1、人教课标版人教课标版高二选修高二选修7Unit 4Language points in reading1.hear from.意为意为“收到收到的信的信”,相当于相当于receive a letter from.。如：。如：They will be delighted to hear from you.他们会很高兴收到你的来信的。他们会很高兴收到你的来信的。I hear from my mother every week.每星期我都收到妈妈的信。每星期我都收到妈妈的信。比较比较 hear from和和receive都可表示都可表示“收到收到某人的信某人的信”。其区别如下：。其区别如下：hear
2、 from不是指具体接到信件不是指具体接到信件,而是指得而是指得到音信、信息到音信、信息;receive往往指收到具体的往往指收到具体的信件。如：信件。如：I havent heard from him for a long time.我好久没得到他的音信了。我好久没得到他的音信了。I havent received any letters from him for several months.我已经好几个月没有收到他的信了。我已经好几个月没有收到他的信了。拓展拓展 hear sb./sth.out 听完听完hear about sth.听到关于某事物的消息听到关于某事物的消息hear of
3、 sb./sth.听说或知道某人听说或知道某人/物的情况物的情况Havent you heard of John Denver?难道你没听说过难道你没听说过John Denver吗？吗？hear of 还有还有“听从听从”的意思，常用于的意思，常用于否定句，与否定句，与will/would连用，例如：连用，例如：He wouldnt hear of me paying for the bill.我要他付帐，但他不肯。我要他付帐，但他不肯。2.I know youre dying to hear all about my life here,so Ive included some photos
4、 which will help you picture the places I talk about.我知道你极想听到我在这儿的生活我知道你极想听到我在这儿的生活,我这儿有一些照片我这儿有一些照片,它们会帮你构思它们会帮你构思出我要谈到的这个地方。出我要谈到的这个地方。1)be dying for/to do sth.渴望渴望,极想极想,渴望做某事渴望做某事 After a long dry season the trees are dying/thirsty for water.Nowadays there are more and more students dying to stud
5、y abroad.2)辨析辨析:hear 与与 listen to hear 强调听的结果强调听的结果 listen to 强调听的动作强调听的动作由动词由动词die构成的短语：构成的短语：die away逐渐消失逐渐消失die down逐渐模糊逐渐模糊die off 相继死去相继死去die out逐渐消失；灭绝逐渐消失；灭绝 在某些感官动词如在某些感官动词如:see,hear,feel,watch,observe,notice,listen to等后等后,既可接现在分词作宾既可接现在分词作宾语语,也可接不带也可接不带to的不定式作宾补。的不定式作宾补。Did you hear someone
6、 laughing outside?I heard someone read loudly in the morning.He was heard to sing in the next room.与与hear 相关的短语相关的短语:hear about 听到关于听到关于.的消息的消息hear from 收到收到的来信的来信hear of 听说听说,听到听到hear sb.out 听到某人把话说完听到某人把话说完hear sb.do sth.听见某人做了某事听见某人做了某事hear sb.doing sth.听见某人正在做某听见某人正在做某事事The missing boys were las
7、t seen _ near the river.A.playing B.to be playingC.play D.to playA3.Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.我在信中附了几张照片我在信中附了几张照片,可以帮助你想可以帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。象出我所谈到的地方。picture n.图画图画,照片照片,画面画面vt.描绘描绘,想象想象 She often pictures herself as a famous writer.她常常想象自己是个名作家。她常常想象自
8、己是个名作家。He could have easily pictured all the consequences of being caught.他本可以很容易想到被抓的种种后果。他本可以很容易想到被抓的种种后果。了解词性转换了解词性转换(由名词转换为动词由名词转换为动词,或由或由动词转换为名词动词转换为名词,或由形容词转换为动或由形容词转换为动词等词等)的知识的知识,是迅速扩大词汇量的方法是迅速扩大词汇量的方法之一之一,有助于扫清阅读中的障碍。有助于扫清阅读中的障碍。water n.水水v.浇水浇水hand n.手手v.递递,交交head n.头头v.朝某方向前进朝某方向前进place n
