1、09汽车运用专业汽车专业英语习题集练习题一一、单词互译 (每空1 分，共 20 分)A英译汉 共10题 每题一分1、 Automobile 2、 Classification 3、 Combustion 4、 Chamber 5、 Circulate 6、 Crankshaft 7、 Antifreeze 8、 Carburetor 9、 Mechanics 10、Airfuel mixture B 汉译英 共10 题 每题一分1、 连杆n. 2 、点燃 n.3 、简洁地 adv. 4 、（使）旋转 v. 5 、发动机n. 6 、要求v. 7 、输送v. 8 、活塞n. 9 、系统n. 10、
2、气缸n.二、词汇和语法（每小题1分，共20分）1、The _ of piston movement is called TDC (top dead center).A、upper limit B、lower limit C、limit2、The _ of piston movement is called BDC (bottom dead center).A、lower limit B、upper limit C、limit3、A _ is piston movement from TDC to BDC or from BDC to TDC.A、stroke B、stage C、state4、
3、The _ is rotated as the piston is pushed down by the pressure above it.A、crankshaft B、crankpin C、break5、The actions _ can be divided into four stages, or strokes.A、taken place in the engine cylinderB、taking place in the engine cylinderC、take place in the engine cylinder6、In other words, the piston c
4、ompletes a stroke _ it charges its direction of motion.A、every time B、each time C、each times7、”Stroke” _ piston movement.A、refer to B、refers to C、prefer to8、A stroke occurs _ the piston moves from one limiting position to the other.A、while B、when C、which9、By the time the piston reaches TDC, the mixt
5、ure _ to as little as one-tenth of its original volume, or over less.A、had been compressed B、has been compressed C、compressed10、When the air-fuel mixture is compressed, _ does the pressure in the cylinder go up, _ the temperature of the mixture_ increases.A、not onlybut also B、not onlybut and C、notbu
6、t 11、The cylinder pressure _ as much as 3-5 Mpa or even more.A、go up B、increases C、add12. But as the higher pressures is called upon to withstand very much greater stresses higher pressures in cylinders. A. because B. because of C. due to13. The diesel engine is more efficient, because it higher com
7、pression ratio. A. have B. has C. had14. This advantage prevents the diesel engine replacing the gasoline engine in some automobiles and airplanes. A. to B. for C. from15. In any internal combustion engine burning fuel heats air consequently.A. which B. that C. when16. We all know that diesel engine
8、s ( ) work in the same way as gasoline engine do.A. in principle B. in other words C. in turn 17. Up to 40 per cent of the chemical energy of the burning fuel changed into mechanical energy. A. will be B. would be C. may be 18. As it were, into waiting charge at the required instant.A. a B. an C. th
9、e19. It has more substantial construction and is thus heavier.A. to be of B. to be C. to be that20. The same series of events take place again and continue the engine runs.A. when B. as C. as long as 三、阅读与理解（20题，每题2分，共40分）Part 1The actions taking place in the engine cylinder can be divided into four
10、 stages, or stroke. “Stroke” refers to piston movement; a stroke occurs when the piston moves from one limiting position to the other. The upper limit of piston movement is called TDC (top dead center). The lower limit of piston movement is called BDC (bottom dead center). A stroke is piston movemen
11、t from TDC to BDC or from BDC to TDC. In other words, the piston completes a stroke each time it changes its direction of motion.Where the entire cycle of events in the cylinder requires four strokes (or two crankshaft revolutions), the engines is called a four-stroke-cycle engine, or a four-cycle e
12、ngine. The four piston strokes are intake, compression, power, and exhaust.1. What do we see from the paragraphs? ( )A. What is stroke? B. What is engine? C. What is cylinder?2. Which one Statement is true according the above first paragraph? ( ) A. A four-stroke-cycle engine means that four strokes
13、 is required when it finish the whole cycle. B. A stroke is not piston movement from TDC to BDC, but from BDC to TDC.C. The lower limit of piston movement is called TDC (top dead center).3. What is BDC in the term of automobile industry? ( ) A. Bottom dead center. B. Top dead center. C. Neither of A
14、 and B.4. Which one Statement is TRUE according the last paragraph? ( ) A. The four strokes occur in two crankshaft revolutions. B. The four strokes occur in four crankshaft revolutions. C. The four strokes occur in one crankshaft revolutions.5. Which one Statement is TURE according the article? ( )
15、 A. The four piston strokes are intake, compression, power, and exhaust. B. The four piston strokes are intake, compression, power, and inhauls. C. The four piston strokes are intake, combining, power, and exhaust.Part 2Power stroke: As the piston reaches TDC on the compression stroke, an electric s
