1、Unit 3 Tomorrows world课时练12篇阅读1篇完形 阅读理解A(2020阜阳诊断性测试)Artificial intelligence(AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like liver cancer in ways that were never before possible.Rishi Rawat, who teaches AI at the University of Southern
2、 California in Los Angeles, is part of a team of scientists researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the liver. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says, “You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the
3、 pattern recognition thats important for making decisions.”David Agus is another researcher. He believes that machines are not going to take the place of doctors. “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain cant recognize by
4、itself.”Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. Nowadays, researchers take a thin piece of tissue(组织), put it on a small piece of glass and add color to see the
5、cells better. That process could take days or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns or structures, and learn how the cells are organized.The hope is that machines will soon be abl
6、e to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. Agus says the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world and that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.The researchers of t
7、he university are now only studying liver cancer. But doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer.【解题导语】人工智能有望很快作为一种有用的工具帮助医生更好地诊断和治疗癌症。1What can AI do with the help of the information provided by the researchers?ARecognize cancer patterns.BTreat liv
8、er cancer.CCollect useful information.DStore cancerous cells.A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He says, You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns.making decisions.”可知，人工智能可以根据对其输入的数据来学习该模式，并进行癌症模式的识别。2What can we learn about AI?AIt will be able to replace doctors.BPatients are unlikely to be c
9、ancerous again with its help.CIt is making a difference in taking care of patients.DIt can recognize cancer more accurately.D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Through machine learning.are organized.”可知，人工智能可以识别复杂的模式或结构，同时了解细胞是如何组成的。由此可推知，人工智能可以更精确地识别癌症。3Whats the authors attitude towards the future of AI?AOptimist
10、ic.BDoubtful.CCurious.DCold.A解析：观点态度题。根据文章最后两段的内容可知，人工智能将能够快速识别癌症，并且应用到治疗各种癌症之中。由此可推知，作者对人工智能的未来持乐观的态度。4What is the best title for the text?AAI Is Used to Treat CancersBAI May Compete with DoctorsCAI May Make Doctors BetterDAI Is Better at Curing Cancers C解析：标题归纳题。根据对文章的整体理解可推知，人工智能有望很快作为一种有用的工具帮助医生
11、更好地诊断和治疗癌症。B(2020成都第二次诊断)A team of engineers at Harvard University created the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“The added difficulty with a proj
12、ect like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and we have to develop them all on our own，” said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has lo
13、ts of interdependence(互相依赖) of the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything its connected to，” said Wood.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, offboard power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a b
14、uiltin power source, so that it might someday perform datagathering work at rescue sites, in farmers fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insectscale. Yet,
15、the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead，” he said. “So ther
16、e are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a daytoday basis.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。哈佛大学的工程师团队研制出了首个机器苍蝇飞行器，该飞行器虽然尺寸如苍蝇大小，但结构复杂，有望在未来执行搜救点、农田、战场的数据收集任务。5What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly?AIts automatic.BIts very small.CIts cont
17、rollable.DIts quite powerful.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.”可知，这种飞行器设计初衷是为了能做苍蝇做的事，它的尺寸和肥胖的家蝇一样大，微小的翅膀可以让它停在空中执行受控的飞行任务；据此可知，该机器苍蝇飞行器的典型特点是尺
18、寸小，故B项正确。6We can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can _Aact as a spy planeBhelp do farm workCfly at a very high speedDanswer many scientific questionsA解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“so that it might someday perform datagathering work at rescue sites, in farmers fields or on the battlefield”可知，某一天这
