1、Follow-up5Summary and assignmentScanning:2nd reading for detailsSkimming:1st reading for outlineLead-in3412Contents6Language pointsLead-in-critical thinking on a video clipWhat stereotype does the video clip imply?-pair discussion on the stereotype Pair discussion(5 minutes):What careers are conside
2、red to be“men-dominated”?What may contribute to this stereotype?Mens dominancemechanicstatesmanengineerastronautfaulty premisesfaulty premise:a mistaken statement from which another follows as a conclusion错误的前提错误的前提-pair discussion on faulty premises Pair discussion(3 minutes):What faulty premises d
3、o people have towards women?Women are home-dominatedFaulty premise 1 Women are physically weak Faulty premise 2 Women genetically do better in liberal arts than in scienceFaulty premise 3If we focus more on how flexible we are,on how powerful our brains are,things may be different.mechanic:a person
4、whose job is to repair and maintain machinesengineerastronautstatesmanA Woman Can Learn Anything a Man CanPresident of KoreaCEO of IBMNobel Prize winner in physicsSkimming:1st reading for outline-fast reading in 10 minutesPart 1(paras 1-5)An incidentPart 2(paras 6-9)The effortsPart 3(paras 10-11)The
5、 conclusionHow she stumbled into engineeringHow she has overcome obstacles,including the bias against womenHow can a woman learn anything a man canPart 1:how she stumbled into engineering When I was a kid para 1 When I was in college para 2 When I was in high school.paras 3-5Scanning:2nd reading for
6、 details-analysis of the textPart 2:how she has overcome obstaclesMany people thinkwomen are not good at mathto do what I am best atIm no good at algebramath comes naturally to menI discovered stumble into difficulty doesnt mean simple indication you cant judge a persons abilitypara 6para 7para 8par
7、a 9Part 3:how can a women learn anything a man can?(para 11)to have confidence in oneselfTo know that she can do it to risk in the field that is considered unsuitable for womenTo take a leap of faith to accept others opinions with ones own judgmentTo have selective hearingLanguage Points1 When I was
8、 a kid,everything in my bedroom was pink.I have two sisters and we had a complete miniature kitchen,a herd of My Little Ponies and several Barbie and Ken dolls.We didnt have any toy trucks,G.I.Joes or basketballs.We did have a Wiffle-ball set,but you would have been hard-pressed to find it in our pl
9、ayroom.Tomboys we werent.A Woman Can Learn Anything a Man CanCarolyn Turk2 So some people may find it ironic that I grew up to be a mechanical engineer.In fact,I am the only female engineer at my company.In order to get my college degree,I had to take a lot of math and science classes.I also had to
10、work with a team of students as part of a national competition to convert a gas-guzzling SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle thats where I learned how to fix cars.Im proud to say that I got As in all my classes,including multivariable calculus and differential equations.Ive always been pretty good at
11、 math and design,but I didnt understand where that could take me.I was expected to go to college,but no one ever told me Id make a good engineer someday.3 When I was in high school,I didnt know the first thing about engineering.I couldnt have distinguished a transmission from an alternator.The car I
12、 drove needed some work but I was afraid to take it to the mechanic.Because honestly,the mechanic could have shown me an electric can opener and said,“This is part of your car and its broken pay me to fix it,”and I wouldnt have known any better.4 At the end of my junior year of high school,I heard a
13、bout a summer program designed to interest girls in engineering.The six-week program was free,and students were given college credit and a dorm room at the University of Maryland.I applied to the program,not because I wanted to be an engineer,but because I was craving independence and wanted to get
14、out of my parents house for six weeks.5 I was accepted to the program and I earned six engineering credits.The next year I entered the university as an engineering major.Five years later I had a degree and three decent job offers.6 I cant help shuddering when I hear about studies that show that wome
15、n are at a disadvantage when it comes to math.They imply that I am somehow abnormal.Im not,but I do know that if I hadnt stumbled into that summer program,I wouldnt be an engineer.7 When I was growing up I was told,as many students are,to do what I am best at.But I didnt know what that was.Most peop
16、le think that when you are good at something,it comes easily to you.But this is what I discovered:just because a subject is difficult to learn,it does not mean you are not good at it.You just have to grit your teeth and work harder to get good at it.Once you do,theres a strong chance you will enjoy
