1、一、教法建议【抛砖引玉】通过本单元的学习，同学们可以了解西方国家兼职工作的由来，了解处理人际关系的重要性和向他人寻求心理咨询的必要性。单元双基学习目标. 词汇学习四会单词和词组：preparation , affect , show sb around , so long as ,三会单词和词组：have a gift for , easy-going , fun-loving , tourism , workmate. 交际英语Apologies , regrets and responses1. Im sorry 2. I apologize 3. Please excuse me 4.
2、Im afraid 5. I shouldnt 6. I ought to do 7. What a shame !8. Thats nothing . / Never mind . / Its not important . / It doesnt matter . / Thats all right . / Thats OK .9. Dont worry .10. Forget it . 语法学习复习被动语态的用法。注意现在完成时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态。另外要特别留心情态动词的被动语态、系动词的被动语态、词组中介词与被动语态以及不用被动语态的词组，如：belong
3、to , break out 等。【指点迷津】单元重点词汇点拨1. preparation 准备，预备I did little preparation for the examination .点拨注意词组 make preparations for（为做好准备）中的 preparation 要用复数。They are busy in making preparations for an international medical conference .in preparation for 作为的准备She bought a new coat in preparation for winte
4、r . prepare for 为做准备We must prepare for the party .be prepared to do 准备好地干。乐意干 。prepare sb for = prepare sb to do 让某人做好准备。如：I prepared him for the bad news .Well prepare her to face the difficulty .2. affect 对影响，发生作用The noise from the street affected our work .The disease is beginning to affect her
5、eyesight . Does the amount of rain affect the growth of crops ? The story affected us deeply .注意：effect 结果，效果。have an effect on / upon 对有效。3. easy-going 随和的；轻松的Youd better make yourself easy-going . 单元词组思维运用1. take a part-time job 干临时工take a fuu-time job 全班工2. be on ones / the way to a lecture 在去听报告
6、的途中注意：on ones / the way to doing 即将He is on the way to becoming a doctor .3. ask sb for directions = ask sb the way 问路4. go in the direction of 朝方向去I saw her go in the direction of the bus stop .5. have a gift for 对有天赋As far as I know , she has a gift for music .6. make lively and interestingYou are
7、 supposed to make your speech lively and interesting , which is of great importance .7. at lunchtime 在中饭时注意类似词组：at dawn 在黎明时，at supper 在吃晚饭时，at work 在上班，等。8. start ones own business 开始经营自己的行业9. offer guide services to tourists 向游客们提供导游服务10. lead / live an active life 生活活泼To my great disappointment ,
8、 he didnt lead an active life .11. in a difficult position = in trouble 碰到麻烦12. have nothing to lose 不会有任何情况13. catch sb stealing 当场抓住某人偷东西Later , the salesgirl was caught stealing the goods .14. in my personal opinion 在我个人看来15. play a trick on 作弄某人Its impolite for them to play tricks on the foreign
9、ers .16. call in the police 叫来警察17. turn out better 结果会更好些18. set up a company 建立一个公司19. warn sb about / of sth 提醒某人当心 。warn sb against sth = warn sb not to do sth 。20. in the course of 在期间He fell sick in the course of the discussion .21. write a reply to sb = write a letter of reply to sb 给某人回信22.