9、.地方地方 v.放，放置放，放置face n.面孔，脸面孔，脸 v.面对，面向面对，面向heat n.热热v.加热加热 boat n.船船 v.划船划船fool n.傻子傻子 v.愚弄愚弄4.Well,its a bush schoolthe classroom are made of bamboo and the roofs of grass.是的是的,这是一所灌木丛学校这是一所灌木丛学校-教室是教室是由竹子建成的由竹子建成的,房顶是用草盖的。房顶是用草盖的。make的用法：的用法：1)be made from 由由.制成制成(看不出看不出原材料原材料)The paper is made f
10、rom wood.2)be made of 由由.制成制成(看出原材看出原材料料)The house is made of stone.Remember them!3)be made into 某种原材料制制成某种成品某种原材料制制成某种成品 Glasses is made into bottles.4)be made in 在某地制造在某地制造,in后面后面接表示地点的名词接表示地点的名词 This TV set is made in Shanghai.5)be made by 由谁制造由谁制造 The machine is made by workers in the factory.6)
11、be made up of 由由.组成组成 The class is made of 30 boys and 30 girls.5.When I reach the school grounds there are lots of“good mornings”for me from the boys.Many of them have walked a long way,sometimes up to two hours,to get to the school.翻译翻译 当我走到学校操场的时候当我走到学校操场的时候,迎接迎接我的是男孩子们一片我的是男孩子们一片“早上好早上好”的声的声音。他们
12、中的许多人走了很长的路音。他们中的许多人走了很长的路,有有时候要走两个小时才能到学校。时候要走两个小时才能到学校。点拨点拨 该句的主句为该句的主句为There are lots of“good mornings”for me from the boys。when引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句;many of whom引导的定语从句修饰引导的定语从句修饰the boys；sometimes up to two hours补充说明走路到学校需要的时间。补充说明走路到学校需要的时间。up to 多达多达,直到直到,胜任胜任,由由负负责责/决定决定be up to sth=be busy doing
13、 sth.忙于忙于,从事从事its up to sb.to do sth.由某人负责做某由某人负责做某事事be up to=be fit for 胜任胜任(常用于否常用于否定句和疑问句中定句和疑问句中)5.Im still trying to adapt to these conditions.However,one thing is for sure,Ive become more imaginative in my teaching.我现在仍然努力去适应这些状况我现在仍然努力去适应这些状况,但但是有一件事是确定的是有一件事是确定的,我的教学方我的教学方面已变得更富有想象力了。面已变得更富有
14、想象力了。1)try to do sth.尽力去做某事尽力去做某事 try doing sth.试着做某事试着做某事英语中有些动词后加动名词和不英语中有些动词后加动名词和不定式作宾语时定式作宾语时,意义区别较大。意义区别较大。forget to do sth.忘记去做某事忘记去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事忘记做过某事remember to do sth.记得去做某记得去做某事事remember doing sth.记得做过某记得做过某事事mean to do sth.打算做某事打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着要做某事意味着要做某事stop to do s
15、th.停下来去做某事停下来去做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事停止做某事go on to do sth.继续做另一件事继续做另一件事go on doing sth.继续做同一件事继续做同一件事can help to do sth.不能帮着做某不能帮着做某事事cant help doing sth.禁不住做某事禁不住做某事2)for sure 肯定如此肯定如此,毫无疑问毫无疑问 it/that.is for sure 那是肯定无疑的那是肯定无疑的 know sth.for sure 知道知道肯定无疑肯定无疑 Soon he will turn to you for help and
