1、小学英语总复习小学英语介词总结介词（Preposition）一、 概述介词是英语中很活跃的词，一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意义。二、 常用介词的基本用法at 表示时间： I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7点去上学。表示在某一具体地点： He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽车站。表示动作的方向、目标： Let me have a look at the picture 让我看看这幅图。用于某些固定搭配： at once 立刻、马上 at
2、last 最后 at the same time 同时 at first 开始时 not at all 一点也不 about 表示大约时间： Is about six oclock now. 现在大约6点钟了。表示地点；在周围： Everthing about me is so beautiful 我周围的一切都那么美好。 关于，对于： We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。 after 在之后： After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。在后面： He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房
3、间。 behind 在之后： There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车比晚，迟于： The train is behind time. 火车晚点了 by 在旁： He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。到时候： We have learned three English songs by now. 到现在为止，我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。以方式： I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。用于某些固定搭配： one by one 一个接一个 by the way 顺便说一句 for 为，给，替： Ill
4、 make a card for my teacher. 我要给老师做张卡片。由于： Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮我。表示给（某人）用的： There is letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。 in 在里面： The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。在一段时间里： We have four classes in the morning. 我们上午有四节课。用，以： Whats this in English? 这用英语怎么说？在某一年份，季节，月份： in 2002, in spring, in January 表示状态
5、，服饰： Helen is in yellow. 海伦身穿黄色衣服。在方面： He is weak in English. 他的英语不行。用于某些固定搭配： in front of 在前面 in the end 最后 in time 及时 like 像样： He looks like his father. 他像他的父亲。这样，那样： Dont look at me like that. 别那样看着我。怎样： Whats the weather like? 天气怎样。 near 靠近，在附近： My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。 of 的（表示所属关系）：
6、This is a photo of my family. 这是一张我家的照片。的（用于所有格）： He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。表示数量（与连词连用）： One of us is from Beijing. 我们中有一个来自北京想到，谈到： I often think of them. 我常常想到他们。用于某些固定搭配： of course 当然 because of 因为，由于 on 在上面： There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上）： They go to English
7、 class on Sunday. 星期天他们去上英语课。 I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在5月1日早上离开北京。用于某些固定搭配： on duty 值日 on time 准时 over 在正上方： There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。遍及，穿过： There is a bridge over the river. 有座桥横跨那条河。超过，不止： She is a little over 2. 她两岁多了。 to 到，往，向： He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。表示时间、
8、数量， 到为止 Please count from ten to thirty. 请从10数到30.向，对，给： Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。 under Whats under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么？ with 和，写： Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家吗？表示伴随状态，带有： Whos that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁？三、 介词的固定搭配1)介词和名词的连用 2)动词和介词的连用at arrive at/in 到达at first 起初；开始 get off
9、下车at last 最后 help sb. With sth. 帮组某人做某事at school 在上课，在上学 ask for 请求at the moment 此刻 get up 起床at home 在家；无拘束 laugh at 嘲笑at present 现在 learn from 向学习at work 上班，在工作 look after 照顾at the same time 同时 look for 寻找 think for 想到on worry about 担心on duty 值日 listen to 听on holiday 度假 look at 看；注视on time 准时 talk
10、about 交谈；谈on the left/right 在左/右边 wait for 等候；等on the radio 在广播中 thank for 为而感谢on foot 步行 on sale 出售；降价出售 3)形容词和介词连用on TV 在电视上播放 be afraid of 害怕on the phone 在电话中 be careful with 小心；关心on the way 在路上 be interested in 对感兴趣 be good at 善于in be proud of 感到自豪in all 总体 be crazy about 酷爱in class 在课堂上 be late
11、 for 干某事迟到in English 用英语 be good for 对有利in short 总之 4）其他in a hurry 匆忙地 by+交通工具 in the end 最后 by bus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/landin bed 躺在床上 lots of/a lot of 许多，大量in danger 在危险中 at most 至多in fact 事实上 at least 至少in time 及时地 at once 立刻；马上in a minute 立刻 in order to 为了、小学英语介词at，in与on在时间方面的用法 at表示时间
12、的一点；in表示一个时期；on表示特殊日子。 如： He goes to school at seven oclock in the morning. 他早晨七点上学。 Can you finish the work in two days. 你能在两天内完成这个工作吗？ Linda was born on the second of May. 琳达五月二日出生。 1. at后常接几点几分，天明，中午，日出，日落，开始等。如： at five oclock （五点），at down （黎明），at daybreak （天亮），at sunrise （日出），at noon （中午），at su
13、nset （日落），at midnight （半夜），at the beginning of the month （月初）， at that time （那时），at that moment （那会儿），at this time of day （在一天的这个时候）。 2. in后常接年，月，日期，上午，下午，晚上，白天，季节，世纪等。如： in 2006（2006年），in May，2004 （2004年五月），in the morning （早晨/上午），in the afternoon （下午），in the evening （晚上），in the night （夜晚），in the da