19、种飞行器可能用于执行搜救点、农田、战场的数据收集任务；据此可推知，该飞行器可以用作间谍飞机，故A项正确。7What is Woods idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph?AIt is highly questionable.BIt has wide practical applications.CIt gives scientists interest in flying machines.DIt points to a new direction in studying biology.B解析：细节理解题。根据
20、尾段第二句“Yet，the power.could have much broader applications.”并结合Wood所说的话可知，Wood认为这种飞行器使用范围很广泛，故B项正确。8What can be the best title for the passage?AHarvards Study in the Field of InsectsBA Breakthrough in Engineering ScienceCAn Interesting InventionRobotic FlyDRobotic Flya Copy of the Real Life InsectD解析：
21、标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是第一段第一、二句；结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了哈佛大学的工程师团队研制出了首个机器苍蝇飞行器，该飞行器虽然尺寸如苍蝇大小，但结构复杂，有望在未来执行搜救点、农田、战场的数据收集任务。故D项最适合作本文标题。 完形填空(2020重庆调研)In a remote village, selling chestnuts was the main source of livelihood for local villagers. In late autumn, the hills were covered by the trees and chestnuts
22、were _1_ from the branches of the trees, which _2_ with the wind attracting local villagers to _3_ them at this time of year.The villagers took the chestnuts, carried them home and _4_ them out. The whole family sifted(筛) and sorted them according to their _5_， and then transported them to the city
23、for wholesale or retail. Every villager knew that if they wanted to sell for a good price, what really _6_ was to send the selected chestnuts to the market first. Many families, which were short of _7_， would go to the nearby villages to hire workers with high _8_Still, to many peoples _9_， there wa
24、s a young man in the village who could never need help, _10_ he had limited hands. He lived with his blind and old mother. He always arrived at the market one step ahead of the other ones _11_ he could sell out of all the chestnuts and then happily drove back with his truck _12_The secret of the you
25、ng man was: after picking chestnuts, he put them _13_ into a sack(麻袋) and carried them to the truck. When he set out, he chose the road, _14_ and bumpy(不平的), to go, _15_ the small ones would jump to the _16_ of the bag and the larger ones would stay on the top of the bag. It would save time for clas
26、sification and selection. When inquired how he found the way, the young man _17_：“If you put your heart into it, you will find the right way. This is not an accident but a(n) _18_ result.”There will always be people who get _19_ or complain when they hear bad news. As a matter of fact, if you use yo
27、ur head, you will be _20_ to the people and things in the environment. When you turn your mind into action to move forward step by step, you can also create a new world for yourself.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了一个年轻人用便捷的方法筛选栗子的故事，进而启迪读者世上无难事，只怕有心人。1A.holdingBfillingCplantingDhangingD解析：根据语境及常识可知，山丘上遍布树木，栗子
28、从树枝上垂下来(hanging)，故选D。2A.fellBshookCjumpedDfoldedB解析：根据空后的“with the wind”可推知，栗子随风摇动(shook)，吸引当地的村民们在一年中的这个时候来采摘(pick)，故选B。3A.enjoyBviewCseekDpickD解析：参见上题解析。4A.pouredBtookCthoughtDfiguredA解析：根据下文中的“The whole family sifted(筛) and sorted them”可推知，村民们把采摘的栗子带回家，倒(poured)出来，然后才能进行筛选和分类，故选A。5A.shapeBsizeCta
29、steDcolorB解析：根据下文中的“the small ones would jump to the _ of the bag and the larger ones would stay on the top of the bag”可推知，整个家庭根据栗子的大小(size)进行筛选和分类，故选B。6A.matteredBcaredCinterestedDmindedA解析：根据语境可推知，真正要紧(mattered)的是要把挑选好的栗子先送到市场上去，故选A。7A.handsBpowerCexperienceDwaysA解析：根据下文中的“he had limited hands”可推知
30、，许多家庭在这个时候就会缺少人手，会去附近的村子里以高薪(salary)雇人干活，故选A。8A.qualityBquantityCmoneyDsalaryD解析：参见上题解析。9A.puzzlementBreliefCastonishmentDdelightA解析：根据上文可知，在栗子收获的季节许多家庭往往缺少人手，并结合下文可知，这个年轻人从不需要帮忙，由此可推知，这点让很多人困惑(puzzlement)，故选A。10A.only ifBas ifCeven ifDif onlyC解析：根据语境可知，即使(even if)这个年轻人人手有限，但他从不需要帮助。11A.whichBwhereC
31、whomDwhoB解析：分析句子结构可知，本句是一个定语从句，空处在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词“the market”，故选B。12A.fullBfilledCemptyDloadedC解析：根据空前的“he could sell out of all the chestnuts”可知，他能够卖光自己所有的栗子，然后开心地开着空(empty)卡车回家，故选C。13A.suddenlyBshortlyCdirectlyDhurriedlyC解析：根据上文可知，人们把采摘的栗子带回家，倒出来，然后进行筛选和分类，最后才运到市场上卖掉，而这个年轻人直接(directly)把采摘的栗子装进麻袋里，将
32、它们搬上卡车，故选C。14A.toughBroughCregularDsmoothB解析：由空后的“bumpy”为并列结构可推知，他选择的路是高低不平的(rough)，故选B。15A.evenBorCbutDsoD解析：根据语境可知，空处前后表示逻辑上的因果关系，前因后果，故选D。16A.holeBtipCmiddleDbottomD解析：根据下文中的“and the larger ones would stay on the top of the bag”可推知，小些的栗子会快速移动到袋子的底部(bottom)，而大些的栗子会留在上面，故选D。17A.sighedBexcitedCsmile