16、thats for sure.3)imaginative adj.富有想象力的富有想象力的,爱想象的爱想象的 an imaginative child/writer有有想象力的孩子想象力的孩子/富有想象力的作家富有想象力的作家 imaginary adj.想象中的想象中的,假想假想的的 imaginable adj.可想象可想象的的imagine v.设想设想imagination n.想象力想象力image n.雕像雕像,肖像肖像6.The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out
17、 of the e across 偶然遇见偶然遇见/发现发现 与与come相关的短语：相关的短语：come along 快点快点,来吧来吧 come back回来回来,折回折回come from 来自来自,从从来来come off 从从离开离开,脱脱落落come out 出来出来,出版出版come up 走过来走过来,走近走近come over 过来过来come to 来到来到,结果是结果是Dont forget!7.To be honest,I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boys lives at all.说实在的说实在的
18、,我真的不知道我我真的不知道我教的课究竟会不会让这些孩子的生活教的课究竟会不会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。有所改变。What has happened to her at all?她究竟发生了什么事？她究竟发生了什么事？Do you know him at all?你真的了解他吗？你真的了解他吗？at all在否定句中在否定句中,用来加强语气用来加强语气,“一点也一点也(不不),完全完全(不不),根本根本(不不)”。I dont know about it at all.我根本不知道这件事。我根本不知道这件事。We arent tired at all.我们一点也不累。我们一点也不累。用在条件句
19、中用在条件句中,“(如果如果)真的真的,(假若假若)确有其确有其事事”。I dont think it is true,if at all.如果真有其事如果真有其事,我也不会相信这是真的。我也不会相信这是真的。If you are at all worried,you should tell me.如果你真的有什么让你担心的事如果你真的有什么让你担心的事,你也应该你也应该告诉我。告诉我。另外另外“not at all”常用于交际语中常用于交际语中,“别客气别客气,没关系没关系,不要紧不要紧”。-Thank you very much.-Not at all.(=Dont mention it.
20、)-Are you tired？-Not at all.8.But last weekend another teacher,Jenny,and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys,Tombe.但是上周末但是上周末,另一位老另一位老师师Jenny和我拜访了一个村子和我拜访了一个村子,这个这个村子是其中一个男孩村子是其中一个男孩Tombe的家。的家。did强调肯定语气强调肯定语气,do(does,did)用于用于强调谓语动词的语气时强调谓语动词的语气时,要符合以下条件要符合以下条件:(1)句子是肯定句句子是肯定句;
21、(2)谓语动词为一般现在时或一般过去时谓语动词为一般现在时或一般过去时;(3)谓语动词是单独的行为动词或单独的谓语动词是单独的行为动词或单独的连系动词连系动词(be除外除外)。The little girl does want to see her mother.这个女孩非常想见她的母亲。这个女孩非常想见她的母亲。I do like to eat apples.我的确喜欢吃苹果。我的确喜欢吃苹果。Do stay a while.请待会儿。请待会儿。9.We walked for two and a half hours to get there first up a mountain to a
22、 ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.翻译翻译 我们步行了两个半小时才到达那我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里里先是爬山先是爬山,爬到山脊能看到奇妙的爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色景色,然后走下一个陡坡然后走下一个陡坡,一直走到下边的一直走到下边的山谷。山谷。点拨点拨 该句的主干为该句的主干为We walked。破折号后。破折号后的部分起进一步解释说明的作用的部分起进一步解释说明的作用,说明我们说明我们是如何到达那里的。是如何到达那里的。from where引导的定引
23、导的定语从句修饰语从句修饰a ridge,关系副词关系副词where前一般前一般不加介词不加介词,但但from where却是个例外。如：却是个例外。如：There are many websites,from where you can find almost all the necessary information.有许多网址有许多网址,从那里你能够找从那里你能够找到几乎所有必要信息。到几乎所有必要信息。10.Everyone seemed to be a relative of Tombes.每个人都好每个人都好像是像是Tombe的亲戚。的亲戚。seem 似乎似乎,看来看来 1)跟不定
