1、高考英语情态动词真题汇编(含答案)及解析一、单项选择情态动词1One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.AmightBcouldCshallDwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我们其中一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。shall可以表示“命令，警告，强制要求；允诺；法律，规定要做”，结合句意可知C正确。2Did you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?Yes, but I d
2、ont think I _ because my director was there.Aneed to haveBneed toCneeded toDneed have【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：你昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗?是的，但我想我（本来）不需要，因为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等宾语从句中如果有否定词时，要把从句的否定词not前移，即“否定前移”。所以not是从句中的否定词。“need have done”意为“本来有必要做而未做”；“neednt have done”指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据上一句时间状语“yest
3、erday”可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句“because my director was there(我的主管)在”可推断出，我本来不必要去。故选D。3Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I _ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.Ashould have doneBneed have doneCwould have doneDmust have done【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have
4、done。句意：坦率地说，我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事，这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事，而实际上没有做某事；B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做；C. would have done虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”；D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”。由“in the old days”可知，本句表示对过去事情的假设。故选C项。4Its already 11 oclock , and he _ have been here half an hour
5、ago.Maybe he got caught in the rain.AmustBought toCmayDcan【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：已经11点了，他半小时前就该到了。A. must have done必定做了（表示对过去的推测）；B. ought to have done 本应该做的；C. may have done可能已经做过某事；D. can have done本来可以做的（但没有做），根据题意，故选B。5-Can I pay the bill by credit card?-Sorry, sir. But it is the management rules
6、 of our hotel that payment _ be made in cash.AshallBneedCwillDmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。A. shall用于法律法规或条文中，表示义务、规定等；B. need需要；C. will会；D. must必须。句意：我能用信用卡支付么？对不起，先生，现金支付是我们酒店的管理规定。故A项正确。6Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.AneedntBwouldntCmustntDcouldnt【答
7、案】A【解析】 考查情态动词。needt have done 本不必要做某事，句意：迈克本不必要着急的。他以全速驾驶后，他早到了半个小时。wouldnt不会，mustnt禁止，couldnt不可能，所以选A。7It has been announced that all the students _ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus.AshallBwillCneedDmay【答案】A【解析】【详解】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：所有学生们应在去学校之前带上口罩以防感染非典病毒
8、，这已经被宣布。shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁，故选A项。8I feel a little nervous.Take it easy. You _ have difficulty passing the exam when you have prepared for it well.AmustntBneedntCmay notDshouldnt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我觉得有点紧张。不要着急。当你准备充分时，通过考试应该不会有困难。A. mustnt禁止，不允许；B. neednt不必；C. may not可能不会；D. should
9、nt不应该。结合句意可知答案为D。9Whats wrong with you?Oh, I am sick. I _ so much ice cream just now.Ashouldnt eatBmustnt eatCcouldnt have eatenDshouldnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：你怎么了？我生病了，我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldnt eat不应该吃；B. mustnt eat禁止吃；C. couldnt have eaten不可能吃；D. shouldnt have eaten本来不应该吃。根据just n
10、ow可知，是发生在过去，故选D。10Traveling by subway _ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.AmustBcanCshallDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须；一定；B. can能够；可能；C. shall将会；D. should应该；应当。本句中can表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力），故选B。11He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he _ be qui
11、te charming when he wishes.AshallBshouldCcanDmust【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”，故C项正确。12It is really cold and the ground is wet; it _ have rained last night.AmightBmustCcanDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知，“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，
12、故用must have done“必定做了”表示对过去十分有把握的推测，故选B。【点睛】must have done用法辨析must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生，他对医学如此了解。Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. 该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.The temperature must have dropped to bel
13、ow zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下，因为水都冻住了。如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如：They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了，现在肯定已经到了。中国学生的常见病句是：They.; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达
14、了。”（这不是对过去的肯定推测，而是断定动作已经完成。）13Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week.Aneed have practisedBmight practiseCmust have practisedDcould practise【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。14I have something important to tell
