1、2021届高考英语-状语从句复习状语从句的分类: 时间状语从句, 地点状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句，目的状语从句，结果状语从句，方式状语从句，让步状语从句等。练习：请画出下列句子的状语从句，并指出它属于哪种状语从句。1. When he was still a young man, he was forced to leave his homeland for political reasons. ( )2. Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( )3. Where there is a will, there is a w
2、ay. ( )4. He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( )5. He was absent from the meeting because he had something more important to do. ( )6.If you stick to practising singing, I am sure you will succeed. ( )7. Although/Though he is old, he still leads an ac
3、tive life. ( )8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son. ( ) 一. 时间状语从句时间状语的引导词可分为三类：1. 普通连词：when, while, as, before, after, until (till), since, once.1)when, while区别a. when使用的范围最广，最多，通常来说，都作 “当.时”讲时，when可替换while, 但是while有时却不能代替when。when从句的动作既可是短暂性，也可是持续性。当when用于句型 “be doing./be about
4、to do./had done. when.”时，译为“这时”。b. while从句动作只能是持续性，简单地说while从句结构为：while+主语+be动词表语/while+主语+be动词+doing。(while还可以作为并列连词, 表示对比，译为“而然而”)练习：填空。1. I was walking in the street _ I saw him.2. I was about to go out for a walk _it began to rain.3. _We are crossing the road, we should be careful.4. _my friend
5、was on a business trip in Beijing , I took care of his cat.5. _ time went by, he gradually realized what I had said.=_, he gradually realized what I had said.6. It wasnt long _the news was widely spread.7. It has been 5 years _I saw you in London.8. He is a teacher _his twin brother is a driver.2. 表
6、示“一.就. ”的连词：as soon as, the momment, the minute, the second, the instant, no sooner.than., hardly.when.等。a. as soon as跟the moment, the minute, the second, the instant的用法意思都一样，可以直接替换。b. no sooner.than.与hardly.when用法相同，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，可以直接替换彼此。这两个结构与as soon as意思一样，但是用法不同。如：As soon as/The moment/The
7、instant/The minute/The second I entered my office, it began to rain. 我一进入办公室，就开始下起雨。I had no sooner entered my office _.=I_ when it began to rain.c. no sooner.than.与hardly.when.经常使用部分倒装句，即把no sooner和hardly放句首，主句用部分倒装句。如：1)No sooner had I entered my office than it began to rain.= Hardly _.2)我一到家就意识到我
8、把我的英语课本落在图书馆了。As soon as _, I realized that _.= The moment/minute/second/instant_, I realized that _.=I _hardly_.=I _no sooner_.=No sooner_.=Hardly _.注：有时时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来，即主将从现规则。如：1)As soon as I arrive, I _(ring) you up.2)你长大了就会理解我的。When you _.3. 含有 “time”的连词有：every time, next time, last time, the
9、 first/ time, by the time等。1) 每次她想起她的女儿，她都觉得无比骄傲。2)我第一次来这个城市的时候，就深深被它吸引了。The first time _, I _.(the first time与for the first time的区别在于the first time可作连词引导从句，还可以作主语或宾语，但是for the first time作为状语成分，不能引导从句，并且不能作主语也不能作宾语。)2、地点状语从句通常由连词where引导。如：Go back where you came from. _。We must camp where we can get
10、water. _。3、原因状语从句通常由连词：because, as, for, since, now that引导。a. because，as, for都表示“因为”。because跟as，for的区别：1)直接而明确的原因和理由，语气最强.2)用来why提问的句子，用because回答；3)可用来引导表语从句。这是because与as, for的区别。如：It is because he is too lazy.4）用于强调句型。正是因为他不熟悉这个城市他才迷了路。_.b. now thatsince意为“既然”。既然我们是成年人了，我们应该自己作决定了。_.4、目的状语从句通常由so t
11、hat, in order that, in case （免得、以防), for fear that (生怕，以免）等引导。a. so that=in order that 意为“为了”，引导的从句谓语动词由could/can/may/might.+动词原形组成。b. in case=for fear that 都意为“以防，以免”。从句谓语动词由should+动词原形构成。 1）He got married to him _.(她为了能够照顾和安慰他)2) A lecture about British will be given on October 15th, 2018 _. (为了让我
12、们更加熟悉英国的文化)3) I explained it over and over again for fear that/in case he should misundertand me. _。5、结果状语从句由so that, sothat, suchthat引导。a. so that意为“以致于”。so that也可以引导目的状语从句，意为“为了”，相当于in order that，目的状语从句谓语由情态助动词加动词组成，但是结果状语从句谓语动词里没有情态助动词。b. so.that与such.that都意为“如此.以致于.”但是用法不同。so加形容词或副词，such+名词短语, 但
