1、UNIT 1 A new start Section B Using language 核心词汇词汇一词汇一 debate（1）n.辩论；讨论；争论辩论；讨论；争论（2）vt.&vi.辩论；讨论辩论；讨论【教材原句】【教材原句】Join the Debate Club!加入辩论俱乐部！【要点必记】【要点必记】a debate on/over/about sth.关于某事的辩论/讨论under debate 在辩论/讨论中a heated/lively debate 一场激烈的/热烈的争论beyond debate 无可争辩题组练领悟方法debate+（sth.）with sb.同某人辩论/讨论
2、（某事）疑问词+to do 讨论做【误区警示】【误区警示】debate 后不接 that 从句，可接 wh-/how 类词引导的从句。【词语辨析】【词语辨析】debate 与 argue（1）debate 侧重“双方各抒己见”，内含“交锋”的意思；（2）argue 侧重“说理”“论证”和“企图说服”。单句写作单句写作（1）It is a fact _ _（无可争辩）that the employment pressure of graduates is heavy.（2）The bill is _ _（在讨论中）and hasnt been passed yet.（3）We _ _ _ _ _
3、（正在讨论如何设计）our new house.单句语法填空单句语法填空（4）We are having a heated debate _ the impact of computers on children.（5）We debated _ them on the question till late into the night.beyonddebateunderdebatearedebatinghowtodesignonwith辨析填空辨析填空（debate/argue）（6）Its hard to _ him into changing his mind.（7）How to sele
4、ct top students is under _.（8）词汇复现The students held a sharp_，and _about this topic.arguedebatedebateargued词汇二词汇二 argue v.争论，争辩争论，争辩【教材原句】【教材原句】Argue about the weeks hottest topics with the schools sharpest minds!和学校最敏锐的头脑辩论本周最热门的话题！【要点必记】【要点必记】argue with sb.与某人争论/争吵argue about/over sth.为某事争论/争吵argue
5、 that.主张/认为argue for/against（doing）sth.据理力争/反对（做）某事argue sb.into doing sth.说服某人做某事argue sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事【词语辨析】【词语辨析】argue 与 quarrel（1）argue 指争论、争辩，侧重“说理”“论证”和“企图说服”；（2）quarrel 指由于愤怒而争吵、吵架。People generally quarrel because they cant argue.人们通常因为不能辩论而争吵。单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）They argued _ the wait
6、er _ the price of the meal.（2）He argued _ smoking because he thought that it was harmful to health.（3）I finally argued my good friend _ settling down in the city where I lived.（4）I find it hard _（argue）with him about the topic.（5）He argued _ they needed more time to finish the project.withabout/over
7、againstintoto arguethat辨析填空辨析填空（argue/quarrel）（6）He left angrily after a violent _ with his wife.（7）We tried to _ him out of his bad behaviour.quarrelargue词汇三词汇三 sharp adj.敏锐的，聪明的；锋利的；急剧的；（人或言语）尖锐的；严厉敏锐的，聪明的；锋利的；急剧的；（人或言语）尖锐的；严厉的的【要点必记】【要点必记】（1）keep a sharp eye on sb.密切注意某人 have a sharp mind/brain 有
8、敏锐的头脑 a girl of sharp intelligence 聪颖的女孩 a sharp knife 锋利的刀 sharp teeth 锋利的牙齿 a sharp drop in prices 价格的骤降 be sharp with 对说话尖刻（2）sharply adv.急剧地；尖刻地单句写作单句写作（1）I let out a shout when my finger was cut by _ _ _（一把锋利的刀子）.（2）Nowadays，there is _ _ _（急剧增加）in childrens creativity，for they are greatly encou
9、raged to develop their talents.（3）He _ _ _（对说话尖刻）me when I was late.单句语法填空单句语法填空（4）“Is there a problem?”he asked _（sharp）.asharpknifeasharpincreasewassharpwithsharply词汇四词汇四 intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的有智慧的，聪明的【教材原句】【教材原句】Why are dolphins so intelligent?为什么海豚这么聪明？【要点必记】【要点必记】（1）intelligent software/syste
10、ms 智能软件/系统 a highly intelligent student 非常聪明的学生 an intelligent question 机智的问题（2）intelligence n.智力；才智；智慧a person of high/low intelligence 智力高/低的人a person of average/normal intelligence 具有平均/正常智力水平的人单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）He believes that all children are born with equal _（intelligent）.单句写作单句写作（2）The boy is_