17、it more than anything else.8 In eighth grade I took algebra.On one test I got only 36 percent of the answers correct.I failed the next one,too.I started to think,Maybe Im just no good at this.I was lucky enough to have a teacher who didnt take my bad grades as a judgment of my abilities,but simply a
18、s an indication that I should study more.He pulled me aside and told me he knew I could do better.He let me retake the tests,and I pulled my grade up to an A.9 I studied a lot in college,too.I had moments of panic while sitting underneath the buzzing fluorescent lights in the engineering library on
19、Saturday afternoons,when I worried that the estrogen in my body was preventing me from understanding thermodynamics.But the guys in my classes had to work just as hard,and I knew that I couldnt afford to lose confidence in myself.I didnt want to choose between my femininity and a good career.So I re
20、minded myself that those studies,the ones that say that math comes more naturally to men,are based on a faulty premise:that you can judge a persons abilities separate from the cultural cues that she has received since she was an infant.No man is an island.No woman is,either.10 Why are we so quick to
21、 limit ourselves?Im not denying that most little girls love dolls and most little boys love videogames,and it may be true that some people favor the right side of their brain,and others the left.But how relevant is that to me,or to anyone,as an individual?Instead of translating our differences into
22、hard and fast conclusions about the human brain,why cant we focus instead on how incredibly flexible we are?Instead of using what we know as a reason why women cant learn physics,maybe we should consider the possibility that our brains are more powerful than we imagine.11 Heres a secret:math and sci
23、ence dont come easily to most people.No one was ever born knowing calculus.A woman can learn anything a man can,but first she needs to know that she can do it,and that takes a leap of faith.It also helps to have selective hearing.Crossword Puzzle1.miniature 1)n.a small copy of sth.e.g.The miniature
24、folk art of fruit pit carving has been practiced in China for centuries,and is still praised for turning useless fruit stones into valuable works of art.2)prefix learning:“大”and“小”mini-minimumminimizeminimalmaxi-maximummaximizemaximal2.a herd of 1)n.a large group of Do you have any idea what is“herd
25、 mentality”?2)Translation:一位老妇人正在山坡上放牧山羊。An old woman was _ up the mountainside.herding the goatsa swarm of beesa herd of cattlea flock of birdsa throng/crowd of peoplea pack of wolvesa school of fisha gang of robbers3.mechanical 1)a.having sth.to do with machinery,machine like e.g.Most crops are ha
26、rvested mechanically in America.2)Translation:女服务员站在门边，脸上挂着僵硬的笑容。The waitress stood beside the gate,_.3)Reflection:mechanic (n.)机修工 mechanics(n.)力学，机械学with a mechanical smile on her face4.convert 1)v.to change e.g.I must convert sorrow into strength.2)Translation:convert a bedroom into a bathroom把厕所
27、改建成卧室converted to Buddhism皈依佛教convert pounds into kilos把磅换算成千克My husband converted me to football.我丈夫让我爱上了足球。5.not know the first thing about sth.1)Paraphrase:not know anything about 2)Translation:很难想象一个对游泳一窍不通的人如何成为了游泳教练。Its hard to imagine how a guy who _ turned into a swimming coach.doesnt know t
28、he first thing about swimming6.distinguish 1)v.to tell the difference e.g.distinguish A from B;e.g.distinguish between A and B 2)Translation:要想成功，很重要的是要分清楚哪些是正事，哪些是娱乐。If you want to succeed,its very important to _.distinguish between business and pleasure 3)Collocation:distinguish oneself:do sth.so
29、well that you are admired and praised for it e.g.He didnt distinguish himself in high school.4)Reflection:distinguished (a.)杰出的7.transmission 1)n.the sending or passing from one to another e.g.The letter was delayed in transmission.2)Translation:the transmission of bird flu virus 禽流感的传播the transmiss
30、ion of TV programs电视节目的播放the transmission of electronic data 电子数据的传输3)prefix learning:trans-trans-transmittransacttransplanttranslatetransfertransittransfer8.not know any better 1)Paraphrase:do sth bad or stupid because you havent been told that it is wrong 2)Translation:小孩子经常说些冒犯的话因为他们不懂事。Kids ofte
31、n says something offensive because _.3)Cf.know better than to do sth e.g.As a nurse you ought know better than to begin strenuous exercise immediately after lunch.they dont know any better9.crave 1)v.feel a powerful desire for sth.e.g.crave(for)sth.e.g.The henpecked husband crave a life without fina
32、ncial constraints.2)Translation:没有安全感的孩子渴望关注。_.3)Association:desire sth.long for sth.An insecure child craves attention10.decent 1)a.good enough;socially acceptable e.g.He earns a decent wage.2)Translation:a decent standard of living体面的生活a decent salary像样的薪水a decent sized hole很大的洞a decent man正派的人11.
