1、初中知识点复习 八大时态1、一般现在时 1).经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。例：I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2).客观真理、客观存在、科学事实。例：The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.此用法出现在宾语从句中，主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.The teacher told us the earth moves around the
2、sun.3).在在时间、条件时间、条件状语状语从句从句中表示将来的动作。中表示将来的动作。例：例：If it rains tomorrow,Ill stay at home.4).用于某些表达法中表示现在正在发生的动用于某些表达法中表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。作或存在的状态。例：例：Here comes the bus.There goes the bell!1He_swimming in the river every day in summer.(go)2.It_you are right.(seem)3.We will go to the cinema if it_fine.(b
3、e)goesseemsis2、现在进行时1).表示说话时正在进行的动作.常和Now，Look！Listen！或其他铺垫句连用。例：I am reading a book now.Look！They are having a basketball match.Its 7：00 pm.The Greens are watching TV.2).表示现阶段正在进行着的动作但说话时不一定正在进行。例：Mr.Green is writing another novel.（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）1.Look,the children_ basketball on the playground
4、.(play)are playing3、一般过去时 一般过去时表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982等。例：He went to school an hour ago.When I was a child，I often played football in the street.There was an big erathquake in 2008.7.I cant find my pen.Who_it?(take)10.I_my bike,so I have to
5、 walk to school.(lose)11.He_down and began to read his newspaper.(sit)tooklostsat4、过去进行时 1).表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。例：What were you doing at three oclock yesterday afternoon？2).用于when，while 引导的时间状语从句中。用过去进行时表示较长的动作。过去进行时可用于主句，也可用于从句。例：I was doing my homework when someone knocked at the door.While he wa
6、s waiting at the bus stop，the traffic accident happened.（While 后的分句必须用进行时）While I was reading，my sister was sleeping.（表示对比，都用进行时）3).用于表示用于表示过去将来过去将来的动作。常用在间接引语中。的动作。常用在间接引语中。例：例：I asked him whether he was coming back for dinner.1.He_ to the radio when I came in.(listen)2.What_you_ at five yesterday
7、afternoon?(do)was listening weredoing5、过去将来时 过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它常用于宾语从句中。例：He told me he would go to Beijing.He said the train was leaving at six next morning.She said she was going to start at once.8.He said that he_back in five minutes.(come)would come6、一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。
8、常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow，tomorrow morning，next week（year，term），in（two days），soon，the day after tomorrow等。例：I will go to Beijing tomorrow.3).表示在近期按表示在近期按计划或安排计划或安排要进行的动作。要进行的动作。即用即用现在进行体表示将来现在进行体表示将来要发生的动作。但要发生的动作。但一般要与将来时间连用，而且仅限于少量动一般要与将来时间连用，而且仅限于少量动词。例如：词。例如：come，go，start，arrive，leave，stay等。等。例：例
9、：Mr.Smith is leaving for London tomorrow.1.I_with you if I have time.(go)2.I need some paper.I_ some for you.(bring)will gowill bring7、现在完成时1).表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常用的时间状语：already，never，just，before，recently，for+时间段，since+时间点。例：I have lost my key.（说明过去某时丢的，现在还未找到。）2).表示表示过去已经开始，持续到现在过去已经开始，持续到
10、现在的动作或状态。的动作或状态。例：例：I have known him for ten years.3).表示从过去到现在之间表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过曾经经历过的事。的事。例：例：We have been to the Summer Palace twice.They are not here.They have gone to the Summer Palace.例：例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.（到目前为止，（到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花了一个多月时我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花
11、了一个多月时间了。）间了。）注意：因为含有注意：因为含有for加一段时间或加一段时间或since加一个时加一个时间点这样的时间状语的完成时，有动态和延续性间点这样的时间状语的完成时，有动态和延续性的特点，要用的特点，要用延续性动词延续性动词，不能使用瞬间动词。，不能使用瞬间动词。例：例：The old man has been dead for 2 years.（过去分词做表语表示状态，可以延续）（过去分词做表语表示状态，可以延续）The old man died 2 years ago.（终端动（终端动词）词）而现在完成进行时表示某一动作开始于过去某而现在完成进行时表示某一动作开始于过去某一
12、时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续一时间，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。至将来。1.He is very hungry.He_ anything for three days.(not eat)2.We_good friends since we met at school.（be）hasnt eaten have been8、过去完成时 表示过去某时开始，一直持续到另一时间和状态。即动作完成于某个过去时间之前。常用的时间状语：由by，before等词构成的表示时间的介词短语。“过去的过去”这种逻辑关系常通过上下文体现出来，而不一定受某个时间状语的限制。例：We had no
13、t heard from him by the end of last year.She said she had learned French for six years.Practice Take the word work as an example,1.He often _ on the farm.2.He _ on the farm 2 years ago.3.He _ on the farm now.4.He _ on the farm those years.5.He _ on the farm next year.6.He said he _ on the farm the n
14、ext month.7.He _ on the farm for three years.8.He said he _ on the farm for 5 years.worksworkedis workingwas workingwill workwould workhas workedhad workedPractice Take the word work as an example,1.He often _ on the farm.2.He _ on the farm 2 years ago.3.He _ on the farm now.4.He _ on the farm those
15、 years.5.He _ on the farm next year.6.He said he _ on the farm the next month.7.He _ on the farm for three years.8.He said he _ on the farm for 5 years.worksworkedis workingwas workingwill workwould workhas workedhad worked 1.They_since the factory opened.A.had worked here B.have worked here C.are w
16、orking here D.worked here 2.-Have you read this book?-Yes.I _it two weeks ago.A.is reading B.have read C.will read D.readAD3.If he _harder,he will catch up with us soon.A.study B.studies C.will study D.studied4.-May I speak to John?-Sorry,he _Japan.But he _in two days.A.has been to,will come back B.
17、has gone to,will be backC.has been in,would come back D.has gone to,wont come backBB 5.Bad luck!We _Mount Huang when it rained heavily.A.climbed B.were climbing C.are climbing D.have climbed 6.Keep quiet,please.They _a meeting right now.A.have B.had C.are having D.have hadBC 7.Lily said that she_ on the new dress the next day.A.put B.will put C.would put D.have put 8.By the time I got there,the train _ already _.A.have,left B.has left C.was,leaving D.had,left.CD