10、have a great / happy weekend= have a good time at weekend 过个非常愉快的周末二、学海导航【学法指要】单元难点疑点思路明晰1. He was on his way to a lecture, 他正在去听讲座的路上。明晰 on ones/the way 在路上，走向；在进行中。on ones/the way home ( there , abroad)在回家（去那儿，回国）的途中，on ones/the way to ones home 在回某人家的途中， on ones/the wayto do 在去干的途中，on ones/the wa
11、y to doing 即将实现。如：On the way home he thought over many things . 在回家途中他考虑了很多事情。He is well on the way to becoming a fine engineer. 他快要成为一个优秀的工程师了。/ The patient is on his way to recovery . 病人在复元中。2. and Fred discovered that he had a gift for making a visit interesting and lively . 弗雷德发现自己具有一种使观光既有趣又生动的
12、天赋。明晰(1) have a gift for (= have a good head for)有的才能，有鉴别力，有天才。 如：He had no gift for making polite conversation at parties . 他生来不善于在集会上讲应酬话。(2) 形容词 interesting and lively 作 making 的宾语补足语。以-ly 结尾的单词有些是形容词，不是副词。如：lovely 可爱的，friendly 友好的，orderly 井井有条的，comradely 同志般的，lively 生动活泼的，motherly 母亲般的， monthly
13、每月的，likely 可能的，deadly 致命的，lonely 偏僻的，寂寞的，silly 傻的，daily 每月的。3. In the evenings he studied hard for his exams, and most mornings he took tourists around Oxford . 晚上他努力学习为考试作准备，而大多数上午他带领游人参观牛津大学。明晰(1) evening , morning , afternoon , Sunday 等用复数形式可作副词，含有每逢这些时间之意。如：He studied days and worked evenings .他
14、白天学习，晚上工作。I never get up early on Sundays . 每逢星期天我从不起早。(SEFC B 3 L62) Its a part-time job, so I only work evenings . 这是份计时工，所以我只是晚上干。(2) take sb aroundshow sb around / over , round 引导某人参观。If you are free at two oclock on Friday, I shall be delighted to take you around this ice-free port . 如果你星期五下午两点
15、钟有空，我将乐意带你参观这个不冻港。4. This is one example of a part-time job leading to greater things . 这个例子说明了计时工能导致更大的事业。明晰lead to 导致；通向。如：His carelessness led to the accident . 他的粗枝大业导致了这次事故。I suggest she take that path leading to the temple . 我建议她走通向寺院的那条路。5. Generally you will have a greater chance of finding
16、a suitable job if you have done some part-time jobs . 一般来说，如果你做过一些计时工， 那么你找到一份合适工作的机会就多。明晰(1) generally in generalgenerally speaking 一般来讲。(2) 已学过由 chance 构成的词组有：have a/no chance of doing 有(无) 机会干，havea greater chance of doing 有干更大的机会，give a chance to do 给某人一次机会，lose no chance for 不放松，抓紧，by chance 偶然
17、，无意中，by any chance 万一，碰巧。(3) 由 if 引导的条件状语从句中用现在完成时表示，强调从句中的动作提前完成。如：If you have learned English , youll find it a bridge to so much knowledge .当你学会了英语之后，你就会发现它是通向如此丰富知识的桥梁。If he has taken two pills of medicine , he will feel much better soon . 假如他服了两片药丸后，很快就会感觉好些。6. Ive got a problem and as I dont k
18、now what to do I thought Id write to you and ask for your advice . 我有一个问题，由于我不知道该怎么办， 所以我想我还是给你写信，向你请教。明晰(1) what to do 为“疑问词to do”可在句中作主语、宾语、表语。如：(SEFC B 3 L22) How to get rid of waste is a great problem for the worldtoday . 如何去除废物是当今世界的一大问题。（作主语）We wondered when to set sail . 我们不知道何时起航。（作宾语）(2) I
19、thought 在句中作插入语。(3) advice 常用于如下搭配中：ask for ones advice 征求某人的建议/ follow (take) ones advice 采纳某人的建议 / refuse ones advice on 拒绝某人在 的建议 / act on / upon ones advice 听从某人的劝告/ act against ones advice不顾某人的建议/a useful piece(bit, word) of advice to sb 对某人的一个有益的劝告/give sb some advice on给某人在一些建议。7. I think Im
20、in a difficult position . 我觉得我的处境很麻烦。明晰in a difficult position / situation in trouble. 处于不幸（苦恼、困境）中。如：He is always ready to help anyone who is in a difficult position . 他总是乐于帮助有困难的人。8. show sb around (round , over) , take sb around , visit, pay a visit to , be on a visit to , make visits to , look a
21、round , go sight-seeing明晰(1) show sb around (round, over)=take sb around(round, over) 领着某人参观。 如：well be shown around the supermarket in a minute . 马上就领我们去参观一下那个超级市场。(2) visit , pay a visit to , be on a visit to 的后面可跟人，也可跟某地。单独使用 visit 还可作“视察、巡视”之意。She will pay a visit to Europe . 将对欧洲进行访问。Restaurant
22、 and hotel kitchens are visited regularly by public health inspectors . 餐馆及旅馆的厨房定期由公共卫生官员检察。on a visit to 参观，拜访(表达状态或作定语)，make visits to 经常拜访。如：She has been on a visit to our province for a week . 她已对我省进行了五天的访问。(3) look around/round 观光，游览； 掉头环顾。如：Do we have time to look around the town before lunch
23、? 我们中饭前有时间在城里游览一下吗?(4) sight-seeing n. adj. 观光游览的。如：a sight seeing bus 旅游车。9. lively , lovely , living , live , life , alive明晰 (1) lively adj.“活泼的，生动的，栩栩如生的”，可作表语定语和宾补，既可指人，也可指物。如：I feel that everything here is lively . 我觉得这儿的一切都富有生气。(2) lovely adj.可爱的；秀美动人的。如：It was lovely to hear from you again .