11、_ _（如此聪明以至于）he can solve the mathematical problem.（3）They are _ _（非常聪明的学生）.（4）Susans a woman _ _（具有高智商的）who knows her own mind.intelligence so intelligent that highly intelligent students of high intelligence词汇五词汇五 investigate v.查明，调查查明，调查【教材原句】【教材原句】Investigate questions like these at our club.在我们俱
12、乐部研究这样的问题。【要点必记】要点必记】investigate sb.（for sth.）（因为某事）调查某人单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）This is not the first time he _（investigate）by the police.（2）I heard a noise and went downstairs _（investigate）.单句写作单句写作（3）词汇复现Scientists _（一直在调查研究恐龙是如何突然消失的）.has been investigated to investigate have been investigating how dinos
13、aurs disappearedsuddenly词汇六词汇六 various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的各种各样的，各种不同的【教材原句】【教材原句】In the UK and the US，senior high school students take part in various after-school activities.在英国和美国，高中生参加各种各样的课外活动【词语积累】【词语积累】vary vi.&vt.（使）变更；相异 various adj.各种各样的 variety n.不同种类；多样性【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】with 随变化 vary from.to.从到转变
14、in 在方面相异a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）There are _（vary）solutions to your problem.（2）For _（vary）reasons，the experts disagree with this project.（3）The caf offers a wide _（vary）of sandwiches in order to attract customers.variousvariousvariety一句一句多译多译这个学校为学生提供各种各样的课程。（4）Students are offe
15、red _/_ _ _/_ _ courses in this school.various a variety ofvarieties of词汇七词汇七 volunteer（1）n.志愿者，义务工作者（志愿者，义务工作者（2）v.自愿做自愿做【教材原句】【教材原句】.such as club activities and volunteer work.例如俱乐部活动和志愿者工作。【要点必记】（1）work/act as a volunteer 做志愿者（2）volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事 volunteer for sth.自愿为某事效劳（3）voluntary adj.
16、志愿的，自愿的 voluntarily adv.自愿地，主动地【一言助记】【一言助记】As a volunteer，he often does voluntary work，and he thinks he has the responsibility to help those people in need.作为一名志愿者，他经常做志愿者工作，他认为他有责任帮助那些需要帮助的人。单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）Schools need _（volunteer）to help children to read.（2）He volunteered _（do）the stressful job.（3
17、）Why do you want to volunteer _ our organisation?（4）The Students Union asks for _（volunteer）service to help the poor students.单句写作单句写作（5）_ _ _ _ _（作为志愿者之一），I have taught English in a remote mountain village for three years.（6）Jill _ _ _（自愿组织）a New Years party.volunteersto do forvoluntary As one of t
18、he volunteers volunteered to organise 词汇八词汇八 gain v.获得，赢得获得，赢得【教材原句教材原句】These activities not only help them gain more skills，but also teach them to care about others.这些活动不仅帮助他们获得更多的技能，而且教他们关心别人。【要点必记要点必记】gain weight 增加体重gain from 从中获益gain ones independence（from.）（脱离）获得独立gain（in）confidence/strength/e
19、xperience 增加信心/力量/经验a gain in earnings 收入的增加No pain，no gain.不劳无获。谚单句写作单句写作（1）The country _ _ _（获得了独立）ten years ago.（2）He hopes to _ _（获得经验）by working abroad for a year.（3）I hope you can_ _（从受益）the experience.（4）Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will _ _ （增加体重）quickly.gained it
20、s independence gain experience gain from gain weight词汇九词汇九 apply v.请求，申请；使用，应用；有关，涉及请求，申请；使用，应用；有关，涉及【教材原句】【教材原句】After-school activities also play a part when students apply to college.学生申请大学时，课外活动也起到一定的作用。【要点必记】【要点必记】（1）apply（to sb.）for sth.（向某人）申请某物 apply.to.把应用于 apply oneself to.致 力 于，专 心于（2）appl
