experience.I hope I may be granted an interview when I can explain my qua
27、lification more fully.便条写作便条写作范文：May 10thDear Sirs,I am writing to apply for the vacant post of English teacher advertised in newspaper.I believe I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the position.Enclosed is a copy of my resume,which should give you a broader picture of my e
28、xperience.I would be greatly grateful if you would grant me a chance for an interview.Respectfully yours,Wang Lin通知写作通知写作通知是上级对通知是上级对下下级、级、组组织对成员或平织对成员或平行行单位单位之之间部署工间部署工作作、传达、传达事情事情或召开会议等所使或召开会议等所使用的用的应用应用文文。通知。通知要要 求言简意赅、措辞得当、时间及时。通知主要分为求言简意赅、措辞得当、时间及时。通知主要分为书面通知书面通知和和口头通知口头通知。标题标题正上方的正中位置应写标题，多正上方
29、的正中位置应写标题，多用用Notice（或或NOTICE）作作为标为标记记。书面书面通知通知正文正文“四多一少四多一少”原则原则四多：被动语态多，四多：被动语态多，将将来时来时态态多，多，简简单句单句多多，祈，祈使使句多。句多。一一少：修饰性词语少。少：修饰性词语少。四四“W”通知的开头要交代清楚活动的通知的开头要交代清楚活动的内内容、容、对对象、象、时时间和间和地地点。点。我们称之为四我们称之为四“W”，即：即：what，who，when，where层次清晰。一个层次表达一件事，层次清晰。一个层次表达一件事，切切忌在忌在一一个句个句子子中表中表达达多件多件事事情。情。称呼语称呼语被通知的单位
30、或人用第三人称。被通知的单位或人用第三人称。单位及日期单位及日期发出通知的人或单位的名称，一般发出通知的人或单位的名称，一般写写在标在标志志的上的上方方或在或在正正文后文后面面的右的右下下角。角。日期应写在最后一行的左下角，低日期应写在最后一行的左下角，低于于落款。落款。通知写作通知写作NOTICEThe sports meeting which was to take place this Saturday has to be put off because of the heavy rain these days.All students are required to come to s
31、chool on Saturday morning as usual,but there will be no class that afternoon.Weather permitting,the sports meeting will be held next Saturday morning.Members of the school basketball team must come to the stadium at 4:30 this Saturday afternoon.Basketball stars from America will come and givespecial
32、 training and coaching then.Office of Physical Education10th September,2009范文范文标题大写，居中正文上方多简单句 多被动句 多将来时态日期写在左下角，低于落款落款写下通知人或单位，位于右下角通知写作通知写作例题例题1：Your university is celebrating its 60th anniversary,and the Preparation Committee is planning to hold art exhibitions.As an organizer of the activity,you
33、 are making a call for works from all the teachers and students.Your notice should state:1)Who you represent and why you are looking for works2)What kind of works you are looking for,and3)When the deadline is and where the teachers and students should sendYou should write about 100 words.Do not sign
34、 your name at the end of the notice.Use“The 60th Anniversary Preparation Committee”instead.通知写作通知写作NOTICEIn celebration of the 60th anniversary of our university,the Preparation Committee has decided to hold art exhibitions with the theme of“Cohesion and Development”.All the teachers and students fr
35、om different departments are greatly encouraged to send your works.The works are expected to be a good display of achievements in the past sixty years and to show vigor of development in the future.The deadline for submission is September 10th,2016.Works should be sent directly to the Preparation Co
36、mmittees office on the 10th floor of the Administration Building.The 60th Anniversary Preparation CommitteeMay 10th,2016二、综合写作二、综合写作PETS-3 级级B节写作主要考查的是节写作主要考查的是“看文看文写写作作”。给给出一出一篇篇200250字的文章字的文章，先阅先阅读读文文章，总章，总结结中中心心思想，然思想，然后后根据根据文文章中心思章中心思想想发发表表 自自己己的的看看法法，写写一一篇篇120词左词左右右的的 作文，类似于作文，类似于“读后感读后感”。话题一般涉
37、及到与我们话题一般涉及到与我们生生活息息活息息 相关的社会现象和问题相关的社会现象和问题，比如教比如教 育、职业道德、身体健育、职业道德、身体健康康、家庭、家庭 关系、环境保护、人口关系、环境保护、人口增增长、文长、文 化交流等。化交流等。写作评分标准写作评分标准（1720分）分）完整性完整性包含所有要点，评论合理；包含所有要点，评论合理；准确性准确性原文理解完全准确；原文理解完全准确；语法结构和词汇准确，错误极少；语法结构和词汇准确，错误极少；连贯性连贯性有效使有效使用用多种多种衔衔接手法，接手法，内内容连容连贯流畅贯流畅，层次层次清清晰；晰；多样性多样性使用了丰富的语法结构和词汇，没使用了
38、丰富的语法结构和词汇，没有有完全完全抄抄写。写。第四档第四档第三档第三档第二档第二档 第一档第一档第五档第五档2015年年9月真题：月真题：Read the text below.Write an essay in about 120 words,in which you should summarized key points of thetext and make comments on them.Try to use your own words.Lori Schneider knows a few things about fear.“We were crossing a ridge