16、park is produced at the spark plug. The ignition system delivers a high-voltage surge of electricity to the spark plug to produce the spark. The spark ignites, or sets fire to, the air-fuel mixture. It now beings to burn very rapidly, and the cylinder pressure increases to as much as 3-5 Mpa or even
17、 more. This terrific push against the piston forces it downward, and a power impulse is transmitted through the connecting rod to the crankpin on the crankshaft. The crankshaft is rotated as the piston is pushed down by the pressure above it.6. Which topic is fit with the paragraph? ( ) A. Power str
18、oke B. Compression stroke. C. Exhaust stroke. 7. Which one Statement is TURE according the article? ( ) A. The terrific push against the piston forces it downward. B. The slight push against the piston forces it downward. C. This little push against the piston forces it downward.8. Which word or phr
19、ase can change the word “ignites”? ( ) A. sets fire to B. shoots at C. charges 9. Which one Statement is TURE according the article? ( ) A. The ignition system delivers a high-voltage surge of electricity to the spark plug to begin the spark. B. The ignition system delivers a low-voltage surge of el
20、ectricity to the spark plug to defend the spark. C. The ignition system delivers a constant-voltage surge of electricity to the spark plug to produce the spark.10. When the air-fuel mixture beings to burn very rapidly, how much does the cylinder pressure increase to? ( )A. As much as 3-5 Mpa or even
21、 more.B. As much as 3-5 bar or even more.C. About 3-5 Kpa. Part 3 We all know that diesel engines, in principle, work in the same way as gasoline engines do. Both kinds of engines are internal combustion engines, but each of them has its characteristic features. Now let us compare the diesel engine
22、with the gasoline engine. Firstly, the explosive mixture of the gasoline engine is provided by a carburetor, but in the case of the diesel engine the supply is affected by an injection or “jerk” pump which forces a “shot” of fuel into each cylinder in turn according to the correct firing sequence. S
23、econdly, the fundamental difference between gasoline and diesel engines is that in the gasoline engine the source of the heat for igniting the charge, namely, an electric spark, is generated outside the engine, and is taken, as it were, into the waiting charge at the required instant. In the diesel
24、engine the source of heat for igniting the charge is created within the engine by compressing pure air to a degree that will initiate combustion and then injecting the fuel at the right time in relation to the movement of the crankshaft.11. What do we see from the first paragraph? ( )A. Diesel engin
25、es work in the same mean as gasoline engines do.B. Diesel engines dont work in the same way as gasoline engines do.C. Either of A and B. 12. Which one Statement is true in the article? ( )A. the explosive mixture of the gasoline engine is provided by a carburetor. B. the fuel supply of the diesel en
26、gine is affected by an injection or “jerk” pump. C. both of A and B13. What is the fundamental difference between gasoline and diesel engines? ( ) A. In the gasoline engine, an electric spark plug is required in a cylinder. B. In the diesel engine, an electric spark plug is required in a cylinder. C
27、. Both of A and B. 14. Which one Statement is true in the term of diesel engines in the article? ( ) A. the diesel engine the supply is affected by an injection.B. the diesel engine the supply is affected by or a “jerk” pumpC. Both A and B.15. Which topic is fit with the article? ( ) A. Diesel engin
28、e operating features. B. Gasoline engine operating features. C. Jerk pump operating features. Part 4 Both classes of engines are of very similar construction. But as the higher pressure is called upon in cylinders, it has to be of more substantial construction, and is thus heavier. In general, the d
29、iesel engine may weigh about 9.25 kilograms per kilowatt. The most important advantage of the gasoline engine is its lower weight per kilowatt. The gasoline engine for automobiles may weigh about 6.17 kilograms per kilowatt, and gasoline engines for airplanes may weigh as 0.77 kilograms per kilowatt
30、. This advantage prevents the diesel engine form replacing the gasoline engine in some automobiles and airplanes. In addition, the engine runs cooler than the gasoline engine. This advantage is especially obvious at lower speeds. Diesel oil is not only cheaper than gasoline, but also safer to store.
