1、一虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中bewere）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in
2、 the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时should +动词原形were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.P.S 虚拟条件句的特殊情况(1). 混合/错综型虚拟语气当条件状
3、语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为错综条件句，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在)If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在，主句是过去)（2）省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。If it should happen, what would you do? Should it h
4、appen, what would you do?If he had recognized me, he would have come over. Had he recognized me, he would have come over.(3) 含蓄虚拟条件句有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语，连词或其他形式表示。常用的词或短语有：without, with, but for(要是没有), otherwise, or, but等。Without your help(=If we had not had your help), we could not
5、have succeeded.But for electricity(=If there were no electricity, there would be no modern industry.He felt very tired yesterday, or/ otherwise he would have attended the party.(4) 在if it were( had been )not for .句型中的虚拟语气虚拟语气也常用于if it were/(had been) not for .句型中，意为要不是由于。If it were not for peace, we
6、 could not be living a happy life today.If it had not been for your timely help, I would have gone bankrupt.二虚拟语气用在名词性从句中1.主语从句中的虚拟语气这种虚拟语气主要用在it is+形容词（名词，过去分词）+that+主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）这种结构中。 常见的这类形容词有：advisable, anxious, better, desirable, surprising, natural, necessary, strange, important,
7、 regretful. 常见的这类过去分词有：decided, demanded, recommended, requested, desired, required, ordered, suggested. 常见的这类名词有：duty, pity, no surprise, no wonder, regret, shame.It was suggested that he（should）join the club activities.It is strange (surprising, disappointing) that she (should) not have been invit
8、ed.It is a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer.2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气wish 后面所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为要是，但愿就好了），其形式主要有三种：表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish后接一般过去时的从句表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish后接过去完成时/should，could have done表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish后接would，could+动词原形Iwish it were spring all year round.I wish it would be fine tomorrow.She wished
9、she had stayed at home.在表示建议，命令，要求等动词后的从句要用(should)+动词原形。此类动词有：suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, insist（要求）, order, prefer, command, ask, request.The teacher ordered that all the books (should) be handed in on time.P.S. 当suggest表示暗示，说明之意；insist表示坚持认为，坚持说之意时，从句不用虚拟，用正常的陈述语气。The man insisted
10、that he had never stolen the money.The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with life.3. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议，命令，要求的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词要用（should）+动词原形。常见名词有：advice, desire, request, demand, proposal, suggestion, preference, requirement, order.He gave orders that the guests (should) be
11、 hospital entertained.His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits.三虚拟语气在其他情况中的使用1.在as if/ as though引导的状语从句中，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。其形式如下：主语+as if/ though +主语+一般过去时（从句的动作与主句同时发生）主语+as if/ though +主语+would/could+动词原形（从句的动作相对主句来说在将来发生）主语+as if/ though +主语+过去完成时（从句的动作先发生于主句动作之前）He talks as if h
12、e knew all about it.She speaks English well as if he had studied in America.He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad.2.在it is (high) time that 句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should +动词原形，表示早该做而没做的事，含建议的意味。It is time that we went home.P.S.此句型中，注意与It/This is the +序数词+time that+现在完成式的区别。This is the fi
13、rst time that I have been here.3.would rather后接动词原形，但接从句时要用虚拟语气（宁愿，但愿）。Would rather +主语+一般过去时（表示与现在或将来相反）Would rather +主语+过去完成时（表示与过去相反）Id rather he didnt go now.Id rather you hadnt done it.4. if only后接从句也用虚拟语气，其形式与wish的用法一致。5. 动词hope, intend, mean, plan, want, think等词用过去完成的形式，表示的意思为本想，本打算，本认为He had
14、 meant to buy the furniture last week, but it rained.高考虚拟语气专项练习60题1. If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie2. How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.A. has B. had C. will have D. had had3. You did
15、 not let me drive. If we _in turn, you _ so tired A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt get C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven ; wouldnt have got4. _it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu BridgeA. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will5. I suggested the person _ to be pu
16、t into prisonA. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken7. I insisted _to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing _ wrong with him A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he
17、go; was D. he should to; is8. -Your aunt invites you to the movies today-I would rather she _ me tomorrow than todayA. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told9. -Would you have called her up ?-Yes, but I _busy doing my homeworkA. was B. were C. had been D. would be 10. I was ill that day, otherwise
18、I _ the sports meetA. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in 11. _the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easilyA. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for12. If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me fro
19、m goingA. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would preventC. were, prevent D. were, would have prevented 13. _hard, he would have passed the examA. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D. Were he to work14. _today, he would get there by FridayA. Were he to leave B. If he ha