14、ytime （白天），in the 21st century （21世纪），in three days （weeks/month）三天（周/个月），in a week （一周），in spring （春季）。 3. on后常接某日，星期几，某日或某周日的朝夕，节日等。如： on Sunday （星期日），on a warm morning in April （四月的一个温暖的上午），on a December night （12月的一个夜晚），on that afternoon （那天下午），on the following night （下一个晚上），on Christmas afterno
15、on （圣诞节下午），on October 1，1949 （1949年10月1日），on New Years Day （新年），on New Years Eve （除夕），on the morning of the 15th （15日的早上）等。 常用的方位介词有： in on to 在范围之内用in 在范围之外，如果两地接壤就用on 不接壤的用to Beijing is in the north of China . Japan is to the east of China . Shanxi Province is on the west of Hebei Province . 1. at
16、表示在.处，一般指较小的比较具体的地点。如： He isnt at school. He is at home. 他不在学校，他在家。 2. in表示在.内部；在.里面的意思。如： What is in the box? 盒子里有什么？ 3. on表示在某物的上面，但两者互相接触。如： My books are on that table. 我的书在那张桌子上。 4. under表示在某物垂直的正下方，两者之间不接触。如： My cat is under my chair. 我的猫在我的椅子下。 5. behind表示在某物体的后面。如： The broom is behind the doo
17、r. 笤帚在门后。 6. in front of表示在.的前面，正好与behind相反。如： There are some big trees in front of our classroom. 我们教室前面有几棵大树。 7. near表示在某物体的附近，意为接近、靠近。如： The ball is near the door. 球在门旁边。 介词in, on, under, behind是表示静态位置的介词 也可以参考这些 介词用法口诀 早、午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。 年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。 将来时态in.以后，小处at大处in。 有形with无形
18、by，语言、单位、材料in。 特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。 介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。 日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚， 收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。 特定时日和一就，on后常接动名词。 年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。 步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。 at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。 工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。 就来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。 海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。 thi
19、s、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。 接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。 over、under正上下，above、below则不然， 若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。 beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。 besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。 同类比较except，加for异类记心间。 原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表语形容词 under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。 before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。 before能接完成时，ag
20、o过去极有限。 since以来during间，since时态多变换。 与之相比beside，除了last but one。 复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。 快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。 but for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。 ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。 之后、关于、在.方面，有关介词须记全。 in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。1 the first day _ school 2 _ the school playground 3 _ classes 4 _ Wednesday 5 _ a farm 6 pull _ carr
21、ots7 a lot _ fruit trees 8 live _ a town 9 _ the weekends12 look _ them10 _ the sitting room 11 _ the 4th _ November 13 _ the playground 14 _ the school hall 15 _ New Year16 talk _ his students _ holidays 17 _ Christmas Day18 have a big lunch _ my family 19 dress _ _ costumes24 _ Mum and Dad.20 _ Se
22、ptember or October 21 _ his grandpas house22 _ the Christmas tree 23 _ me 30 a book _ holidays25 _ English 26 _ Christmas 27 play _ lanterns28 _ Christmas Day 29 the names _ the day - 2010-6-11 18:29 you like a apple.aan 124.237.63.* 2010-6-15 17:09 1 the first day (of) school 2(in)the school playgr
23、ound 3 (in)classes 4(on) Wednesday 5(on)a farm 6 pull (up) carrots7 a lot (of) fruit trees 8 live (in) a town 9 (at)the weekends10 (in) the sitting room 11 (on)the 4th (of) November 12 look (at) them 13 (in) the playground 15 (on) New Year16 talk (with) his students (in) holidays 17 (on) Christmas D
24、ay18 have a big lunch (with) my family 19 dress (up) (in) costumes20 (in) September or October 21 (in) his grandpas house 289004608 - 2010-6-16 10:54 ( )1._ the afternoon of May, we visited the old man. A. On B. At C. In( )2.Many people work _ the day and sleep _ night. A. on ; at B. in ; in C. in ;
25、 at( )3.He speaks Japanese best _ the boy students. A. between B. with C. among( )4.A wolf _ a sheep skin is our dangerous enemy. A. with B. in C. on( )5.Joan hopes to come back _ three days. A. after B. for C. in( )6.They sent the letter to me _ mistake. A. by B. for C. with( )7.He left home _ a co
