1、（一）语法直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that引导。例如：Shesaid,Iamveryhappytohelpyou.Shesaidthatshewasveryhappytohelpyou.2.直接引语是一般/选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether或if引导。例如：Heaskedme,Doyoulikeplayingfootball?Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingfootball.注意：大多数情况下，if和whether可以互换，但后有ornot,或在
2、动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。例如：Sheaskedmewhetherhecoulddoitornot.3.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。例如：Mysisteraskedme,Howdoyoulikethefilm?MysisteraskedmehowIlikedthefilm.4.直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加tell,ask,order等的宾语。例如：Thecaptainordered,Bequiet.Thecapt
3、ainorderedustobequiet.注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。Myteacheraskedme,Dontlaugh.Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh.5.一些注意事项(1)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如：HeaskedLucy,Wheredidyougo?HeaskedLucywhereshewent.Tomsaid,Whatdoyouwant,Ann?TomaskedAnnwhatshewanted.(2)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。例如：Theytoldtheirson,Theearth
4、goesroundthesun.Theytoldtheirsonthattheearthgoesroundthesun.(3) 直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。例如：Hesaid,Ihaventseenhertoday.(4) Hesaidthathehadntseenherthatday.注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和方向性动词的变化（一）指示代词的
5、变化thisthatthesethose（二）时间状语的变化nowthen agobefore/earliertodaythatday yesterdaythedaybeforethismorning/afternoon,etc. thatmorning/afternoon,etc.tomorrow thefollowing/nextdaythedayaftertomorrow intwodaystimethedaybeforeyesterday twodaysbefore/earliernextweek/month,etc. thenextweek/month,etc.lastweek/mo
6、nth theweek/monthbefore（二）直接引语变间接引语练习题1He said, “Ive left my book in my room.”2She asked me, “Is this book yours or his?”3The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?”4She said, “He will be busy.”5She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”6The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”7My father said, “Pr
7、actice makes perfect.”8The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”9He said, “We are still students.”10He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”11He said, “I have studied English since 2000.”12I said to him, “I have finished it.”13She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.”14“Where does your c
8、hemistry teacher live, Jane?” the young man asked.15“I have gotten the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily.16“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.17“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.18“Wh
9、at did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.单项选择1. He asked _ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen t
10、he film D. whether I had seen the film3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. He _ me _ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. He said _. A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D
11、. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _- very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was6. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked.She asked _. A.
12、 if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got wellD. had I already got well.7. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?” He asked me _. A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League member C. if I was a P
13、arty member or a League member D. whether was I a Party member or a League member.8. He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _. A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along9. He asked me _ with me. A. what the matter is B. what
14、the mater was C. whats the matter D. what was the matter10. He said, “Dont do that again.” He _ me _ that again. A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; dont do C. told me; dont do D. told me; not to do11. He asked me _. A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have C. they would help me to d
15、o it D. how it happened附答案：1 He told me that he had left his book in his room.2 She said that he would be busy.3 She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.4 She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5 The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6 The teacher told the students not to waste thei
16、r time.7 The mother asked Tom to get up early.8 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9 My father said practice makes perfect.10 The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.11 He said they are still students.12 He told me that he was born in 1978.13 The engineer said he was at c
17、ollege in 1967.14 He said he had studied English since he was a boy.15 She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.16 Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.17 He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.18 She said he demanded
18、that the girl leave at once.19 I told him I had finished it.20 She told us she would come here tomorrow21 The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.22 The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.23 The physics teacher told the boys
19、and girls that light travels faster than sound.24 Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.25 The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.答案与简析：1. D 宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 2. D 一般疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句. 3. C 直接引语为祈使句, 变间接引语时, 主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语的口气换用ask (
20、请求), tell (告诉), order (命令), invite (邀请), warn (警告), advise (建议)等, 而直接引语中的谓语动词要变成动词不等式。即ask/tell/order/invite/warn/advise sb. (not) to do sth. 4. D直接引语为陈述句, 变间接引语时用that引导(口语中常省略)。 5. C 6. B反意疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。7. C 选择疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。8. C直接引语为特殊疑问句, 变间接引语时, 用特殊疑问词引导, 并将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。9. D注意时态的一致。What作主语，the matter（=wrong）作表语。10. D直接引语为祈使句, 变间接引语时, 主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语的口气换用。.