15、 John. But I cant find him.His cell phone is here, so he _ have gone too far.AmustntBneedntCwouldntDcant【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能，用cant have done。故选D。15Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. _ they wait here or outside?AMayBShould
16、CShallDWill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查Shall的用法。句意：贝克先生，有些学生想见你。他们是在这里等还是在外面等?Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。故选C。【点睛】Shall的用法Shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。Shall后面接动词原形。例如：（1）I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。常
17、考的特殊用法1. Shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening?2. Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson?When shall he be able to leave the hospital?3. Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：You shall fail if you dont work harder. （警告）He shall have the book when I finish rea
18、ding. （允诺）He shall be punished. （威胁）16Most of the top leaders expressed a common desire at the UN conference, _ that different cultures _ coexist with tolerance.Athe one ; mustBthe one ; shouldCone ; mustDone ; should【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查替代和情态动词。句意：大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达
19、了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。替代表泛指的单数名词，通常用one替代。此处用one替代前面的a desire，是同位语；结合句意第二空用情态动词should“应该”。故选D。【点睛】that ,it ,one 代指前面的名词时的用法1.one 指代前面出现的可数名词，是泛指。可以和冠词连用，也可以有自己的定语。一般不能用做特指，但和定冠词连用时可以是特指。如： Please show me the cup, the red one on the shelf. 2.It 指代前面提到的单数名词，相当于the one。当one是泛指的时候，指的是同名异物，it是指同一物体.如： -
20、Do you want the cup ? -Yes ,I want it. 3.that通常用来代替前面出现的可数名词不可数名词,主要是用来避免重复。如： The weather of Guangzhou is hotter than that of Beijing.17It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock.AmustntBcantCwontDneednt【答案】B【解析】D考查虚拟语气。句意：不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。mustnt 禁止，不允许；cant 不可能；wont 不愿意，就是不，偏不；neednt 不需要
21、。18I love the weekend, because I _ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.AmustntBneedntCwouldntDshouldnt【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为周六周日不必早起。A. mustnt不能，禁止；B. neednt不必；C. wouldnt不会；D. shouldnt不应该。此处表示“不必”，故B项正确。19Peter searched all the places where he_have left her iPad but it was all in vain.Ami
22、ghtBwouldCmustDshould【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：彼得找遍了所有他可能放她的iPad的地方，但都没有找到。A. might可能；B. would将会；C. must必须，一定；D. should应该。might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。故选A。20Well make the final decision on our scheme. _ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.AShouldBWereCWou
23、ldDHad【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：If you should change your mind。故选A。【点睛】虚拟语气中的倒装当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：1）If he should fail, he would kill himself.Should he fail, he would kill h
24、imself.万一失败，他就会自杀。2）If I were you, I would do it at once.Were I you, I would do it at once.假若我是你，我就会马上做。要是我能做此事，我一定会做。3）If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚
25、拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。21 Jim _ what I said annoying though he didnt say anything. So you mean you will have to apologize to him?Amust findBmight findCshould have foundDmust have found【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查must have done结构。句意：吉姆一定觉得我说的
26、话很让人烦，尽管他什么也没说。所以你是说你得向他道歉？根据“though he didnt say anything.”可知此处表示对过去事情的肯定推测，用must have done表示“过去一定做了”，故D项正确。22Tom, you _ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!AwouldntBmustntCneedntDmay not【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：汤姆，你不要把所有的衣服都这样扔在地板上! A. wouldnt 不会； B. mustnt 禁止；C. neednt不需要；D. may not不可以。
27、本句为祈使句，所以mustnt “禁止”符合句意。故选B项。23Skills like critical thinking and analysis _ be found on the Internet, because they must be acquired in the context of facts.AcantBneedntCmustntDshouldnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：像批判性思维和分析这样的能力，是不能在互联网上找到的，因为它们必须基于事实来获得。A. cant无法，不可能；B. neednt不需要；C. mustnt不可以，禁止；D. s
28、houldnt不应该。本题讲的是这种批判性思维的能力无法通过浏览鱼龙混杂的网上信息获得，表达的是客观上的不可能，故选A。24_ you disturb me now? Im busy preparing a report. Terribly sorry, but I have something urgent to tell you.ANeedBShouldCMightDMust【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词特殊用法。句意：你非要现在打扰我吗？我正在准备一份报告。真对不起，但是我怕有紧急事情告诉你。A. Need需要；B. Should 应该；C. Might也许；D. Must必须；
29、一定；偏偏，非得；根据语境可知must表示“偏偏，非得”符合上下文语境，用来指责对方。故D项正确。25It turned out that the hotel was so near. I _ the taxi.Aneednt have takenBmust have takenCshould takeDcould take【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：结果证明这家宾馆非常近。我本不必乘坐出租车。neednt have done表示“本不必做某事实际上做了”，根据句意，旅馆很近不用乘坐出租车，但是乘车了。故选A。26-Is Jack still in hospital?-Yes