21、icant n.申请者 application n.申请；应用【一言助记】【一言助记】There are more than 300 applications for the job in this company.In other words，more than 300 applicants have applied for the job.这家公司有三百多人申请这份工作。换句话说，已经有 300 多名申请者申请了这份工作。单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）He graduated with high enough marks to apply_ a university.（2）If you a
22、pply yourself _ the job，in my opinion，youll soon get promoted.（3）The questions on this part of the form only apply _ married men.（4）I have been out of work for half a year，so I want to apply _ a job in this company.（5）Make sure that you apply the theory _ practice.单句写作单句写作（6）Students should _（专心致志学习
23、）.to to to for toapply themselves to their study词汇十词汇十 schedule（1）n.计划表，进度表，日程表计划表，进度表，日程表 （2）vt.安排；预定安排；预定【教材原句】【教材原句】.so students have to learn to organise their busy schedules.因此学生们必须学会安排他们繁忙的日程。【要点必记要点必记】（1）on schedule 按预定时间 ahead of schedule（=ahead of time）先于预定时间 behind schedule 迟于预定时间 have a t
24、ight/busy schedule 日程安排紧（2）schedule.for.把安排在 be scheduled to do sth.被安排做某事单句写作单句写作（1）The operation on the old man will be carried out _ _（按预定时间）.（2）Thanks to your help，we accomplished（完 成）the task _ _ _ （提前）.（3）_（我的日程安排很紧）right now，but Ill try to fit you in.单句语法填空单句语法填空（4）The party is scheduled _ th
25、e weekend.（5）Our guests are scheduled _（arrive）at 7：30 in the evening.on schedule ahead of schedule/time I have a tight schedule forto arrive单元语法 基本的句子结构基本的句子结构要点要点 一句子成分一句子成分（1）主语（subject）：一般位于句首，是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句等或相当于名词的词或短语充当。（2）谓语（verb）：常位于主语之后，说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。总是由动词
26、或动词短语充当。谓语与主语在人称和数上须保持一致。（3）宾语（object）：位于及物动词之后，表示动作的对象、承受者或结果。由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句或相当于名词的词或短语充当。（4）直接宾语（direct speech）和间接宾语（indirect speech）：直 接 宾 语 表 示 动 作的 承 受 者，一 般 是 物；间 接 宾 语 表 示动作是对谁或为谁做的，一般是人。（5）表语（predicative）：位于连系动词之后，说明主语“是什么”“怎么样”。由名词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、从句等充当。（6）状语（adverbial）：用来修饰动词、
27、形容词、副词或整个句子，表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、原因、方式、程度等。由副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、从句或相当于副词的词或短语充当。（7）宾语补足语（object complement）：位于宾语后，用来补充宾语的意义。由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词-ing 形式、过去分词等充当。（8）定语（attribute）：用来修饰名词或代词，说明名词或代词的品质与特征。由形容词、代词、数词、名词或名词所有格、介词短语、不定式、分词、从句或相当于形容词的词或短语充当。指出下列画线部分的类别及在句中所作的成分指出下列画线部分的类别及在句中所作的成分第一组（1）The villager
28、s are celebrating the harvest.（2）We often speak English in class.（3）To know everything is to know nothing.（4）Saying is easier than doing.（5）Why he did such a thing is not clear.名词；主语代词；主语不定式短语；主语动名词；主语从句；主语第二组（6）Henry likes walking.（7）They look after the twins.动词；谓语动词短语；谓语第三组（8）The workers are build
29、ing the bridge.（9）We should learn from her.（10）How many do you want?I want two.（11）I cant afford to take dancing lessons.（12）Im looking forward to meeting her.（13）Did you write down what he said?（14）Remember to write us a letter please.（15）I will return the book to you tomorrow.名词；宾语代词；宾语数词；宾语不定式短语；