33、dDsneezedC解析：根据空后的内容可推知，这个年轻人当时是微笑(smiled)着(说)的。sigh“叹气”；excite“使激动，使兴奋”；sneeze“打喷嚏”。18A.unexpectedBnecessaryCaccidentalDdeliberateB解析：根据该句中的“This is not an accident but”可推知，这并非意外，而是必然的(necessary)结果，故选B。19A.strickenBsatisfiedCupsetDsurprisedC解析：根据空后的“or complain when they hear bad news”可知，此处与“compla
34、in”并列，故C项符合语境。20A.sensitiveBaccessibleCrelativeDflexibleA解析：根据上文年轻人的回答“If you put your heart into it, you will find the right way.”和本句中的“if you use your head”可推知，A项符合语境。sensitive“敏感的”；accessible“可进入的”；relative“相对的”；flexible“灵活的”。课时练21篇阅读1篇七选五1篇改错1篇书面表达 阅读理解(2020芜湖高三月考)Fairy tales perform many functi
35、ons. They entertain, encourage imagination and teach problemsolving skills. They can also provide moral lessons, highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings coexist in harmony. Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot, but a team of researchers at Geor
36、gia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart.The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially acceptable ways with examples of proper and imp
37、roper behavior in fables, novels and other literature. We believe story comprehension in robots can prevent the intelligent robots from killing humanity which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology including Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates. This system is called “Quixote”
38、. It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs to get it as soon as possible. The robot has three options. It can wait in line; it
39、 can interact with the storekeeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medicine and escape. Without any further directives(指示), the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of obtaining the medicine is to steal it. But Quixote offers a reward
40、for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it. In this way, the robot will learn the moral way to behave on that occasion.Quixote would work best on a robot that has a very limited function. Its a baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons i
41、nto robots. We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior. Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most efficient means.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。童话故事不但可以娱乐孩子们，还能让机器人拥有道德观念，使其更好地为人
42、类服务。1What function do fairy tales perform in the robots?AThey entertain robots.BThey highlight dangers.CThey make robots more intelligent.DThey enable robots to behave morally.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(artificial intelligence) can take to it
43、s cold, mechanical heart”可知，童话故事可以作为道德经验让人工智能机器人的行为符合道德规范，故D项正确。2What is “Quixote” in the text?AA punishment system.BA character in literature.CA big name in technology.DA kind of software educating robots.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“This system is called Quixote. It collects story plots from the Internet a
44、nd then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.”可知，这个系统被称为“Quixote”；它从互联网上收集故事情节，然后用这些故事来教育机器人如何规范行为，由此可知，Quixote是一种教育机器人的软件，故D项正确。3What does the designer expect robots to do in the experiment?ATo take advantage of its privilege.BTo finish the task most efficiently.CTo perform in a wellman
45、nered way.DTo be rewarded by the storekeeper.C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior.”可推知，设计者希望机器人在实验中的行为能符合道德规范，故C项正确。4Which of the following can best express the authors opini
46、on?ARobots will definitely have more functions.BRobots with humans emotions are perfect.CTraining robots to be socially acceptable is necessary.DThe development of robots is still in a baby step.C解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and i
47、n doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior.”可知，我们认为人工智能必须接受培训以适应特定社会的价值观，这样做，它将努力避免不可接受的行为。据此可推知，训练机器人让其行为符合社会规范是必要的，故C项正确。 七选五(2020湖北八市联考)In the super fastpaced world we live in, happiness may not come as easily as we wish. Here are some tips to make us live happily.Dont avoid or ignore negativity.1_ This can include people in your life who may be bringing you down, a hostile workplace environment or even a personal stressor that you havent conquered quite yet. You are in control of your environ