31、16. Which one Statement is true in the term of engines in the article? ( ) A. Both classes of engines are of very similar construction. B. Both classes of engines are of a little similar construction. C. Both classes of engines are NOT of similar construction.17. How many kilograms per kilowatt may
32、the diesel engine weigh generally? ( ) A. about 9.25B. about 0.77C. about 6.1718. What is the most important advantage of the gasoline engine? ( )A. its lower weight per kilowatt. B. its higher weight per kilowatt. C. neither of A and B19. What advantage is especially obvious at lower speeds for die
33、sel engines?. ( ) A. the diesel engine runs cooler than the gasoline engine. B. the diesel engine runs hotter than the gasoline engine. C. the diesel engine runs harder than the gasoline engine.20. Which one Statement is true in the term of engines in the article? ( )A. Diesel oil is cheaper than ga
34、soline. B. Diesel oil is safer to store than gasoline. C. both of A and B. 四、句子英译汉（每小题5分，2小题，共10分）1、“Stroke” refers to piston movement; a stroke occurs when the piston moves from one limiting position to the other.2、The cylinder pressure increases to as much as 3-5 Mpa or even more.五、句子汉译英（每小题5分，共10
35、分）1、换句话说，活塞每完成一个行程，就改变一次其远动的方向。2、当活塞到达上止点时，可燃混合气被压缩到只有原体积的十分之一，甚至更少。练习题二一、单词互译 (每小题1 分，共 20 分) A、英译汉1、stroke _ 2、limit _3、event _ 4、revolve _5、valve _ 6、take place _7、divideinto _ 8、refer to _9、in other words _ 10、by the time _B、汉译英1、密封v. _ 2、火花塞n. _3、冲击、脉动v. _ 4、了不起adv. _5、推动力n. _ 6、少到 p. _7、甚至更少p.
36、 _ 8、不仅而且p. _9、多达p. _ 10、甚至更多p. _二、词汇和语法（每小题1分，共20分）1、 The mixture is delivered to the engine it is burned. A where B which C who 2、The engine requires a fuel system to supply it a mixture of air and fuel. A of B off C with3、The motion is carried through the power train to the car wheels so that the
37、y rotate and the car moves . A rotary B revolve C revolution4、the cylinder pressure to as much as 35MPa or even more.A raise B. increase C. increases5、In words , the piston completes a stroke each time it changes its direction of motion. A other B another C the other 6、A stroke when the piston moves
38、 from one limiting position to the other.A happen B occur C occurs 7、When the air-fuel mixture is compressed not only the pressure in the cylinder go up ,but the temperature of the mixture also increases. A do B did C Does 8、 the time the piston reaches TDC ,the mixture has been compressed to as lit
39、tle as onetenth of its original volume ,or even less. A on B at C by 9、The actions taking place in the engine cylinder can be divided into four , or strokes. A. stage B. period C. stages10、The of the lubricating system is to supply all moving parts inside the enginewith lubricating oil. A aim B goal
40、 C purpose 11、What shall we do to keep the parts from rust. A get B got C getting 12、These five system are discussed in the following sections. A briefly B brief C terse 13、The burning of gasoline inside the engine high pressure. A engender B produce C produces 14、The engine also needs a system. A c
41、oolant B cooling C antifreeze 15、The engine is the source of power that the wheels around and the car move. A make go B makes got C makes go16、The coolant gets hot I goes through the engine. A when B where C as17、The automobile engine is an combustion engine. A internal B inside C interior 18、The co
42、olant continually take heat the engine. A of B from C away 19、The engine a fuel system to supply it with a mixture of air and fuel. A ask B require C requires 20、The oil keeps moving parts from wearing . A excessive B excessively C over三、阅读与理解（20题，每题2分，共40分）Part 1The actions taking place in the engi
43、ne cylinder can be divided into four stages, or stroke. “Stroke” refers to piston movement; a stroke occurs when the piston moves from one limiting position to the other. The upper limit of piston movement is called TDC (top dead center). The lower limit of piston movement is called BDC (bottom dead
44、 center). A stroke is piston movement from TDC to BDC or from BDC to TDC. In other words, the piston completes a stroke each time it changes its direction of motion.Where the entire cycle of events in the cylinder requires four strokes (or two crankshaft revolutions), the engines is called a four-stroke-cycle engine, or a four-cycle e