13、是有一种情况它们可以相互转换。如：1)She is so respectable a teacher that we show great respect for her.= _. (such.that.)2) 公交车有太多人了以致于我们挤不进去。_.6、条件状语从句由 if, unless(if.not.如果不，除非), as long as (=so long as) (只要), in case (that) (万一)等引导。在条件状语中，谓语常使用“主将从现”原则。1）只要你听取医生的建议，你很快会取得完全康复。2) 如果你不勇敢面对挑战，你就会失败。Unless you _, You
14、_.3) In case it rains, the sports meeting will be put off till next Friday.=In case _rain, the sports meeting will be put off till next Friday._.注：a. in case+从句，in case of+名词，但是两者都意为“万一”。 b. if引导的条件状语从句中，当假设不大可能实现或与事实相反时，主从句的谓语动词要使用虚拟语气。主从句的谓语动词的形式还得看与什么时候的事实相反，是现在，还是过去，抑或是将来。如：1) If I were a teache
15、r, I would be strict with my students.(与_的事实相反)2) If I had come to her house yesterday, I would have seen him.(与_的事实相反)3) If it snowed tomorrow, I would make a beautiful snowman for you.（与_的事实相反）从句谓语主句谓语与过去的事实相反would/should/might/could+have done与现在的事实相反would/should/might/could+do与将来的事实相反did/wereshou
16、ld+dowere to dowould/should/might/could+do练习：1）If you _(tell) me in advance, I _(see) him off at the airport.2) If you _ (be) me, what would you do now?3) If I _(have) a million dollars, I _(donate) 30% to the charity.4) He is suffering from a serious flu now. If he _(make) a full recovery tomorrow,
17、 I would take him to my grandmothers house.7、方式状语从句由连词：as(按照.的方式), as if, as though引导。as if=as though引导的从句若与事实相反或不大可能会发生时，从句要用虚拟语气，若从句情况有极大可能发生时则用陈述语气。1）The teacher told the students to do as he did._。2) The man walked as if he was drunk. (他喝醉了是极大可能的，所以用陈述语气)3)The old man treats us as if he were our
18、 father. (他不可能是我们的爸爸，所以从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，与现在的事实相反，用动词_，be只能用_) 4) The boy walked into the classroom as if he had bought the school. (与过去的事实相反，从句谓语动词用_) 5) Other children looks at him curiously as if he _(be) a money.6) The boy talked about Rome as if he _(be) there before.8、让步状语从句 由though, although, as (虽
19、然, 尽管), even if, even though, wh-ever, no matter-wh, whether引导.a. though=although, 不能与but连用。b. as引导让步状语从句时, 从句部分语序要部分倒装，即把从句里的表语形容词，表语名词（省略名词前的冠词），状语副词，情态助动词后的动词，或进行时或被动语态的分词提到as之前。如：Child as he is, he has to support his family.Hard as he tried, he failed.c. even though=even if，意为“即使”。d. wh-ever=how
20、 matter wh-, 意为“无论.”，wh-ever指的是whatever, whichever, whoever, wherever, whenever, whomever, however。wh-ever还可用来引导主语从句和宾语从句，但是how matter wh-则不能。练习：1. _most of the people agreed, some were not willing to accept.2. _you call on me, you are always welcome.= _.3. _ he comes or not, we will discuss the pro
21、blem this afternoon.4. Young _he is, he can speak and write in several foreign languages.= _.5. _(虽然我们被敌人包围着)，we managed to march forward.6. 无论你作出什么决定，我们都会支持你。非谓语动词作状语与状语从句的转换复习。通常来说，非谓语动词充当的时间，让步，原因，条件，目的状语可以转换为时间，让步，原因，条件，目的状语从句，所以希望大家在写作用好好利用。1. 分词作时间状语通常可以转换为when或after引导的时间状语从句。a. Having finishe
22、d his homework, he went to play football._he finished his homework, he went to play football.b. Hearing the news, they got excited._.2. 分词作让步状语可以转换为though, as或although所引导的时间状语从句，记得as引导的让步状语从句要使用部分倒装句型。a. Being tired, he couldnt fall asleep.=Although/though _, he couldnt fall asleep.=_.b. Surrounded
23、by many friends, he still feels lonely.=Although/Though_.=Surrounded as he is by many friends, he still feels lonely.3. 分词原因作原因状语可以转换为because, as, since, now that, for原因状语从句。a. Not knowing his address, she went to a policeman for help.=As/For/Because_.b. Being a student, you should study hard.=Now t
24、hat/since_.4. 分词作条件状语可以转换为if条件状语。a. Given better attention , the trees can grow well.=_.b. Seen from the hill, the city looks more attractive.=_, it looks more attractive.5. 分词作目的状语可以转换为so that或in order that引导的目的状语从句。 A lecture will be given next week in our school to get the students more familiar with British culture.= A lecture will be given next week in our school _.
