1、高一英语非谓语动词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、单项选择非谓语动词1Come on,please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry.With so much work _ my mind,I almost break down.Afilled Bfilling Cto fill Dbeing filled【答案】B【解析】“with+复合结构”在句中表状态或说明背景情况,常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语,该结构由“名词(代词)不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式等”构成。with+名词+动词-ing形式用
2、于强调名词是动词-ing形式的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。根据work与fill的关系可判断出要用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语,表示“工作充满了我的头脑”。动词-ed形式作宾语补足语表示被动。动词不定式作宾语补足语表示将要发生的事。2Students surf the internet _ more information about the university they are dreamt of.Afound BfindingChaving found Dto find【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式,指上
3、网的目的。故选D。3Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when _ to sunlight.AexposedBto exposeCexposingDbeing exposed【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词。本题考查短语be exposed to暴露与。句意:处理这种化学物质时要小心,因为它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。故A正确。考点:考查非谓语动词4(北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time _ with his stud
4、ents.Ato spendBspendCspendingDspent【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:Jim已经退休了,但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语,空格只能填非谓语动词,逻辑主语是time,和spend之间是被动关系,故用过去分词spent。故选D项。5(天津)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs_.Ataking BtakenCbeing taken Dtake【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我需要一个新护照,所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补
5、足语,宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。点睛:本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候,首先要抓住非谓语动词在句中所作的成分,找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语,再分析二者之间的关系,最后根据句意选择正确的答案。6(北京)_the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.ACatchingBCaughtCTo catchDCatch【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了赶上早班的飞机,我们提前叫了出租车并且
6、起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we,空中用不定式作目的状语,表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选C。【名师点睛】此题应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关系,然后从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份,可以知道这里用不定式做目的状语,意思是“为了”,学生需要注意非谓语动词中现在分词、过去分词、不定式和各种动词在句子中做的成份,才可以做好此类题。7(天津)I didnt mean _anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldnt help_ it.Ato eat;to try Beating;tryingCeating;to try Dto eat; tryi
7、ng【答案】D【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意:我不打算吃任何东西,但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do(打算做),couldnt help doing忍不住做。故选D。点睛:本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义,本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“cant help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldnt help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。8The Water World Recreation Center has many attractions,
8、_ from simple swimming pools to exciting water thrill rides.Aranging BrangedCwhich are ranged Dthat range【答案】A【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。【详解】句意:水上世界娱乐中心有许多吸引人的地方,从简单的游泳池到令人兴奋的水上惊险游乐项目。句中attractions和动词range是主动关系,此处作定语用动词-ing形式,相当于which ranged from simple swimming pools to exciting water thrill rides.故选A.9Bats a
9、re surprisingly long lived creatures, some _ a life span of around 20 years.Ahaving Bhad Chave Dto have【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:蝙蝠是一种寿命很长的动物,有的寿命约为20年。根据与前面句子是逗号连接,没有连词,故判断后一句使用独立主格结构,空格处用非谓语动词,逻辑主语some与have是主谓关系,故要用v-ing形式,故选A。10We cant go out in this weather, said Bob, _ out of the window.AlookingBto l
10、ookClookedDhaving looked【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意:Bob看着窗外说:“这样的天气我们不能出去”。本句中look与said是同时进行,we与look之间构成主动关系,故用现在分词作伴随状语。故选A。11_ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.AWorking outBWorked outCTo work outDWork out【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:为了解出那道数学难题,我已经向Russ
