1、 HistoryPart One History of the United States I Introduction to British and American Culture1 Learning Focus Columbus and the New World American Indians The Mayflower The War of Independence The American Civil War Introduction to British and American Culture2Introduction to British and American Cult
2、ureWarm-upThink about the following questions.1.Who are the original American people?_2.Do you know where the name“America”came from?_3.Which American holidays do you know?_ Introduction to British and American Culture3Introduction to British and American CultureColonization of North America America
3、n Indians The Discovery of America The First Permanent English Colony The Mayflower The Founding of the Thirteen Colonies Introduction to British and American Culture4Introduction to British and American CultureAmerican Indians About 25,000 years ago Descendants of Asian people-Mongoloid The name“In
4、dians”was given by Christopher Columbus.Introduction to British and American Culture5Introduction to British and American CultureAmerican Indians The Bering Strait was tied together It was possible to for the Indians to walk from Asia to Alaska 25000 years ago.Introduction to British and American Cu
5、lture6Introduction to British and American CultureAmerican Indians Were skilled hunters and fishermen Developed the brilliant American civilizations of the Aztecs,the Incas and the Mayas.Introduction to British and American Culture7Introduction to British and American CultureThe Discovery of America
6、 Columbus In 1492,Columbus landed at one of the Caribbean islands.Columbus called the local people Indians.Introduction to British and American Culture8Introduction to British and American CultureAmerigo Vespucci He first confirmed the fact that a new continent had been discovered.The New World was
7、named America to honor Amerigo Vespucci.Introduction to British and American Culture9Introduction to British and American CultureThe First Permanent English Colony In 1607 Three ships crossed the Atlantic Ocean and landed by the side of a river-the James River.The first English colony was founded at
8、 Jamestown,Virginia.Introduction to British and American Culture10Introduction to British and American CultureThe Mayflower Significance A symbol of early European colonization of the Americas Background oppressed by the Church of England In 1620 102 people sailed in a ship named the“Mayflower”.Land
9、ed in Plymouth,Massachusetts Introduction to British and American Culture11Introduction to British and American CultureThanksgiving Day The 4th Thursday of November A purely American holiday Origin The Indians taught the Englishmen how to plant pumpkins,beans and corn.A celebration was held to give
10、thanks to God.Introduction to British and American Culture12Introduction to British and American CultureThe Founding of the Thirteen Colonies During the first 150 years,the British colonies in North America became a“melting pot”.By the early 1760s,English settlers had established 13 colonies along t
11、he Atlantic coast.Introduction to British and American Culture13Introduction to British and American CultureThe Birth of the United States nThe Conflict between Britain and the American Colonists nThe War of Independence Introduction to British and American Culture142023-5-12The Conflict between Bri
12、tain and the American ColonistsnBackgroundqThe British government started imposing new taxes on sugar,coffee and textiles.qThey passed many laws such as the Quartering Act and the Stamp Act.Introduction to British and American Culture152023-5-12Boston Tea Party nBackground qIn 1773,British governmen
13、t passed a new law-the Tea Act.nSlogan q“No taxation without representation”nTime qDecember 16,1773 nEvent qA group of Americans threw 342 boxes of tea into Boston Harbour.Introduction to British and American Culture162023-5-12The War of IndependencenApril 19,1775qA shot was fired in the village of
14、Lexington and thus the War of Independence began.nMay,1775qThe Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia and began to take on the function of a national government.nJuly 4,1776qDeclaration of Independence was adopted.Introduction to British and American Culture172023-5-12The War of Independenc
15、e Time On October 19,1781 Result The British soldiers were forced to surrender.Consequences George Washington became the first President.The 4th of July became the national holiday of America-the Independence Day.Introduction to British and American Culture18Introduction to British and American Cult
16、ureComplete a Timeline 1763:The French and Indian War ended 1773:_ 1774:The First Continental Congress 1775:_ 1776:_ 1781:_ Boston Tea Party/Tea ActThe War of Independence beganDeclaration of Independence was adoptedThe War of Independence ended Introduction to British and American Culture19Introduc
17、tion to British and American CultureThe American Civil War nNorthern vs.SouthernnUncle Toms Cabin nAbraham Lincoln Introduction to British and American Culture202023-5-12Northern vs.Southern Three significant conflicts between the North and South of America.The slave problem Different economic inter
18、ests The political conflict Major issue Slavery Introduction to British and American Culture21Introduction to British and American CultureNorthern vs.Southern The Southern states Claimed for themselves the Confederate States(or the Confederacy)Slavery continued The Northern States Fought to maintain
19、 the Union Called the Union States Slavery had been abolished Introduction to British and American Culture22Introduction to British and American CultureNorthern vs.SouthernIssuesSouthern StatesNorthern StatesEconomyPlantations_centerSlavery_AbolishedPolitical powerMore powerful_ powerfulSupportThe C
20、onfederacy_Manufacturing Continued Less The Union Introduction to British and American Culture23Introduction to British and American CultureUncle Toms Cabin Published in 1852 By Harriet Beecher Stowe Significance Became the best-selling novel of the 19th century in America.Aroused a great discontent
21、 over slavery.Introduction to British and American Culture24Introduction to British and American CultureAbraham Lincoln March 1861-took the office of the president.April 12,1861-the Civil War began.September 22,1862-issued the Emancipation Proclamation which granted freedom to about 4 million slaves
22、.Made a famous speech in Gettysburg.Introduction to British and American Culture25Introduction to British and American CultureThe Civil War on April 9,1865 The Civil War officially ended with the unconditional surrender of the South.Consequence It resolved two fundamental issues:Slavery was complete
23、ly abolished;America became a single and stronger nation.Introduction to British and American Culture26Introduction to British and American CultureUS in the Two World Wars After World War I Changed from a debtor nation to a creditor nation American industry reached a degree of prosperity unparallele
24、d in the past.After World War II Became the strongest power in the world Introduction to British and American Culture27Introduction to British and American CultureLearning Focus American Indians Columbus and the New World The Mayflower The War of Independence The American Civil War Introduction to British and American Culture28Thank You!292023-5-12