30、宾语动名词短语；宾语从句；宾语名词；直接宾语代词；间接宾语第四组（16）Andy and I are friends.（17）Im sixteen.（18）Leaves have gone yellow.（19）We are here.（20）His father is not at home.（21）Our duty is to make our environment better.（22）My hobby is reading.（23）Thats where the river joins the sea.名词；表语数词；表语形容词；表语副词；表语介词短语；表语不定式短语；表语动名词；表
31、语从句；表语第五组（24）Unfortunately，David missed the train.（25）Ten years ago，she began to live in Dalian.（26）I come specially to see you.（27）Seeing its mother，the baby smiled.（28）When he was 12 years old，John came to China.副词；状语介词短语；状语不定式短语；状语现在分词短语；状语从句；状语第六组（29）All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.（3
32、0）I find learning English difficult.（31）I saw the kite up and down.（32）I found him in trouble.（33）Tom made the girl cry.（34）Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.（35）Last year，they heard their house rebuilt.名词短语；宾语补足语形容词；宾语补足语副词短语；宾语补足语介词短语；宾语补足语不带to 的不定式；宾语补足语现在分词短语；宾语补足语过去分词；宾语补足语第七组（36）Th
33、e pink dress is Marys.（37）His name is Tom.（38）Two boys need two pens.（39）The little boy needs Lisas help.（40）The boy in blue is Tom.（41）There is nothing to do today.（42）The smiling lady is very kind.（43）The pen bought by her was made in China.（44）No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.
34、（45）Is he the man who/that wants to see you?形容词；定语代词；定语数词；定语名词所有格；定语介词短语；定语不定式；定语现在分词；定语过去分词短语；定语动名词；定语从句；定语要点二要点二 简单句概述简单句概述（1）定义：只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句叫简单句。在简单句中，主语和谓语是句子的主干，是句子的核心。（2）简单句的基本句型 S+V 主语+谓语（不及物动词）Class begins.开始上课。S+V+O 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语My sister likes English.我妹妹喜欢英语。S+V+P 主
35、语+连系动词+表语He became a scientist.他成了一位科学家。S+V+IO+DO 主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语He told me your telephone number.他告诉了我你的电话号码。S+V+O+C 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语The manager asked Tom to leave.经理要求汤姆离开。S+V+A 主语+谓语（不及物动词）+状语Jim runs in the park.吉姆在公园里跑步。S+V+O+A主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+状语They want to go at once.他们想立刻去。there be 句
36、型：be 动词在人称和数上要和紧靠它的主语保持一致There is a ruler,two pens and five books in the schoolbag.书包里有一把尺子、两支钢笔和五本书。分析下列句子结构分析下列句子结构（1）I want to make a good first impression.（2）I just had my first maths class at senior high!（3）I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.I want to make a good fi
37、rst impression.S V O I just had my first maths class at senior high!S A V O A I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.S V O C（4）This afternoon，we had our chemistry class in the science lab.（5）I didnt feel awkward or frightened at all.（6）My favourite subject is physics.This af
38、ternoon，we had our chemistry class in the science lab.A S V O A I didnt feel awkward or frightened at all.S V P AMy favourite subject is physics.S V P（7）I plan to become an engineer in the future.（8）Im Thando Gowon.（9）I come from South Africa.I plan to become an engineer in the future.S V O AIm Thando Gowon.SV PI come from South Africa.S V O（10）Im a Grade 10 student at South Hill High School.（11）My dream is to start my own IT company!Im a Grade 10 student at South Hill High School.SV P AMy dream is to start my own IT company!S V P综合练提升能力完成“综合练提升能力”中的题目