20、d left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left15. Had you listened to the doctor, you _all right nowA. are B. were C. would be D. would have been16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brotherA. has come B. did come C. come D. had come17. He _busy yesterday, or he _yo
21、u with your experiment.A. was, had helped B. was, would have helped C. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped18. If it _for the snow, we_ the mountain yesterdayA. were not, could have climb B. were not, could climb C. had not been, could have climbed D. hadnt been, could climb 19. Wi
22、thout electricity, human life _quite difficult todayA. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be20. -I am going to tell her the news-I would as soon as you _her about it A. didnt tell B. dont tell C. hadnt tell D. wont tell21. Mikes father, as well as his mother, insisted he _homeA. stayed B. cou
23、ld stay C. has stayed D. stay22. It was requested that the play _againA. should put on B. would put on C. be put on D. put on23. She insisted that a doctor _ immediatelyA. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent24. -Did you scold him for his carelessness-Yes, but _itA. Id rather not do B. Id
24、 rather not have done C. I should t do D. Id better not do25. If only I _my carA. hadnt lost B. wouldnt lose C. didnt lose D. havent lost26. But for water, it _impossible to live in the earthA. is B. would be C. were D. wouldnt be27. I would rather you _anything about it for the time beingA. do B. d
25、idnt do C. dont D. didnt28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he _ their own sonA. is B. were C. had been D. should be29. How the old people wish that they _young once moreA. were B. could become C. had been D. should be30. It is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss th
26、is problemA. hold B. held C. have held D. had held31. The thief closed his eyes _ he _dyingA. even if , was B. though, would be C. even, had been D. as if, were32. I wish that you _ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concertA. had not B. did not have had C. hadnt h
27、ad D. hadnt have33. The chairman insisted that we _the question againA. will discuss B. to discuss C. should discuss D. will be discussed34. He requested that the students _them get in cropsA. help B. to help C. helped D. helping35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _the rulesA. obeys B.
28、 Obey C. will obey D. would obey36. I wish I _here thenA. was B. had been C. were D. would be37. It is strange that he _back so earlyA. came B. will come C. had come D. should have come38. Mother suggested that I _my homework first before watching TVA. did B. do C. shall do D. have done39. My sugges
29、tion is that the meeting _off till nest SundayA. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put40. He is talking so much about America as if he _ thereA. had been B. has been C. was D. been41. The teacher demanded that the exam _ before elevenA. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must b
30、e finished42. -Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to-Dont call me “Joe”, I am Mr. Parker to you, and _ you forget it!A. do B. didnt C. did D. dont 43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I _ but I _ all this morningA. would, have washed B. could, have been washing C. would have, have been washing
31、D. could have, had washing44. How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worseA. had tried B. hadnt tried C. have tried D. didnt try45. -How could I thank you enough? -Dont mention it. Any other man _itA. must do B. could do C. would have done D. should have done46. Key European governments
32、insist Iraqs co-operation _ good and military action_ to allow inspections to continueA. be, be delayed B. is, delay C. should be, be delayed D. is , be delayed47. If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, _more deathsA. it would have been B. it would be C. there would be D. there would hav
33、e been48. What the customers_ from the company is that the goods _ right to their homes.A. requested, deliver B. demand, be delivered C. request, should deliver D. demand, delivered49. If law-breakers _ the society will be in disorder A. made unpunished B. came unpunished C. went unpunished D. not p
34、unished50. We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we _lateA. would be B. were C. will be D. would have been51. Supposing he never _, what would happen thenA. come B. came C. would come D. will come52. What do you think his proposal that we _ a play at the English meetingA. had put on B. should put
35、 on C. have put on D. will put on53. I hope that you _ rightA. will be B. should be C. were D. would be54. As you know, I am a disabled man, but I would be happy if I _of service to youA. am B. have been C. should be D. would be55. He insisted that we _early the next morningA. start B. started C. wo
36、uld start D. had started56. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brotherA. has come B. did come C. had come D. came57. We _last night, but we went to the cinema insteadA. must have studied B. might study C. would study D. would have studied58. If it _the snow, we
37、 _the Simian Mountain last weekA. were not, could have climbed B. were not, could climb C. had not been , could have climbed D. had not been, could climb59. If only I _ my watch! A. hadnt lost B. havent lost C. didnt lost D. dont lose 60. You _ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice. A. may not make B. might not make C. shouldnt have made D. might not have made CBDBC CCBAA DABAC DBCDADCCBA BBBAB DCCAB BDBAACDCBC DDBDD BBAAA CDCAD