26、ld winter evening. A. at B. on C. in( )8.Shanghai is _ the east of China. A. in B. on C. to( )9._ my fathers help, I have finished my composition. A. Under B. On C. with( )10.Hes very strict _ himself and hes very strict _ his work. A. with ; in B. in ; with C. with ; with( )11.I really cant agree _
27、 you. A. to B. on C. with( )12.The shop wont open _ nine in the morning. A. until B. at C. during( )13.How about _ the flowers now? A. watering B. are watering C. watered( )14.She spent all his money _ books. A. in B. with C. on( )15.They are talking _ low voices. A. with B. in C. on( )16.Its very k
28、ind _ you to help us. A. for B. to C. of( )17.What will you have _ breakfast this morning? A. with B. for C. by( )18.A plane is flying _ the city. A. on B. over C. above( )19.You are free to speak _ the meeting. A. at B. in C. on( )20.Mr. Green will stay in China_ Friday. A. to B. on C. till( )21.It
29、s wrong to play jokes _ other people. A. on B. of C. with( )22.Which color do you like? I prefer blue _ red. A. for B. as C. to( )23.The student will give us a talk _ how to use our spare time. A. for B. on C. in( )24.I paid two hundred yuan _ that kind of bicycle. A. in B. for C. on( )25.The doctor
30、 is very kind _ his patients A. to B. on C. at( )26.We cant live _ air. A. in B. with C. without( )27.The child was afraid _ the strange sound. A. at B. for C. of( )28.He was very angry _ her for being late. A. for B. with C. at( )29.What do you think _ _ the play? A. about B. like C. of( )30.I thin
31、k its the right way to work out the problem, but I am not sure _ it. A. do B. about C. of( )31.Reading _ the sun isnt good _ _ you A. under ; for B. in ; for C. in ; to( )32.I wont ask about it, Im going to see it _ _ my own eyes. A. by B. for C. with( )33.We go to school every day _ _ Sunday. A. ex
32、cept B. without C. on( )34.There is a small river _ the two towns A. in B. between C. among( )35.Li Lei sometimes falls asleep _ the lesson. A. for B. through C. during( )36.Mr. Black went to Paris _ a few days. A. for B. in C. after( )37.They will leave _ London next month.A. to B. from C. for( )38
33、.Are you going to the zoo _ _ bus or _ my car?A. on ; by B. by ; in C. on ; in( )39.He woke up several times _ _ the nightA. in B. at C. on( )40. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _ 5 oclock _ the morning. A. on; in B. at; in C. at; on D. in; on( )41. Wheres Lily? We are all here _ her. A.
34、beside B. about C. except D. with( )42. She sent her friend a postcard _ a birthday present. A. on B. as C. for D. ( )43. Jack has studied Chinese in this school _ the year of 2000.A. since B. in C. on D. by( )44. -What is a writing brush, do you know? -Its _ writing and drawing.A. with B. to C. for
35、 D. by( )45. English is widely used _ travellers and business people all over the world.A. to B. for C. as D. by( )46. _ the help of my teacher, I caught up with the other students. A. Under B. In C. With D. On( )47. Hong Kong is _ the south of China, and Macao is _ the west of Hong Kong. A. in; to
36、B. to; to C. to; in D. in; in( )48. -Youd better not go out now. Its raining. -It doesnt matter. My new coat can keep _ rain. A. in B. of C. with D. off( )49.There are many apples _ the tree. A bird _ the tree is picking an apple. A. in ; on B. on ; in C. in ; at( )50. Who are you going to play _? G
37、rade Two.A. about B. by C. againstACCBCABACACAACBCBCACACBBACCBCBBCABCACBABCBACDCADBC1._girls took part in the Super Girl competition but only few of them succeed.A. One million of B. Millions ofC. Thousands and millions D. Two millions2. -Can I help you ?-Id like _ for my twin daughters.A. two pair
38、of shoes B. two pairs of shoesC. two pair of shoeD. two pairs of shoe3. Each of us has to write a _ report every three weeks.A. two-thousand-wordsB. two-thousand-wordC. two-thousands-wordsD. two-thousands-word4. Now children , please turn to Page_and look at the _ picture.A. Twenty-three ; fifthB. T
39、wenty-three ; fiveC. Twenty-third ; fifthD. Twenty-third ; five 5.-Excuse me , could you tell me where the nearest post office is ?-The nearest post office? You will have to walk _.A. 500-metres away B. 500 meter farC. 500 metres farther D. 500 Cmetre-far away6. This is a big class, and _ of the stu
40、dents are girls.A. two third B. second threeC. two thirds D. two three7. During the entrance () exams, there are _ parents waiting for their children outside their test center.A. thousands of B. thousand ofC. thousand D. thousands8. _ people will watch Beijing Olympic Games on TV in 2008.A. Million of B. Millions ofC. Five millions