39、that dropped off 8,000 feet on both sides,”says the 53-year-old climber of ascending Mount Everest last spring.“The wind was blowing at 60 miles an hour.If there was ever a moment to panic,this was it.”But she didnt.An hour later,she reached the peakthe last step in her personal challenge to scale t
40、he highest mountains on all seven continents.Ten years earlier,shed come face-to-face with a different type of fear,when she was unable to feel anything in the right side of her body.After learning she had multiple sclerosis(MS)a serious illness that gradually makes a person weak and unable to move
41、or see,she left her marriage,job,and home:“I ran from my whole life.”It was just before climbing South Americas Mount Aconcagua in 2000 that she set her sights on the Seven Summits.After training by pulling 50-pound bags of dog food up the ski slopes near her home,she topped Europes Mount Elbrus in
42、2002,North Americas McKinley in 2006,and Australias Kosciuszko and Antarcticas Vinson Massif in 2008.Shed scaled Africas Kilimanjaro in 1993.That left Asias Everest,the highest of all.And there she stood,on a ridge at 28,000 feet.“When I trained,I told myself to take one step at a time by spelling o
43、ut word”she says.“So I spelled out Dont let fear in.”It got her to the top.Shes the first person with MS to conquer the Seven Summits.With her condition stable,she plans a return toKilimanjarothis time with 15 others with MS by her side.仔细分析题干给出的信仔细分析题干给出的信 息和任务要求，重点阅息和任务要求，重点阅 读文章读文章的的首末段或段落首末段或段落
44、的首末句。的首末句。切忌切忌“提笔就写提笔就写”！1审题审题列出文章基本框架：列出文章基本框架：分几段？每段写什么？分几段？每段写什么？总共写几句话？总共写几句话？2列提纲列提纲根据列好的提纲，套用根据列好的提纲，套用 经典句型，句子之间用经典句型，句子之间用 连接词衔接，同义词之连接词衔接，同义词之 间注意变化。间注意变化。写作写作3检查句子的时态、语态、检查句子的时态、语态、主谓一致、单词拼写和主谓一致、单词拼写和 标点符号等。标点符号等。4检查检查答题流程答题流程Step1审题审题审题干要求：审题干要求：先总结文章主要观点，再发表自己先总结文章主要观点，再发表自己的的观点。观点。审文章内
45、容：审文章内容：启发性故事、启发性故事、社会热点现象等；社会热点现象等；文章的中心思想是什么？（首末段文章的中心思想是什么？（首末段、段落段落首首末句）末句）什么人干了什么事，带来什么启发？什么人干了什么事，带来什么启发？Step2列提纲列提纲 120词词控制在控制在1214句话之间。句话之间。总结文章观点总结文章观点简明扼要总结文章的主要观点简明扼要总结文章的主要观点总结模板：什么人做了什么事带来总结模板：什么人做了什么事带来了了什么什么启启发。发。（34句话句话，40个词）个词）表达自己观点表达自己观点层次清晰，分点论述，连贯流畅，层次清晰，分点论述，连贯流畅，富富于变于变化化。（使用连接
46、词、固定句式、同义替（使用连接词、固定句式、同义替换换）列提纲列提纲Step2第一段第一段 首先，勇气。首先，勇气。有勇气会有勇气会.没有勇气会没有勇气会.其次，精神力量。其次，精神力量。相信自己，就会相信自己，就会.举例说明。举例说明。总而言之，勇气、精神总而言之，勇气、精神力力量、量、乐乐观。观。只有这样才只有这样才.Lori Schneider虽身患虽身患MS疾病疾病，但是征但是征服服了了7座高座高峰峰。最令我印象深刻的是她最令我印象深刻的是她面面对困对困难难的方的方式式。你会问怎么才能战胜恐你会问怎么才能战胜恐惧惧呢？呢？第第 句总结文章，点明句总结文章，点明文章的中心；文章的中心；第
47、第句提出自己的观点或句提出自己的观点或 话题。话题。第二段第二段第第句写论点句写论点1；第第句，分别从正反两句，分别从正反两 方面阐述分论点方面阐述分论点1。第三段第三段第第句写分论点句写分论点2；第第句，改写第句，改写第句；句；第第句，例证句，例证最后，乐观。最后，乐观。乐观有力量。乐观有力量。乐观有益处。乐观有益处。第四段第四段第第句写分论点句写分论点3；第第句句重重复改复改写写第第句。句。第五段第五段第第句总结自句总结自己己的观的观点点；第第句呼应自句呼应自己己的观的观点点。The story that Lori Schneider,a 53-year-old woman who had
48、 multiple sclerosis,conquered the Seven Summits inspires me a lot.What impresses me most is the way she overcomes the fear when she is confronted with difficulties.You may wonder how to overcome the fear?We should face to the troubles with courage.If we have courage,we can realize all our dreams.If
49、we are in panic,the chance of success will slip away.Do not ever underestimate spiritual strength.If you believe in yourself strongly enough,you really can make miracles.Just like Lori Schneider did,tell“Dont let fear in”to yourself repeatedly,and you will not afraid of anything.Keep optimistic rega
50、rdless of adversities.The power of maintaining optimistic is undeniable.It is beneficial for us to think in a positive way.In a word,we should be a man of courage,belief and optimism.Only then can we overcomeany fear in any given situation.这篇作文写得如何？怎么改？这篇作文写得如何？怎么改？The story that Lori Schneider,a 53
