《中考英语》初中英语语法知识—定语从句的专项训练及解析答案.docx

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1、一、选择题1-Linda, can you tell me something about Mo Yan?-Sure. He is the writer _won the Nobel Literature Prize.AwhichBwhoseCwhoDwhom2Stephen Curry is a great basketball player _is popular in the United States and even in China.AwhichBwhoCwhat3Lily doesnt know _ she and her friends can do to help the l

2、ittle boy _ parents have left their hometown for making money.Awhat; whoseBhow; whoChow; whose4- Class, you should be thankful to those people _ helped and supported you.- We will. Miss Chen.AwhichBwhomCwhoDwhose5Those students _ from England like Chinese food very much.Awho isBwhich areCthat isDwho

3、 are6Have you got everything_you need to take for the trip? Yes.I have got everying read.AwhoBwhereCthatDwhen7The film _ I like best is Frozen.AwhoBwhereCwhich8The girls are talking about the music and the actors _ were in the film last Saturday.Its really a fantastic film.AwhichBwhoCthatDwhom9 Have

4、 you heard of the famous Huawei company? Sure. Its one of the greatest companies _ make us Chinese proud.AwhichBthatCwhatDwho10 Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? Sure. Its a great TV program _ can develop the habit of reading.AwhoBwhoseCwhatDthat11 Have you found your student car

5、d you lost last week? Yes. Ms. Smith saw it in the classroom corner.AwhoBwhichCwhose:12Yesterday was my birthday. My father sent me a CD _was made by TF Boys.You must be very happy to receive it.AwhoBwhomCwhichDwhat13Lily doesnt know _ she and her friends can do to help the little boy _ parents have

6、 left their hometown for making money.Athat; whoseBhow; whoCwhat; whoDwhat; whose14Look at that girl _ name is Lucy.AwhoBwhoseCwhichDwhom15I hear that Lucys mother is a teacher in our school. Yes, look, the woman _ is teaching over there is her mother.AwhomBwhoCwhatDwhich16Do you know the boy _ is h

7、olding a ball over there?Yes. Hes my classmate.AwhichBwhoseCwhatDwho17The movie _ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.AwhoBthatCwhereDwhen18Qian Xuesen, the father of Chinas space program, is a man _all Chinese should remember.AwhatBwhoCwhich19Friends are those_always help you out and encourage

8、 you to succeed.AwhomBwhichCwho20Do you like the music that you relaxed?AmakeBmakingCmakes21The boy _won the first prize is called Joy.AwhenBwhomCwhichDwho22-Do you know the man passed away on October 30, 2018?- Jin Yong, one of the greatest Kung Fu fiction writers in China.AwhoBwhatCwhichDwhom23Ros

9、a likes music _ is quiet and gentle.Awhen Bthat Cwhere Dwho24This is the reason _he gave for his absence from school.It is the least believable excuse _I have ever heard.Athat; thatBwhy; /Cwhy; whichDfor which; that25Have you heard of Junko Tabei?Yes, she was the first woman _ succeeded in reaching

10、the top of Qomolangma.AwhoBwhomCwhichDthat【参考答案】*试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1C解析:C【解析】【详解】句意:-琳达,你能告诉我一些关于莫言的事情吗?-当然。他是获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家。考查定语从句,先行词为the writer(人),关系代词在定语从句中作主语。who可以指代人,可作主语;whom 只能作宾语;whose 作定语;which 只能指代物。故选:C。2B解析:B【解析】【详解】句意:Stephen Curry是一位伟大的篮球运动员,他在美国甚至在中国都很受欢迎。本题考查定语从句的关系词。A. which作为关系词无实义;B

11、. who作为关系词代指人;C. what不能引导定语从句。根据句意和结构可知,定语从句的先行词是player运动员即Stephen Curry,所以此处应填代指人的关系词who。故选B。3A解析:A【解析】【详解】句意:Lily 不知道她和她的朋友们能做些什么,来帮助那个父母为了钱离开家乡的小男孩。考查宾语从句和定语从句。A. what什么;whose谁的;B. how如何;who谁;C. how如何; whose谁的。根据she and her friends can do可知,此处do后面缺宾语,即“做的事情”,所以第一空用what;根据parents have left their h