24、收到你的来信真让人高兴!(3) live v.生活，adj.活的， 实况转播的（常作某物的定语），life 是 live 的名词形式。Were living a happy life . 我们过着幸福的生活。He bought scores of live fish last week . 上周他买了不少的活鱼。We watched the football match on live television . 我们看了电视实况转播的足球赛。(4) alive “活着的，存在的”，常作表语或补语。既可用于人，也可用于物， 作定语时常后置。如：If she is alive, she is th
25、e happiest woman alive . 她若活着，她是世界上最幸福的人。(5) living “活着的，有生命的”。常作前置定语。如：the greatest living painter 还活在人间的最伟大的画家 / Therere no living things on the moon . 月球上没有生物。另外，living 除作现在分词、形容词外，还可作名词“生活、生涯、生计”等， 多用于句型：make / earn a / ones living by + ing 以干谋生。10. affect , effect , result明晰(1)affect v. 影响，作用（指
26、经常暗示某种变化， 对象是人时可指思想上感情上的变 化）。如：The economic crisis has seriously affected the countrys exports . 经济危机严重地影响了该国的出口。The sight affected her to tears . 此情景使她感动得流泪。(2) effect n. 影响，效果。如：It had an almost immediate effect on his thinking . 那件事对他的思维有近乎直接的影响。This medicine has no effect upon her disease . 这种药对
27、他的病没有作用。(3) result 结果；效果；成果。如：In my judgment certain factors affecting the result have been overlooked . 照我看来，某些影响效果的因素被忽略了。11. link , connect , join , combine , unite明晰(1) link 联接；联系（指不同事物间的联系）。常用 be linked with 与有联系The interest of his is linked with that of the country . 他的利益同国家的利益联系在一起。(2) connec
28、t 的语气没有 combine 强，表一种事物与其他事物的关系。常用be connected with 与相联接。如：They are connected with Chens family by their nieces marriage . 他们和陈家只不过因侄女的婚姻有亲戚关系。Some films combine education with recreation . 有些电影能容教育于娱乐之中。(3) join 连接（是指把分离的两者连接在一起）。常用 join up 接好，jointo 把与相联接。如：Please join the wires up . 请把电线接好。(4) un
29、ite 联合（强调二者组成一个整体以及把分散的部分统一起来）。如： Lets unite against the common enemy . 让我们团结起来反对共同的敌人。【妙文赏析】不要小看英语中的逗号按照结构，英语句子可以分为三大类，即简单句、并列句和复合句。在简单句和并列句中，逗号对句子结构没有影响。例如：1 . However , he wants to be an engineer .2 . Hearing the news , he looked very happy .3 . He works in the company , too .4 . He , together wi
30、th his classmates , will see the film .5 . The man , teaching us English , is from the U . S . A .6 . Stop here , or you will be fined .上述六个句子中的逗号只起停顿作用。不管有没有逗号，句 1 - 句 5 都是简单句， 去逗号也是简单句。句 6 有逗号是并列句，没有逗号也是并列句。但是在含有非限制性定语从句或状语从句的复合句中，逗号的作用就至关重要了。请看下面的例题：1 . The weather turned out to be very good , wa
31、s more than we could expect .A . what B . that C . it D . which此题是考查非限制性定语从句的用法。因为有逗号的存在，我们可以判定逗号前面的部分为主句，后面的部分为从句，故答案为 D . which 。假如把逗号改为句号，则原题空白处应填 It 。2 . He has two sons , both of are studying in Australia .A . them B . who C . whom D . they此题和例题 1 一样，因有逗号的存在，故答案为 C . whom , 这样才能使逗号后面的部分能充当非限制性定
32、语从句。假如把逗号改成句号，上句便成为：He has two sons . Both of them are studying in Australia .3 . is known to all , the compass was first made in China .A . What B . It C . As D . That其实此题也是要考查非限制性定语从句的用法，只不过是把从句放到了主句前面。由于从句中缺少主语，那么能充当主语的就只能是关系代词 As ( 即选项C ) 。假如去掉逗号，则应将句子改为：It is known to all that the compass was f
33、irst made in China . 这时 that 引导主语从句，It 为形式主语。4 . having lessons , you shouldnt make noises here . A . The students are B . As the students areC . As the students D . Because the students此题中，逗号后面的部分为主句，逗号前面的部分应为状语。因此，答案应选用B，以使逗号前面的部分成为状语从句。5 . , so you should go to help him .A . As he is in trouble B
34、 . He is in trouble C . Being in trouble D . He being in trouble此题中，逗号后面的 so 为并列连词，逗号前后两个分句应该对等。C，D 两个选项不是分句，可排除；A 项是 as 引导的原因状语从句，不能与 so 连用。因此， 答案为 B 。6 . , they have to have lessons outdoors .A . The classroom is begin painted B . Being painted C . Having painted D . The classroom being painted此题中
35、，逗号后面的部分为主句，逗号前面的部分应为状语(从句或短语)。由于 A 项不能作状语从句，可以先排除；而 B，C 两项的逻辑主语与后面句子的主语不一致，因此也应该将它们排除。D 项虽然不是状语从句，但是它是由状语从句简化而来的独立主格结构，同样能作状语，故答案为 D 。【思维体操】是A还是B ?1 . I gave her some money on the understanding that she should spend iton books .A . 以为条件B .我想(我觉得)2 . Father has made a bed for me . A . 铺好床B .做了一张床3 .
