1、选修选修8 8Unit 1Unit 1A land of diversityA land of diversity基础知识基础知识梳理梳理考点知识考点知识导练导练基础知识基础知识梳理梳理 抓主干抓主干固双基固双基单单词词拓拓展展 majoritymajority1.1.n.n.大多数大多数;大半大半 vi.vi.专修专修;主攻主攻 adj.adj.主要的主要的 2.2.vi.vi.发生发生;出现出现 n.n.发生的事发生的事 3.3.vt.&n.vt.&n.租用租用;雇用雇用4.4.vt.vt.选择选择;选举某人选举某人 n.n.当选当选;选举选举5.5.vt.vt.指出指出;表明表明;暗示暗
2、示 n.n.迹象迹象 majormajoroccuroccuroccurrenceoccurrencehirehireelectelectelectionelectionindicateindicateindicationindication单单词词拓拓展展 6.6.n.n.申请人申请人 v.v.申请申请;使用使用;应用应用 n.n.申请申请 7.7.n.n.海关海关;关税关税 n.n.风俗风俗;习惯习惯 n.n.顾客顾客,客户客户8.8.adj.adj.显而易见的显而易见的 adv.adv.显而易见地显而易见地 9.9.vi.vi.滑动滑动;滑行滑行 n.n.滑动滑动;滑倒滑倒 n.n.拖鞋
3、拖鞋 applicantapplicantapplyapplyapplicationapplicationcustomscustomscustomcustomcustomercustomerapparentapparentapparentlyapparentlyslipslipslipperslipper单单词词拓拓展展 10.10.v.&n.v.&n.改革改革;改造改造 n.n.改革者改革者;革新者革新者 11.11.n.n.手段手段;方法方法12.12.vt.&n.vt.&n.抓住抓住;掌握掌握13.13.adv.adv.无处无处;到处都无到处都无14.authority 14.autho
4、rity n.n.15.percentage 15.percentage n.n.16.boom 16.boom n.n.reformreformreformerreformermeansmeansgraspgraspnowherenowhere权威权威;权力权力百分比百分比;百分率百分率(人口、贸易的人口、贸易的)繁荣繁荣短短语语记记忆忆1.take 1.take 包括包括;吸收吸收2.2.great/good many great/good many许多许多;很多很多3.team up 3.team up 与与合作或一起工作合作或一起工作4.make 4.make life life 习惯
5、于新的生活方式、工作等习惯于新的生活方式、工作等5.by means 5.by means .用用办法办法;借助借助6.keep 6.keep 维持维持;坚持坚持;沿袭沿袭(风俗、传统等风俗、传统等)7.live 7.live 继续存在继续存在;继续生存继续生存8.back 8.back back back 背靠背背靠背9.mark 9.mark 用线画出范围用线画出范围;标出标出界线界线10.apply 10.apply 申请申请;请示得到请示得到 inina awithwitha aofofupuponontotooutoutforfor句句型型整整理理1.1.today over 40%
6、of Californians speak today over 40%of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.Spanish as a first or second language.这就是今天超过这就是今天超过40%40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言 的原因。的原因。2.However,2.However,Native Americans were Native Americans were living in California at least f
7、ifteen thousand years ago.living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而然而,很可能至少在很可能至少在15 00015 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。ThatThatisiswhywhyititisislikelylikelythatthat考点知识考点知识导练导练 解疑难解疑难提知能提知能1.means n.C1.means n.C方法方法;手段手段(单复数同形单复数同形)归纳拓展归纳拓展by means of by means of 用用办法办法
8、;借助借助by all means by all means 当然可以当然可以;一定一定;务必务必;尽一切办法尽一切办法by this means by this means 通过这种方式通过这种方式by any means by any means 无论如何无论如何by no means by no means 决不决不;一点都不一点都不(位于句首时位于句首时,句子需用部分句子需用部分 倒装倒装)高考运用高考运用:完成句子完成句子But he is providing a few years during which the farmers But he is providing a few
9、 years during which the farmers will,will,perhaps,be able to find perhaps,be able to find (其其他他 适应的办法适应的办法).().(20172017江苏江苏,阅读理解阅读理解D D)(尽一切办法尽一切办法),we should take),we should take immediate immediate action to protect our environment.action to protect our environment.Can you solve the problem Can y
10、ou solve the problem (用这种方法用这种方法)?)?It is It is (一点都不一点都不)certain that the)certain that the gamegame will take place.will take place.答案答案:other means of adaptingother means of adaptingBy all meansBy all meansby this meansby this meansby no meansby no means词语辨析词语辨析:meansmeans表示表示“方法、手段、工具方法、手段、工具”,常与
11、介词常与介词byby搭配。搭配。methodmethod指做某事的具体步骤或程序指做某事的具体步骤或程序,也指系统的、抽象的原理也指系统的、抽象的原理,常与常与介词介词withwith搭配。搭配。wayway是最通用的词是最通用的词,本意是本意是“通路通路”,引申作引申作“方式、方法方式、方法”讲讲,含含义很广。常与介词义很广。常与介词inin搭配。搭配。approachapproach也有也有“方法方法,步骤步骤,途径途径”的意思。它侧重指待人接物或思考的意思。它侧重指待人接物或思考问题的方式问题的方式,常与介词常与介词toto搭配。搭配。I like her approach to the
12、 problem.I like her approach to the problem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。All possible means have been tried.All possible means have been tried.所有可行的方法都试过了。所有可行的方法都试过了。Mr.Su adopted a new method of teaching.Mr.Su adopted a new method of teaching.苏老师采用了一种新的教学方法。苏老师采用了一种新的教学方法。Animals communicate in var
13、ious ways.Animals communicate in various ways.动物用各种不同的方式交流。动物用各种不同的方式交流。特别提示特别提示:meansmeans用作用作“方式方式,方法方法”讲时单复数同形。若讲时单复数同形。若all/some/several/all/some/several/many meansmany means作主语作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。若谓语动词用复数形式。若every/each/one/a meansevery/each/one/a means作主语作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。谓语动词用单数形式。2.majority n.2.majorit
14、y n.大多数大多数;大半大半归纳拓展归纳拓展the majority of.the majority of.大多数的大多数的major in major in 主修主修in the majority in the majority 占多数占多数 高考运用高考运用:完成句子完成句子答案答案:the majoritythe majorityThe majority ofThe majority ofwere in the majoritywere in the majorityFor example,if you look at the audience at a classical conce