24、式跟不定式 I seemed to hear a voice in the distance.He seemed to be in a great hurry.2)跟形容词或分词跟形容词或分词 He seems quite happy.Titanic seems _ an interesting film.A.is B.are C.be D.to be D3)后接后接(to sb.)that从句从句,但主语是但主语是it。It seems to me that there is something strange about the case.在我看来这件案子有点奇怪。在我看来这件案子有点奇怪
25、。It seems that you are lying.看来你在撒谎吧。看来你在撒谎吧。11.Tombers father,Mukap,led us to his house,a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roof-this shows its a mans house.汤贝的父亲汤贝的父亲,莫卡普莫卡普,把我们带到他把我们带到他的家里。那是一个低矮的竹屋的家里。那是一个低矮的竹屋,屋顶屋顶上伸出一簇茅草。上伸出一簇茅草。with的复合结构的复合结构(with+宾语宾语+宾补宾补)1)with+n.+doing(doing表示
26、表示 with 后名词发生的动作后名词发生的动作,此名词为此名词为动作的执行者动作的执行者)He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky.考点考点 with grass sticking out是是“with+n.+动词动词-ing形式短语形式短语”构成的构成的with复合结构。复合结构。2)with+n.+done(done 和和with后后面的宾语构成动宾关系面的宾语构成动宾关系,此宾语是此宾语是动作的承受者。动作的承受者。The thief was brought in with his hands tied back.3)with+n.+t
27、o do 动词不定式表示动词不定式表示目的目的,或将发生或将发生,未发生的事。未发生的事。With all these mouth to feed,he didnt know what to do.With five minutes to go before the last train left,we arrived at the station.4)with+n.+prep.phrase The teacher came in with some textbooks under her arm.5)with+n.+adj When he is eating,he doesnt speak
28、with his mouth full of food.考例考例 Come on,please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry.With so much work _ my mind,I almost break down.(福建福建2007)A.filledB.fillingC.to fillD.being filled B点拨点拨 so much work与与 fill之间构成之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系逻辑上的主谓关系,要用动词要用动词-ing形形式或不定式。动词式或不定式。动词-ing形式表示动作形式表示动作正在进行，动词不定式表示动作
29、尚未正在进行，动词不定式表示动作尚未发生发生,根据句子提供的情景根据句子提供的情景,可知此动可知此动作正在进行。作正在进行。stick out 突出突出,伸出伸出stick out for sth.坚持要求某事坚持要求某事物物stick to sth.不放弃不放弃/改变某事物改变某事物stick at sth.坚持不懈坚持不懈stick with sb.继续支持某人继续支持某人stick up 向上突起向上突起,坚起坚起此处此处lead表示表示“作向导作向导”He led us to his home.他把我们带到他家。他把我们带到他家。Our guide led us to the muse
30、um.导游把我们带到博物馆。导游把我们带到博物馆。lead 还表示还表示“通向通向”The path leads to the village.这条小路通到那村庄。这条小路通到那村庄。The explanation has led me to a clear understanding.这个解释让我理解清楚了。这个解释让我理解清楚了。lead sb to do 表示表示“使使干干”What led you to believe it?什么使你相信它的？什么使你相信它的？12.There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to
31、 get through.考点考点 get through意为意为“通过通过,穿过穿过”。考例考例 There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldnt get _.(2006全国卷全国卷II)A.between B.through C.across D.beyond点拨点拨 get through通过通过,穿过穿过;get across使使被理解。被理解。13.adjust vt.&vi.调整调整;调节调节;适应适应;整理整理;调准。如：调准。如：The body can quickly adju