11、ell教授咨询过好几次了。非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语,题干中缺少目的状语,故选C。【知识拓展】不定式在句子中可作什么状语?1)目的状语。To only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such) as to (如此以便) 如:He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。2)作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。如:What have I said to make yo
12、u angry?我说什么让您生气了?He searched the room only to find nothing.他搜查了房间什么也没找到。3) 表原因。如:Im sorry to hear your father is ill听说你父亲病了很难过。考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。【名师点睛】本题考查不定式作目的状语。本题与2014年四川卷第7题相似 Good idea.To find more about it, visit this website.这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。 非谓语动词是高考的重要考点。一般现在分词表示主动的关系,而过去分词表示被动的关系,动词不定式的
13、用法很多,通常是跟在一个动词后面形成的固定结构,能够分辨出具体试题中的关系就可以轻松解题。12 ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.AHaving freedBFreedCTo freeDFreeing【答案】C【解析】试题分析:在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果,主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态。此句中的whos to say that another person will?可知
14、主句用的是将来时,故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句意:这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来。如果你不这样做,你说谁会这样做?【考点定位】考查if引导的条件状语。13(山东) There is a note pinned to the door _ when the shop will open again.AsayingBsaysCsaidDhaving said【答案】A【解析】试题分析:在这个句子中note和say是主动关系,所以要用saying。此处saying引导的句子做伴随状语。句意为:门上钉着张纸条,写着这家商店什么时候再营业。故答案选A。考点:考查非谓语动词。【知识
15、拓展】非谓语动词的选择要根据所填的动词及它所要修饰的逻辑主语之间的关系确定。doing表主动表进行;done表被动表完成;to do表目的表将来。【名师点睛】本题考查非谓语。先把句子简化:There is a note (which is pinned to the door) saying when the shop will open again.伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生,它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的,本题考查的是现在分词做伴随状语,用ing形式。现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系,即表示主动意义;而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在
16、逻辑上是动宾关系,即被动意义;如:He went to the classroom holding two books; He went to the forest , followed by two dogs.14(天津) _ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.ATo workBWorkedCTo be workingDHaving worked【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:工作了两天,Steve成功的按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve,与work之间为主动关系,故用现在分词,这里用hav
17、ing worked,表示动作的先后性。故选D。【考点定位】考查非谓语动词。15_ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed.ASeeingBTo seeCSeeDSeen【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。本句的主语是 I,I 与 See 的意义的逻辑关系是主动,也就是Seeing 才能表示主语与非谓语的“主动”的逻辑关系。16Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _ to ruins, the c
18、ity took on a new look.AreducingBreducedCbeing reducedDhaving reduced【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词的被动语态。句意:就在遭遇一场大地震被夷为平地之后不久,这个城市呈现了新的面貌。此句中的“after”是介词,后面需要动名词,而且城市是被夷为平地,所以用动名词的被动语态。故选C项。17In 2012, Sun Yang became the first Chinese man _ an Olympic gold medal in swimming.AwinningBto winChaving wonDbeing won【
19、答案】B【解析】【详解】考查不定式作定语。句意:在2012年,孙杨成为第一个获得奥运会游泳比赛金牌的中国男运动员。当名词前面有序数词修饰或被修饰的词就是序数词的时候,通常要用不定式作定语。如the first to come and the last to leave,本句中Chinese man前面有序数词the first修饰,所以后面要用不定式作定语。故B项正确。18Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _ his plane high up in the sky.AfindingBto findCbeing foundDto have found【答
20、案】B【解析】试题分析:考查不定式做结果状语。句意:Tom打的去了机场,结果却发现他要乘坐的飞机已经在空中了。不定式做状语时表示意料之外的结果。结合句意可知本题是一种意料之外的结果,故B正确。考点:考查不定式做结果状语19He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.AputBto be puttingCputtingDto put【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意:他环顾四周,偶然撞见一个男人把手放进了一位顾客的口袋里!catch sb doing sth 偶然撞见某人在干某事
21、,这里的现在分词是做宾语补足语,强调动作的主动和进行,故选C。20The children wrote magical stories together, _ imaginary worlds of romantic and military adventure.Ato spinBspinningChaving spunDto have spun【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些孩子在一起写魔幻故事,融合了既浪漫又有军事冒险的虚构世界。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词,故spin只能做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语构成主谓关系,故用现在分词spinning,选B。21When ca