36、 I wont make the last train .A . 造最后以节车厢B .赶最后一班车4 . Mimi is the black sheep of his family .A . 黑羊B .败家子5 . Xiao Li is really the salt of the earth . A . 好心人B .地球之盐6 . You leave me in the cold , friend . A . 让我受冻B .令我扫兴7 . The child is in hot water . A . 惹麻烦B .掉进热水8 . I answer complaints on the phon
37、e .A . 埋怨对方B .解答对方所抱怨的问题9 . The Indians declared that this “ Pass Law ” was unfair . A . 通行证法B .被通过的法律10 . With the help of green houses , the villagers can provide cities and towns with all the vegetables in cold weather .A . 绿色房子B .温室11 . He had a gift for thinking up ways of making political poin
38、ts . A . 形成自己的政治观点B .阐述自己的政治观点12 . There is nothing worse than breaking the suitcase for the trip . A . 弄坏箱子B .箱子太小13 . We are none too early for the train .A . 我们刚好赶上火车。B .我们一个都没赶上火车。参考答案：1 - 5 A A B B A 6 - 10 B A B A B 11 - 13 B B A三、智能显示单词拼写对比专练根据下列每组句子所给汉语注释，写出空白处各单词的正确形式。1 . ( 鼓舞) by the spiri
39、t of Comrade Lei feng , more and more people try their best to do good deeds .Our English teacher often ( 鼓励) us to practise more spoken English .2 . We loved visiting China and greatly ( 感激 ) everyones kindness .3 . I havent a thing in ( 共同) with her .4 . We had a very ( 令人愉快的) trip in this summer
40、vacation .Last night her ( 悦耳的) voice made herself heard clearly in the big hall .5 . Edison showed great ( 兴趣) in science when he was a boy .Im not quite ( 兴趣) in this kind of jacket . Please show me another one .6 . The boy is ( 不断) asking me many questions .With the help of man made satellites ,
41、now we can have (连续不断) TV programmes every day .7 . Disny moved to the west ( 海岸线) of the U . S . A . .“How beautiful the sea is!”We walked along the (海滨) without the thought of going back .8 . We learn twelve subjects , English ( 包括) .There are three sweaters in the box . ( 包括) the red one .9 . The
42、 ( 演员) gave rather a wooden performance . She was toonervous .The ( 演员 ) was so nervous that he couldnt say anything .10 . What I have seen is ( 不一样) from what I have heard . We talked about ( 各种各样) things .11 . Cotton is growing fine in our country , ( 尤其) in Hubei province .Uncle Wang came to Hang
43、zhou ( 特地) to see me .12 . Look! The classroom is very dirty . You must give it a ( 彻底) cleaning .The army made a ( 完全) successful attack on the enemy capital .13 . Please give my best ( 问 候 ) to your parents . When I get home , I always say ( 问候) to my parents .14 . Dont be ( 泄气) . Try it harder in
44、 some other way . She was very ( 失望) at losing the election .15 . What else did you buy ( 除了) this cap?I can take my holidays at any time ( 除了) in August .16 . Does she have enough ( 力气) to lift the box?The police and the army have been given special ( 权力) to deal with the situation .17 . When I ( 检
45、查 ) my shopping list , I found Id forgotten to buy eggs .The doctor ( 检查) her carefully and found she had got a high fever .18 . Thank you for offering us so much ( 信息) we needed . There is an important ( 口信) for you from your brother .19 . The man was highly praised for having the ( 勇气) to go into
46、the burning house to save the two girls .The soldier showed great ( 勇敢) in fighting with the enemy .20 . My mother likes this kind of soap ( 粉) .The ( 面粉) can be used for making bread and cakes .答案：1 . Inspired , encourages 2 . obliged , appreciated 3 . common , same 4 . pleasant , pleasing 5 . interest , interested 6 . constantly , continuous 7 . coast , shore 8 . included
