1、BOOK 4 UNIT 2 WORKING THE LANDWords and Expressions1.struggle （1）vi.奋斗，努力；斗争；搏斗，挣扎They were struggling to get out the burning car.他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。艰难的行进；吃力地进行She struggled up the stairs with her heavy bags.她提着沉重的行李艰难地走上楼梯。她提着沉重的行李艰难地走上楼梯。搭配搭配 struggle against 为反对为反对而斗争，而斗争，struggle for
2、为争取为争取而斗争而斗争(2)n.奋斗，努力；斗争；搏斗，挣扎 Three people were hurt in the struggle.有三人在打斗中受伤。We will not give up our struggle for better working conditions.我们不会放弃争取改善工作条件的斗争。知识拓展 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 struggle with sb.与搏斗 struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来 巧学助记 图文巧解struggle 活学活用 填入恰当的介词、副词。The wounded young man str
3、uggled _ his feet.The workers have been struggling _ bad conditions for too long.她从来没有放弃，努力过着一种积极向上的(active)生活。_toagainst/withShe never gave up and struggled to lead an active life.2disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的引起烦恼的；令人不安的He has had some disturbing experiences.他有过一些使他很不安的经历。他有过一些使他很不安的经历。It is very dis
4、turbing that we havent seen him for a long time.好长时间没见到他，这令我们深感不安。好长时间没见到他，这令我们深感不安。知识拓展知识拓展(1)disturbed adj.心神不安的；担心的心神不安的；担心的(2)disturb vt.打扰；弄乱；使不安打扰；弄乱；使不安disturbance n打扰；扰乱；骚动打扰；扰乱；骚动 Im very disturbed about him.我很担心他。Heavy truck traffic disturbed the neighborhood.重型卡车的来来往往扰乱了这一带的安宁。巧学助记 They w
5、ere all disturbed by the disturbing news,that is,the news disturbed all of them.这条令人不安的消息使他们都深感不安。也就是说，这条消息使他们都感到不安。活学活用 选词填空(disturbing/disturbed/disturb/disturbance)。Dont _ the sleeping child.The _ news has made everyone present upset.I felt _ to hear of your illness.The drunken man caused a _ in
6、the street.disturbdisturbingdisturbeddisturbance 3expand vt.&vi.使变大，伸展 Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.袁隆平要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求增收稻谷的方法。Our foreign trade has expanded during recent years.我们的对外贸易近年来已得到扩大。She expanded her umbrella and went o
7、ut.她撑开伞就走出去了。知识拓展(1)expand.into.把扩展/发展成 expand into.发展成/扩大成 expand on.细说(阐述)(2)expansion n扩大；膨胀 They managed to expand the little firm into a big company;that is,the little firm expanded_into a big company.他们把这家小公司发展成了一家大公司；也就是说，这家小公司发展成了一家大公司。易混辨析expand“扩大；使膨胀”，指范围、体积的扩大extend“扩充；伸长”，指空间范围等的扩大，长度、宽
8、度的延伸及时间的延长 形象记忆expand/extend A childs vocabulary expands through reading.孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。My garden extends as far as the river.我的花园一直延伸到河边。活学活用 完成句子。He did not _ his statement.他未就他的声明多加解释。The writer _ a long one.那位作者把他的短篇小说扩展为长篇。expand greatly on expanded his short novel into 8.thanks to幸亏；由于；因为 Than
9、ks_to his research,the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.由于他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的方法。Thanks_to you,I was saved from drowning.幸亏你，我才没有被淹死。由于；因为(1)thanks to，owing to，due to，because of都是介词(直接用在名词之前)，而不是连接词(不可用来连接句子的两个部分)。译由于飞机误点，我只得等了好几个小时。I had to wait hours because the plane