12、ometown for making money是boy的后置定语,是对boy的进一步解释说明,且parents和boy之间是“所属”关系,所以第二空用whose。故选A。4C解析:C【解析】句意:同学们,你们应该感谢那些帮助你们和支持你们的人。陈小姐,我们会的。which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语、宾语和表语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语或宾语。whose引导定语从句,修饰人或物,作定语;此处修饰先行词people,表示人,作定语从句的主语,故用who。故选C。5D解析:D【解析】【详解】句意:那些来自英国的学生们非常喜欢中国食物。考查定

13、语从句。先行词“Those students”指人,关系代词用who或that均可;先行词是复数形式,从句中be动词用are。故选D。【点睛】时刻牢记定语从句关系词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语要根据先行词的单复数来确定,保持主谓一致。6C解析:C【解析】【详解】句意:你已经准备好了了这次旅行需要带的一切东西吗?考查定语从句的关系词。定语从句中的先行词为everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,few等不定代词时,定语从句只能用关系代词that引导此定语从句;根据先行词是everything,可知选C。7C解析:C【解析】【详解】句意:

14、我最喜欢的电影是冰雪奇缘。考查定语从句。who谁;where哪里;which哪个。此句是定语从句,先行词为film,是物,关系词用that或者which。故选C。【点睛】定语从句中,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。which一般指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语,作宾语的关系代词which可以省略。例如:The river which runs through the centre of the city brings us lots of pleasure.This is the book (which) you are looking for.8C解析:C【解析】【详解】句意:女孩们正在谈论上星期六

15、电影里的音乐和演员。它真是很棒的一部电影。考查定语从句的关系词辨析。which先行词是物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;who先行词是物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;that先行词可以既有人也有物,也可以是人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whom先行词是人,在定语从句中作宾语,由空格前面的先行词the music and the actors可知,先行词既指人又指物时要用关系代词that。故选C。9B解析:B【解析】【详解】句意:你听说过著名的华为公司吗?当然,这是让我们中国人感到骄傲的最伟大的公司之一。考查定语从句关系词。which定语从句关系词,先行词是物;that定语从句关系词,先行词是人或

16、物;what不能引导定语从句;who定语从句关系词,先行词是人。先行词companies是物,且被形容词最高级the greatest修饰,故只能用that引导。根据题意,故选B。10D解析:D【解析】【详解】句意:你喜欢中央电视台的每周脱口秀朗读者吗?当然喜欢。这是一个很好的电视节目,可以培养阅读的习惯。本题考查定语从句。who引导定语从句,修饰人;whose引导定语从句,作定语;what什么,引导名词性从句;that,引导定语从句,修饰事物和人。此处修饰先行词TV program,用that引导定语从句,故选D。11B解析:B【解析】【详解】句意:你找到上周丢的学生证了吗?是的。史密斯女士

17、在教室的角落里看到了它。考查定语从句中的引导词辨析。A.who谁,定语从句的引导词,指人,在定语从句中做主语; B.which哪一个,定语从句的引导词,指物,在定语从句中做主语和宾语; C.whose谁的,定语从句的引导词,指人,在定语从句中做定语 。根据先行词 student card 是物,应用which故选B。12C解析:C【解析】【详解】句意:昨天是我的生日。我父亲送给我一张由TF男孩制作的CD。A. who关系词,先行词指人;句中做主语或宾语;B. whom关系词,先行词指人;句中做宾语;C. which关系词,先行词指物;D. what不能引导定语从句,考查定语从句,先行词是CD表

18、示物,定语从句中做主语,因此关系代词用which。 故选C.。13D解析:D【解析】that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分,只起连接作用;how引导宾语从句,一般做方式状语;what引导宾语从句,做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意:莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩,他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句,what,什么,充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句,the little 宾语boy和parents是逻辑上的所有关系,故引导词用whose,选D。考点:英语从句14B解析:B【解析】试题分析:句意:看那个叫露西的女孩。Whose name is Lu