32、st itself to the changes of temperature.身体能迅身体能迅速自行调节以适应气温的变化。速自行调节以适应气温的变化。She carefully adjusted her clothes and her hair before going out.她出门之前她出门之前仔细地整了整自己的衣服和头发。仔细地整了整自己的衣服和头发。Before you take photos,please adjust the focus of your camera.在照相之前请调准照相机的焦距。在照相之前请调准照相机的焦距。联想联想 adjustable adj.可调节的可调节
33、的;可调整的可调整的These seat belts are adjustable.这些安全带是可以调节的。这些安全带是可以调节的。区别区别adapt,adjust,fit,suit,match这几个词这几个词都含都含“适合、适应适合、适应”的意思。的意思。1)adapt 指指“修改或改变以适应新条件修改或改变以适应新条件”You should adapt yourself to the new environment.你应该适应新环境。你应该适应新环境。2)adjust 指指“调整、调节调整、调节”使之适应使之适应You cant see through the telescope unti
34、l it is adjusted to your eyes.你把望远镜调你把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后节到适合你的目光之后,你才看得见。你才看得见。3)fit 多指多指“大小适合大小适合”,引伸为引伸为“吻合吻合”Her new shoes didnt fit.她那双新鞋不合穿。她那双新鞋不合穿。4)suit 多指多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”No dish suits all tastes.众口难调。众口难调。5)match 指指“大小、色调、形状、性质大小、色调、形状、性质 等相配或相称等相配或相称”A red jacket doesnt match gre
35、en trousers.红上衣与绿裤子不相配。红上衣与绿裤子不相配。14.Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a newly made platform for Jenny and me to sleep on.新鲜的草被铺在地面新鲜的草被铺在地面上上,而且那儿有一个新搭的平台以而且那儿有一个新搭的平台以便珍妮和我睡在上面。便珍妮和我睡在上面。lay vt.(lay,laid,laid)1)将某物将某物/人置于某位置或某物表面人置于某位置或某物表面lay the bottle on the desk2)产卵产卵 The bi
36、rd lays eggs in the other birds nets.laylaidlaidlaying 放置放置;产蛋产蛋,下蛋下蛋lieliedliedlying 说谎说谎lielaylainlying 躺躺;位于位于与与lay相关的短语：相关的短语：lay eggs 产卵产卵lay sth.aside 把把.放在一边放在一边lay sth.down 放下放下;停止使用停止使用lay sb.off 解雇某人解雇某人lay the table 摆放桌子摆放桌子If only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed,he would not suffer
37、 so much now.A.lies B.lay C.had lain D.should lieC15.Once the fire was going,he laid stones on it.考点考点 once意为意为“一旦一旦”,引导条件状引导条件状语从句。语从句。考例考例 You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence.(福建福建2007)A.before B.once C.until D.though 点拨点拨 句意为句意为“一旦你有了信心一旦你有了信心,你在你在面试中就会成功的。面试中就会成功的。”even
38、 though/even if 尽管尽管,即使即使 引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句,后常用虚拟式后常用虚拟式动词表示与事实相反的动作或行为。动词表示与事实相反的动作或行为。当让步状语从句的动词用虚拟表示与当让步状语从句的动词用虚拟表示与事实相反的假设时事实相反的假设时,通常用通常用even though/even if,而不用而不用though,although或或as。16.I love listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language,even though.You are not stupid.