10、 was delayed.I had to wait hours owing to(because of)the plane was delayed.(2)thanks to表示“幸亏，多亏”，多用来解释某件好事发生的原因，相当于感谢，在句中作状语/表语。活学活用 完成句子。_，we finished our work on time.幸亏有他的帮助，我们按时完成了工作。正误Thanks to his help It was _ that I succeeded.幸亏他的建议我才成功。Thanks to John we arrived three hours late.译：_thanks to
11、 his advice我们迟到了3小时，这都怪约翰。4rid vt.摆脱；除去(rid/ridded；rid/ridded)Its not easy to rid oneself of a habit.要改掉一个习惯是不容易的。We will be glad to get_rid_of him.摆脱他，我们将很高兴。知识拓展 rid.of摆脱；除去 get/be rid of摆脱；除去；处理掉 活学活用 完成句子。Do you think it possible _ nuclear weapons?你认为世界可能会摆脱核武器吗？You should _.你应当戒掉吸烟的习惯。We have t
12、o _.我们必须把这些旧报纸处理掉。to rid the world ofget rid of the habit of smokingget rid of these old newspapers 9be satisfied with对感到满意 Yuan Longping is quite satisfied_with his life.袁隆平对生活很满足。I am not satisfied_with your work;you must improve it.我对你的工作不满意，你必须加以改进。(1)be satisfied to do.对做感到满意Shes_satisfied_to s
13、tay at home.待在家里她很满意。(2)satisfy vt.使满意 satisfy ones needs满足某人的需要(3)satisfaction n满意 with satisfaction满意地 to ones satisfaction使某人满意的是(4)satisfying adj.令人满意的 satisfactory adj.令人满意的 We must develop production to satisfy_the_peoples_needs.我们必须发展生产，满足人民的需要。活学活用 根据句意用与satisfy有关的词填空。I hope you are _ with t
14、he new car.我希望你对这辆新车感到满意。satisfied Much to the customers _，the company is trying hard to _ their needs.令顾客们感到非常满意的是，公司正尽力满足他们的需求。His reply to my questions was not _.他给我的答复不尽如人意。Satisfactionsatisfysatisfactory 10would rather宁愿；宁可 He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。Id_rath
15、er die than apologize to her.我宁可死也不会向她道歉。知识拓展(1)would rather(not)do宁愿(不)做 宁愿(而)不愿/与其倒不如 (3)would rather从句 I would_rather have the small one than the big one.I would rather he had_turned_up at that moment.我宁愿要小的，不要大的。我宁愿他在那时露面。活学活用 用所给词的适当形式填空。We would rather _(live)in China freely than _(live)in ric
16、h countries.David would rather(that)I _(treat)him next Monday.live live treated 句型转换。Id rather play football than play basketball.I _ football _ basketball.I _ football _ basketball.would playrather than playprefer to playrather than play George is going to talk about the geography of his country，bu
17、t Id rather he_more on its culture.Afocus Bfocused Cwould focus Dhad focused 答案：B句意：乔治将要谈他的国家的地理，但是我宁愿他能更多地谈一下文化。would rather后跟从句，要用过去时表示现在或将来的动作。7therefore adv.因此；所以；因而 Their car was bigger and therefore more comfortable.他们的车比较大，所以要舒适些。易混辨析therefore副词，正式用语，用于说明事情的结果，可用逗号与后面的句子隔开。so连词，非正式用语，用于简洁的会话和
18、平时的对话中。The new trains have more powerful engines and are therefore faster.新火车安装了功率更大的机车，因此车速更快。I was ill so I couldnt come to her party.我病了，所以没能来参加她的聚会。活学活用 选词填空(therefore，so)I was feeling hungry,_ I made myself a sandwich.There is still much to discuss.We shall,_，return to this item at our next mee