19、cy为一定语从句,修饰前面的先行词that girl;定语从句中的主语缺少一个定语即女孩的名字;故选B。考点:考查定语从句的引导词。15B解析:B【解析】【详解】句意:我听说露西的妈妈是我们学校的一名教师。是的,看,正在那里教学的女人是她的妈妈。考查定语从句。whom关系代词,指人,在从句中作宾语;who关系代词,指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;what定语从句关系词没有what;which关系代词,指物,在从句中作主语和宾语。先行词是the woman,指人,且在从句中作主语,用who,故选B。16D解析:D【解析】【详解】句意:你认识在那里拿着球的那个男孩吗?是的。他是我同学。考查定语从句引导

20、词。which是关系代词,引导定语从句,指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语;whose是关系代词,引导定语从句,修饰指人或者指物的先行词,在定语从句中作定语;what引导名词性从句,不能引导定语从句;who是关系代词,引导定语从句,指人,在定语从句中作主语。题干中定语从句的先行词为the boy,是人,在从句中作主语,故用who做引导词。故选D。17B解析:B【解析】【详解】句意:我看过两次的电影是流浪地球。考查定语从句关系代词辨析。who 谁,指人并在从句中作主语的关系代词;that 无实际意义,即可指人也可指物的关系代词;where 表地点的关系副词;when 表时间的关系副词。根据句子结构,是

21、一个定语从句。先行词是movie,指物,在从句中作宾语,所以用关系代词that。故选B。【点睛】定语从句中关系词的判断。首先看从句中缺少的成分,如果缺时间状语或地点状语,就用关系副词when或where;如果缺宾语或主语,就用关系代词。先行词指人,并在从句中作主语,就用关系代词who或that;先行词指物,并在从句中作主语或宾语,就用关系代词that。18B解析:B【解析】【详解】句意:钱学森,中国太空计划之父,是一个所有中国人都应该记住的人。考查定语从句。what引导名词性从句;who引导定语从句,先行词是人;which引导定语从句,先行词是物,根据句意,分析句子结构,可知本句为定语从句,先

22、行词为a man,所以关系代词用who,故选B。19C解析:C【解析】【详解】句意:朋友是那些总是帮助你,鼓励你成功的人。本题考查定语从句。whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,宾语或表语。此处引导定语从句,先行词those指的是人,定语从句中缺少主语,用who引导。故选C。20C解析:C【解析】【详解】句意:你喜欢让你放松的音乐吗?考查谓语动词。本句是定语从句,先行词是music,第三人称单数,关系代词that在定语从句中做主语,可知定语从句的谓语动词使用三单形式,填makes;故选C。21D解析

23、:D【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析:句意:获得一等奖的那个男孩叫罗伊。本题中修饰boy是一个定语从句,修饰人的用who,在从句中做主语,故答案选D。22A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:你认识那个在2018年10月30日去世的人吗?金庸,中国最伟大的武侠小说作家之一。考查关系代词。what不能引导定语从句;故排除B;which的先行词是物或事情,故排除C;根据Do you know the man passed away on October 30, 2018?可知本句为定语从句,先行词the man指人,定语从句中缺少句子主语,所以应用关系代词who/that,whom在定语从句中作

24、宾语;结合选项可知A选项符合题意,故答案选A。23B解析:B【解析】试题分析:句意:Rosa喜欢娴雅斯文的歌曲。本题考查定语从句的引导词,先行词music是物,且引导词在定语从句中作定语。故选B。24A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:这就是他为自己旷课给出的原因。这是我听过的最不可信的借口。考查定语从句。根据句意可知,第一个空格所在句是定语从句,先行词为reason,根据定语从句中的动词give后缺少宾语,故使用关系代词that指代先行词,作give的宾语。故第一个空格用that;第二个空所在句也是个定语从句,先行词excuse前被形容词最高级修饰,故用that作先行词。第二个空格填that。故选A。25D解析:D【解析】【详解】句意:你听说过Junko Tabei吗?是的,她是第一个成功登上珠穆朗玛峰的女人。考查定语从句。who用来指人;whom用来指人,宾格;which用来指物;that既可以指人,也可以指物。根据题干可知,本句为定语从句,先行词woman是人,在句中作主语,而且前面有the first限制,所以只能选择that,故答案选D。

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