15、rt,For example,if you look at the audience at a classical concert,(绝大多数绝大多数)is over the age of fifty.)is over the age of fifty.(大多数的大多数的)them take an online language)them take an online language test before starting their programme.(test before starting their programme.(20162016天津天津,阅读理解阅读理解A A)Youn
16、g people Young people (占了多数占了多数)at the meeting.)at the meeting.特别提示特别提示:当当a/the majority ofa/the majority of作主语时作主语时,谓语动词的数与谓语动词的数与ofof后的名词保持后的名词保持一致。一致。当当the majoritythe majority单独作主语时单独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数都可以。谓语动词用单复数都可以。3.occur vi.3.occur vi.发生发生;出现出现归纳拓展归纳拓展It occurs to sb.to do sth.It occurs to sb.to
17、do sth.某人想起做某事某人想起做某事 sth.occurs to sb.sth.strikes es into ones mind.It occurs to sb.thatclauseIt strikes sb.thatclause某人突然想起高考运用高考运用:完成句子完成句子答案答案:occuroccurIt occurred to meIt occurred to meoccurred to himoccurred to himA great decline in young work force is likely to A great decline in young work
18、force is likely to (发生发生)in China,for instance.(in China,for instance.(20172017江苏卷江苏卷)(我突然想起我突然想起)to visit my parents.)to visit my parents.It suddenly It suddenly (他突然想到他突然想到)that he had)that he had left his keys in the office.left his keys in the office.写作联想写作联想:高考运用其他表达方式高考运用其他表达方式It struck me tha
19、tIt struck me that I should visit my parents.I should visit my parents.It occurred to me thatIt occurred to me that I should visit my parents.I should visit my parents.特别提示特别提示:表达表达“发生发生”之意时之意时,occur,occur与与happenhappen可以互换可以互换;另外另外occur,happen,occur,happen,take place,break outtake place,break out等表
20、示等表示“发生发生;爆发爆发”的单词或短语都不能用于被动语的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态或进行时态。态或进行时态。occuroccur结构中主语不能是人结构中主语不能是人,而是想到的事情或而是想到的事情或itit。4.take in4.take in包括包括;吸收吸收;理解理解;欺骗欺骗;收留收留归纳拓展归纳拓展take aparttake apart拆开拆开;剖析剖析take on take on 呈现呈现;开始雇用开始雇用take up take up 占去占去,占据占据;开始从事开始从事take away take away 拿走拿走;消除消除(病痛等病痛等)take down take
21、 down 记下来记下来;拆掉拆掉take overtake over接管接管;接替接替 高考运用高考运用:语法填空语法填空答案答案:ininononupupNext time you take a walk,no matter where it is,take Next time you take a walk,no matter where it is,take allall the sights,sounds and sensations.(the sights,sounds and sensations.(20182018天津天津,阅读理解阅读理解D D)Some insects ta
22、ke Some insects take the color of their surroundings to the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.protect themselves.Peter will take Peter will take his post as the head of the travelhis post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.agency at the end of next month.5.team
23、 up with5.team up with与与合作或一起工作合作或一起工作归纳拓展归纳拓展catch up withcatch up with赶上赶上put up withput up with忍受忍受end up withend up with以以结束结束come up withcome up with想出想出 高考运用高考运用:完成句子完成句子答案答案:team up withteam up withcatch up withcatch up withput up withput up withended up ended up withwithWhy dont you Why dont
24、 you (与与合作合作)Helen for the next part?)Helen for the next part?They had encouraged Mac to carry on,and they would They had encouraged Mac to carry on,and they would (赶赶 上上)him soon.()him soon.(20172017浙江卷浙江卷)I cannot I cannot (忍受忍受)such hot weather any longer.)such hot weather any longer.The meeting
25、The meeting (以以结束结束)an encouraging)an encouraging song.song.6.That is why today over 40%of Californians speak Spanish as a 6.That is why today over 40%of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.first or second language.这就是今天超过这就是今天超过40%40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二
26、语言的原因。归纳拓展归纳拓展That/This is/was why.That/This is/was why.那那/这就是为什么这就是为什么(why(why 从句表示结果从句表示结果)That/This is/was because.That/This is/was because.那那/这是因为这是因为 (because (because从句表示原因从句表示原因)The reason why.is/was that.The reason why.is/was that.的原因是的原因是 (表语从句常用表语从句常用thatthat引导引导,而不用而不用because)because)答案答案
27、:whywhybecausebecausewhy;is thatwhy;is thatNot everyone acts the same in response to events,and that is Not everyone acts the same in response to events,and that is what triggers one person may or may notwhat triggers one person may or may not trigger another.(trigger another.(20182018北京北京,七选五七选五)Tom came late for the meeting.That was Tom came late for the meeting.That was he was ill.he was ill.The reason The reason the students favor the first onethe students favor the first one they can carry it with them wherever they go.they can carry it with them wherever they go.高考运用高考运用:语法填空语法填空