19、ting.sotherefore Progress so far has been very good._，we are sure that the project will be completed on time.AHowever BOtherwise CTherefore DBesides 答案：C句意：到目前为止进展还是不错的。因此我们确信工作会按期完工的。therefore“因此”，表示结果，符合句意。however“然而”，表示转折；otherwise“否则；要不然”，表转折；besides“除此以外；而且”，表示递进。(2014安徽，33)Its our hope that we
20、 will play a greater role in the market place and,_，supply more jobs.Ahowever Banywhere Ctherefore Dotherwise 答案：C考查副词。句意：我们希望我们会在市场上起更大的作用，因此提供更多的工作。A 然而；B 任何地方；C：因此；D ：否则。5equip vt.&vi.配备；装备 Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.请准备一支尖的铅笔和一块橡皮参加考试。His work experience
21、equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.他的工作经验使他能与各种各样的人打交道。知识拓展(1)equip.with.用装备 equip sb.to do sth.使某人有能力干某事 be equipped with装备着 be well/poorly equipped设备精良的/较差的(2)equipment n装备；设备(不可数名词)a piece of equipment一件设备 活学活用 完成句子。Our factory _ modern machines.我们厂是用现代化机械装备的。Our laboratory _ and _ Ame
22、rica.我们的实验室装备良好，大部分设备来自美国。is equipped with is well equippedmost of its equipment is from 6export vt.&vi.输出；出口 Africa is exporting beef to Europe.非洲向欧洲出口牛肉。Many raw materials are exported to foreign countries.许多原料输出国外。知识拓展(1)export n输出，出口(pl.)输出品，输出额 exporter n出口商；出口公司；出口国(2)import vt.输入；进口 n输入；进口；进口
23、产品 The country is a big exporter to export tea to foreign countries,but imports a lot of wheat from other countries.这个国家是一个大的出口茶叶的出口国，但是要从其他国家进口很多小麦。活学活用 完成句子。90%of the engines_.90%的发动机都出口到欧洲。_engines of cars.该国的主要出口产品是汽车的发动机。Can you tell me the main product _?请告诉我你们出口的主要产品好吗？are exported to EuropeT
24、he countrys major exports areyou exportconfuseregret Weve always regretted selling/having sold the farm.我们一直后悔卖了那个农场。我们一直后悔卖了那个农场。I regret to tell you that you have failed again in the examination.我很遗憾地告诉你，这次考试你又没考及格。我很遗憾地告诉你，这次考试你又没考及格。He told me that he could not come to the party.他很抱歉地对我说他不能来参加这个
25、聚会了。他很抱歉地对我说他不能来参加这个聚会了。With regretbuild up逐渐增强；建立；开发逐渐增强；建立；开发 (教材原句教材原句)These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time.随着时间的推移，食物中的化学物质会在人体随着时间的推移，食物中的化学物质会在人体中逐渐积累。中逐渐积累。我开始每天进行体育锻炼，以增强体力。我开始每天进行体育锻炼，以增强体力。I started _every day to _my strength.taking physical exercisebuild
26、 uplead to 导致；造成导致；造成(后果后果)；通向；通向 例例His foolish behavior led to his eventual failure.他的愚蠢行为导致了他最后的失败。他的愚蠢行为导致了他最后的失败。例例As is known to us,all roads lead to Rome.众所周知，条条大路通罗马。众所周知，条条大路通罗马。keep.free from/of使使免受免受(影响；伤害等影响；伤害等)；使使不含不含(有害物有害物)(教材原句教材原句)This also keeps the air，soil，water and crops free fr
27、om chemicals.这有助于空气、土壤、水和农作物免受化学物这有助于空气、土壤、水和农作物免受化学物质的污染。质的污染。(鲜活例句鲜活例句)We must make some practical measures to keep students free from too much homework.我们必须制定一些切实有效的措施，使学生避免做我们必须制定一些切实有效的措施，使学生避免做过多的作业。过多的作业。focusreducecomment n评论；议论评论；议论 vi.&vt.表达意见；表达意见；作出评论作出评论(教材原句教材原句)Swap summaries with your partner and give each other comments.和你的搭档交换总结并互作评论。和你的搭档交换总结并互作评论。(鲜活例句鲜活例句)Do you have any comment to make about the cause of the accident?No comment!您对这起事故发生的原因有何评论？您对这起事故发生的原因有何评论？无可奉告！无可奉告！