30、. He _ the bad food.Awouldnt eatBshouldnt eatCwouldnt have eatenDshouldnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意;-杰克孩子医院吗？-是，他本不应该吃坏的食物的。因为是过去吃了坏食物，所以排除AB，这里的shouldnt have done表示“过去本不应该做而做了”，wouldnt have done过去本不会做而做了，所以选D。考点：考查情态动词和虚拟语气27-Mary knows the city quite well.-She_ well have been there before.AneedBc
31、ouldCshouldDmay【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：Mary非常了解这个城市。她肯定以前在那里呆过。may have done过去可能做过某事。表示对过去的肯定猜测。need have done本需要做某事却没做；could have done本可以做某事却没做；should have done本应该做某事却没做。故选D。28Im sorry, but you _ go wrong. Theres no such man here.AneedBcanCmustDwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：很抱歉，但是你一定是弄错了。这儿没有这么个人
32、。A. need需要；B. can能够；C. must必须；D. will将会。must指有把握的推测，“一定；必定”，结合下文Theres no such man here.可知一定是弄错了。故选C。29-We want someone to design the new art museum for me.-_ the young fellow have a try?AShallBMayCWillDNeed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们想找人为我设计一个新的艺术博物馆。是不是让这位年轻小伙子试一试？shall作为情态动词,用于二三人称,表示询问，警告，允诺，命令，决心，
33、强制等语气。will作为情态动词，用于主语是各种人称的陈述句中，表示意愿和倾向。用于第二人称的疑问句中，表请求。故选A。30We _ take clean drinking water for granted. One day we may run out of it.AneedntBcantCwontDshouldnt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。也许有一天，我们会用完它。shouldnt“不应该”，符合句意。neednt不必；cant不可能；wont将不。故选D。31Every coin has two sides. Beaut
34、iful songs, sometimes, _ just be noise to others.AmustBshouldCmayDwould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：任何事物都有两面性。美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。A. must一定，表示肯定推测；B. should应该；C. may也许，可能；D. would将会，表示对将来的推测。分析句子可知，此处应该表示可能的推测，“美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。”。结合选项，故选C。32- Oh, my God! I just missed the last bus back home.- Thats r
35、eally bad. Im sure you _ it, but you just didnt hurry up.Ahad caughtBcould have caughtCcould catchDcan catch【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：哦,我的上帝!我刚好错过了回家的末班车。这是非常糟糕的。我肯定你能赶上，但你就是不抓紧。could have done“本来能做而没有做”。故选B。33- Did Jim come?- I dont know. He _ while I was out.Amight have comeBmight comeCmu
36、st have comeDshould have come【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词推测用法。句意：Jim来了吗？-我不知道，在我不在的时候，可能来过。根据前文I dont know.可知，说话者不知道Jim来没来，因此后文推测来过，但是语气很不确定，故可知选A。对过去情况的推测 为情态动词+have done，must have done 一定做了某事，should have done 应该来过，不符合，故选A。【点睛】情态动词+have+过去分词的用法，表示推测或判断过去的情况。can/could+have+过去分词用法：多用于否定句和疑问句中。表示对过去某事发生的可能性的否定
37、或质疑，意为：不可能（已经）.了-（否定句）/可能（已经）.了嘛？-（疑问句）用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有轻微的责备，意为：本来可以.的（但实际上没有.）。You could have done better, but you were too careless.（肯定句。他能做得更好的）should/ought to+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有责备的意思，意为：本来应该.的（但实际上没有.）。用于否定句中-表示对过去已经做了某事的责备，意为：本来不应该.的（但实际上已经.了）。He should have been asleep.
38、（肯定句，他本应去睡觉的）He shouldnt have been asleep.（否定句，他本来不应该去睡觉的）。may/might+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句和否定句中，表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测，意为：或许（已经）./或许还没有.。It is too late. He may have gone to bed.must+have+过去分词用法：表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测。must表示推测时，不能用在否定句和疑问句中。I must have forgotten to tell you.（must 的引入，表达了说话者对过去忘记告诉你的这件事肯定推测）neednt+h
39、ave+过去分词用法：表示对过去已经做了某事的后悔，意为：本来可以不必.的（可实际上却已经.）You neednt have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my home.34The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day _ get a big prize.AmustBcouldCwouldDshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：新开业的超市宣布，开业当天首先购物的人会得到大奖。shall
40、用于二三人称的陈述句中可以表示说话人的承诺，命令，警告等，此处表示超市的承诺，故选D。35 Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the nearest Wenfeng Supermarket? OK, Its two blocks straight ahead. You _ miss it.AcantBmustntCneedntDwouldnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：劳驾，你能告诉我最近的Wenfeng Supermarket怎么走吗?好的，一直往前走两个街区就到了。你不会错过的。A. cant不可能；B.
41、mustnt禁止，不允许；C. neednt不必；D. wouldnt不会。故选A。36Tony _ what I did annoying though he didnt say anything.So you think you will have to make an apology?Acould findBshould have foundCmight findDmust have found【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：Tony一定觉得我做的事很烦人，尽管他什么也没说。所以你认为你得道歉吗?。由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的
42、推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / migh
43、t + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,
44、这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有） He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了） 6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.分析句子可知，由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。37-Jenny took the 8：00 bus to Guangzhou this morning.-Really? Hethe 9:00 train. Its much more comfortable and safer to travel by train