22、ught _ in the exam, he begged for the teachers pardon and tried _ punishment.Acheating; escaping Bto be cheating; to escapeCcheating; to escape Dto be cheating; escaping【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在考试作弊被抓着的时候,他乞求老师原谅并试图逃脱惩罚。根据句意可知,抓住的时候正在作弊,现在分词表进行,因此,第一空用cheating形式,try to do sth试图做某事,这是个固定用法。故选C。22When
23、 I got home I saw a message pinned to the door _ “Sorry to miss you, will call you later.”AreadBreadingCreadsDto read【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我回家的时候,我看见别在门上的便条,上面写着“很遗憾错过了你,我会再打电话的。”read与message是逻辑主谓关系,意为“便条上写着”,应使用现在分词做定语,表主动。故选B。23 the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower leve
24、l.AFindBFindingCTo findDFound【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在发现课程非常难的同时,她决定转移到较低层次。find与主语是逻辑主谓关系,应使用现在分词,表主动和进行,做伴随状语。故选B。【点睛】首先要分析句子知道非谓语动词是做的什么成分,然后根据和修饰语的关系决定是现在分词还是过去分词或者不定式。这题是做伴随状语,she和find是主动关系,用现在分词做状语。24The park was full of people, _ themselves in the sunshine.Ahaving enjoyedBenjoyedCenjoyingDto
25、enjoy【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:公园里挤满了人,在阳光下尽情享受。enjoy和前面没有连接词,和句子主语之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词做伴随状语。故选C。25The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house.AroseBrisingCto riseDrisen【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意:他看到的下一件事是从房子后面冒出烟来。作定语时,过去分词表示发生过的被动的动作,和所修饰词是动宾关系。现在分词表示正在发生的伴随性的动作,和所修饰词是主谓关系。不定式表示具体的将要发生的动作。根据题
26、意,他看的的第二件事物是从房后升起的烟。rise的逻辑主语为smoke,是主动关系,用现在分词,故选B。26In 2015, China won the bid to host the Winter Olympics, _ Beijing the first city in the world to host both the Summer and Winter Games.AmakeBmakingCto makeDmade【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查现在分词作结果状语的用法。句意:2015年,中国中标了冬奥会的举办权,使得北京成为世界上第一个夏季和冬季奥运会都举办的城市。分析句子结构,逗号
27、之前为完整的主句,阐述了“中标举办权”的事实,逗号之后则补充说明了先前事实所带来的进一步意料之中的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语,故选B。27 the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.AFindBFindingCTo findDFound【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在发现课程非常难的同时,她决定转移到较低层次。find与主语是逻辑主谓关系,应使用现在分词,表主动和进行,做伴随状语。故选B。【点睛】首先要分析句子知道非谓语动词是做的什么成分,然后根据和修饰语的关系决定是现在分词还是过去分词或
28、者不定式。这题是做伴随状语,she和find是主动关系,用现在分词做状语。28(重庆) Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way_ the sun and the stars.AusedBhaving usedCusingDuse【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:象古代的水手,鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。谓语动词是can find,故use用非谓动词作伴随状语,与逻辑主语birds是主动关系,用现在分词做伴随状语,根据句意,use这一动作与谓语动词动作同时,用现在分词的一般式。故选C。【点睛】伴随状语是指状语从句的
29、动作伴随主句发生,它的特点是:它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的,这个考点在高考中经常出现,本题考查的是分词做伴随状语,分为现在分词和过去分词,现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系,即表示主动意义; 而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系,即被动意义;He sen me an e-mail hoping to ge further information 他给我发一封电子邮件,希望得到更多的信息; He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. 他匆忙进了大厅,后面跟着两个警卫。29_ the co
30、nvenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.ATo enjoyBEnjoyingCTo have enjoyedDEnjoy【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了享受数字支付的方便,很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处用不定式表目的,故选A。30I think it a great honor _ to visit your country.Ato inviteBinvitingChaving invitedDto be invited【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查不定
31、式用法。句意:我认为被邀请来访问你们的国家是一件十分荣幸的事情。本句中不定式to be invited to visit your country是真正的宾语,it是形式宾语。故D正确。【点睛】本句考查不定式作真正的宾语,it是形式宾语。it作形式宾语,通常和下列动词连用:consider, think, make, find, believe, feel, guess.。一般说来,当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。31_ your own needs and styles of communication is a