39、Even though/Even if you were slow in study,you shouldnt give up your studies.你并不愚笨你并不愚笨,即使你学得慢一点即使你学得慢一点,也也 不应该放弃学习。不应该放弃学习。17.Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food.They believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night so the food is dried up in the can.dry o
40、ut(使使)变干，干透变干，干透 dry up(使使)完全变干完全变干,(河流河流,湖泊湖泊 等等)干涸；把干涸；把弄干弄干The burning sun has dried up many rivers in this area recently.最近，火辣辣的太阳把这个地区的许最近，火辣辣的太阳把这个地区的许多河流都晒干了。多河流都晒干了。My mouth always dries up when Im nervous.紧张的时候，我总是变得口干舌燥。紧张的时候，我总是变得口干舌燥。18.otherwise 作连词作连词,意为意为“否则否则;不然不然”,相当于相当于 or或或 if not
41、。如：如：Well go early,otherwise we may not get a seat.我们得早点去我们得早点去,要不然就没要不然就没有座位了。有座位了。I was ill that day,otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meet.那那天我病了天我病了,否则我会去参加运动会的。否则我会去参加运动会的。otherwise 作副词作副词,意为意为“用别的方法用别的方法;不同地不同地;在其他方面在其他方面;除此之外除此之外”,相相当于当于in another way或或apart from.。如如:He is rich,
42、but otherwise an unhappy man.他有钱他有钱,但在其他方面是个不幸福的但在其他方面是个不幸福的人。人。He is naughty,but otherwise a nice boy.他很调皮他很调皮,但除此之外他是个不错的男孩但除此之外他是个不错的男孩子。子。They should have been working,but they were otherwise engaged.他们本应该在他们本应该在工作工作,但他们正忙别的事。但他们正忙别的事。拓展拓展 and otherwise 等等；及其他等等；及其他or otherwise 或相反；或其他情况或相反；或其他情
43、况In the kindergarten,the children learn singing,dancing，drawing and otherwise.孩子们在幼儿园里学唱歌、孩子们在幼儿园里学唱歌、跳舞、画画等等。跳舞、画画等等。Fine or otherwise,we shall have to go.不管天气好不好不管天气好不好,我们非去不可。我们非去不可。19.It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.enjoy privileges 享受特权享受特权 have the privilege of 有
44、有的特的特权权 as a special privilege 作为特权作为特权许可许可 by special privilege 根据特权根据特权20.Its getting late and I have to prepare tomorrows lessons prepare sth.准备某事准备某事 prepare for sth.为为做准备做准备 prepare sb.for sth.使某人为某事做好准备使某人为某事做好准备get/be prepared to do 有能力且愿意做某事有能力且愿意做某事be prepared for sth.为为做好准做好准备备make prepara
45、tions for 为为做准做准备备in preparation 准备中准备中辨析辨析:prepare与与prepare forprepare 准备准备;谓语动作直接体现在谓语动作直接体现在宾语上。宾语上。prepare for 为为.做准备做准备,for的宾语的宾语一般只是谓语动作要达到的目标。一般只是谓语动作要达到的目标。The teacher is preparing lesson.老师在备课。老师在备课。The teacher is preparing for lesson.老师正在为上课做准备。老师正在为上课做准备。1.As a teacher I often a_ my teach
46、ing methods to suit the needs of slower children.2.My mother stood in the _(门口门口)and watched me anxiously.I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式。或汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式。djustdoorway 3.It is hoped that education should be _(有关的有关的)to childrens needs.4.The train for Beijing that you are taking
47、will depart from P_4.5.I will go to the store to buy some _(烤架烤架)for the picnic next week.relevantlatform grills6.Some old workers enjoy certain p_,such as company cars and private health care in our company.rivilegesII.根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成 英语。英语。1.自从我表弟出国后自从我表弟出国后,我一直没有收到他我一直没有收到他的信。的信。
48、(hear from)2.回家的路上我们碰见一位老妇人躺在回家的路上我们碰见一位老妇人躺在路上。路上。(come across)I havent heard from my cousin since he went abroad.On the way home we came across an old woman lying on the road.3.她的红头发在人群中非常显眼。她的红头发在人群中非常显眼。(stick out)4.离家很久了离家很久了,这个女孩很想见到自己这个女孩很想见到自己的妈妈的妈妈,特别是在她生病的时候。特别是在她生病的时候。(be dying to)She has
49、 red hair that sticks out in a crowd.Being away from home for a long time,the girl is dying to see her mother especially when shes ill.5.那个男孩兴奋地向他父母描述他第一那个男孩兴奋地向他父母描述他第一天在学校的情况。天在学校的情况。(picture)The boy pictured his first day at school to his parents excitedly.1.Why cant universities provide some rel
50、evant courses _ todays problems?2.Dont worry.The paint would have dried _ by this time tomorrow.3.It has not rained for a long time and the river almost dries _.III.用适当的介词或副词填空。用适当的介词或副词填空。tooutup4.How many of us know how paper is made _ trees?5.In the past many fruit-growers have adapted _ changes