32、s important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.AUnderstandingBTo be understoodCBeing understoodDHaving understood【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学习传达你的感情和情绪同样重要。不定式(短语)或动名词(短语)均可作主语,区别在于不定式常表示将来,是特指;而动名词表示一般情况,是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象,属泛指,故用动名词较好。故选A。32 herself with routine office work, s
33、he had no time to attend to her children.AOccupyingBOccupiedCBeing occupiedDTo be occupied【答案】A【解析】试题分析:A考察现在分词做状语:句意:每天忙于办公室的日常工作,她没时间照顾孩子。Sb occupy oneself with sth某人忙于某事,这里的she和occupy是主动关系,用现在分词做状语,如果这题没有herself,就应该填occupied,用于词组be occupied with。选A。考点:考察非谓语动词。33The man fell to the ground, his lef
34、t foot_ and blood _ down from his mouth.Abreaking;runningBbroken;runningCbreaking ; runDbroken; run【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意:那人摔倒在地,左脚骨折,血从嘴里往下流。当分词做状语的时候,如果分词的逻辑主语与句子主语没有关系,就在分词的前面直接加上逻辑主语,形成独立主格结构,该结构在作用上相当于一个状语从句。本句中的第一空的名词his left foot与动词break构成逻辑上的被动关系,故使用过去分词。第二空的名词blood与动词run构成主动关系,故使用现在分词。故选B
35、。34_ nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel.AHaving spentBTo spendCSpentDTo have spent【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:已经花完了几乎所有的钱,我们无法支付住宾馆的费用。动词不定式表将来和目的,根据句意可知,“花钱”的动作发生在过去,排除B、D;过去分词表完成和被动,we与spend是主谓关系,应该用现在分词,排除C;当两个动作有先后关系时,用现在分词的完成式,现在分词的完成式在本句相当于because we have spent nearly all o
36、ur money,表原因。故选A。35Life is a journey _with hardships, joys and special moments.AfilledBto fillCfillingDhaving filled【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词,句意:生命是一个充满艰辛,快乐和特别时刻的旅程。在题干中_with hardship做journey的后置定语,与所修饰的journey构成被动关系,所以使用过去分词filled。be filled with做定语的时候,可以把be去掉。也可以转换成定语从句。故选A。36(北京)_ over a week ago, the
37、books are expected to arrive any time now.AOrderingBTo orderCHaving orderedDOrdered【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的,现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系,即order the books/the books are ordered,故用过去分词表示被动和完成,在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered.,故选D。【点睛】分词作状语1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句;on doing sth. =as s
38、oon as sb. does sth.。2. 分词作原因状语相当于as,since,because引导的原因状语从句。3. 分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换,但是可以改写成并列句。4. 分词作条件状语相当于if, unless等引导的从句。常见的可表示条件的分词有given, supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。5. 分词作结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus,thereby,only等。6. 分词作让步状语相当于though或者even if等引导的让步状语从句。37_ what had
39、happened, they knew I would struggle and simply wanted to help because it was the right thing to do.AHearingBTo have heardCHaving heardDHeard【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语作状语。句意:听到发生的事情之后,他们知道我会努力,他们只是想帮忙,因为这是正确的事情。分析句子可知,本句的主语是they,与动词hear是主动关系,空格发生的事是在they knew之前,因此要用完成时,故选C。38- What caused the party to be pu
40、t off? - _ the invitations.ATom delayed sendingBToms delaying sendingCTom delaying to sendDTom delayed to send【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查动名词做主语的用法:问句是:什么导致会议被推迟的?回答应该是主语的内容,回答是省略式,完整的句子是:Toms delaying sending caused the party to be put off。Toms是逻辑主语,delay后面接动名词,选B。考点; 考查动名词作主语点评:做题时要学会分析句子成分,如果缺少主语的话,动词要用动名词做主
41、语,但是有的句子是省略式,考生可以把句子还原再进行判断。39-_ makes your son feel blue today?-_ to watch his favourite cartoon Paw Patrol.AWhat it is that; To be forbiddenBWhat is that; ForbiddenCWhat is it that; Being forbiddenDThat is what; Having forbidden【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查强调句型和非谓语动词。句意:是什么让你儿子今天心情不好?不让他看他最喜欢的卡通狗狗巡逻队。分析句子结构可知,第
42、一空为强调句型的特殊疑问句,即:疑问词What+ it is+ that+其余部分;第二空为非谓语动词,作主语用动名词,且son与forbide之间是被动关系,所以用Being forbidden,故C项正确。【点睛】注意强调句型的特殊疑问句形式为:疑问词+ it is+ that+其余部分,根据句意“是什么让你儿子今天心情不好?”判断疑问词用what,即:What is it that makes your son feel blue today?40The park was full of people, _ themselves in the sunshine.Ahaving enjoyedBenjoyedCenjoyingDto enjoy【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:公园里挤满了人,在阳光下尽情享受。enjoy和前面没有连接词,和句子主语之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词做伴随状语。故选C。