33、when it comes to 1)Paraphrase:when the subject being discussed is(a particular thing)e.g.When it comes to chocolate,resistance is futile.e.g.Many students like to chat up a storm online,but when it comes to real people,they have a fear of communicating.12.imply 1)v.If an event or situation implies t
34、hat something is the case,it makes you think that it is the case.e.g.Does all of this imply that gold is a perfect forecaster of general price e.g.Roses barrister implied that he had married her for her money.2)Cf.imply vs.infer If you imply that something is the case,you suggest that it is the case
35、 without actually saying so.If you infer that something is the case,you decide that it must be the case because of what you know,but without actually being told.13.abnormal 1)a.different,esp.in an undesirable way e.g.Those who have had close contact with people infected by H7N9 have been placed unde
36、r medical observation and have exhibited no abnormal symptoms,the commission said.1)enter by accidentstumble into crime2)walk unsteadily stumble out of the bar3)miss a step and fall or nearly fall stumble over the tree root 4)encounter by chance(across，on，upon)14.stumble into stumble across ones old
37、 friend15.grit ones teeth 1)Paraphrase:press ones teeth together tightly in anger or determination 咬紧牙关 e.g.Gritting my teeth,I did my best to stifle one or two remarks.e.g.There is going to be hardship,but we have to grit our teeth and get on with it.16.indicate 1)v.show sth.,esp.by pointing;be a s
38、ign of sth.e.g.A red sky at night indicates fine weather the following day.2)Translation:_(数据表明)more than 90 percent of female students experience gender discrimination in the job market,while more than 40 percent believe it is harder for women to get an offer than men.The figures indicate that17.pa
39、nic 1)n.a very strong feeling of anxiety or fear that makes you act without thinking carefully e.g.An earthquake has hit Lushan,causing damage to buildings and panic among the population.2)v.you suddenly feel anxious or afraid,and act quickly and without thinking carefully e.g.Guests panicked and sc
40、reamed when the bomb exploded in Boston.The panic-stricken fled in all directions.18.buzz 1)v.make a humming sound;be full of excited talk,gossip or rumors e.g.The Students Center is buzzing with various activities every night.2)Translation:更多的问题在我头脑中翻腾。Many more questions were _.buzzing around in m
41、y head19.femininity 1)n.the qualities that are considered to be typical of women e.g.femininity concept 女性观 e.g.Masculinity and Femininity 男性特征和女性气质 2)Reflection:feminine(a.)具有女性气质的 feminism(n.)女权主义运动 feminist (n.)女权主义者20.faulty 1)a.having a fault;imperfect e.g.“I have always told them not to worry,
42、but the truth is I carry a faulty gene,BRCA1,which sharply increases my risk of developing breast cancer and ovarian cancer.”Angelina Jolie21.premise 1)n.a statement that is assumed to be true and from which a conclusion can be drawn e.g.A judicial explanation intended to resolve real estate dispute
43、s in divorce has sparked controversy over the premise that the deprivation of wives co-ownership of the couples home will make them feel both insecure and unromantic.2)Translation:additional premise 附加前提planning premise 计划前提premise validity 前提有效性22.Im not denying that 1)Paraphrase:I admit that most
44、young girls like dolls and young boys like video games.2)Double Negative:used for emphasis e.g.We dont know nothing about it.e.g.Nobody dont know where we are from.23.relevant 1)a.(to)having a bearing on or connection with the subject at issue.e.g.For Obama,his color isnt relevant to whether he is a
45、 good president.2)Translation:雾霾的频发与汽车尾气的排放有很大关系。The high occurrence of haze _ the emissions from automobiles.is greatly relevant to 3)Reflection:relevance/relevancy(n.)相关性 relevantly(ad.)相关地 irrelevant(a.)无关的 4)Association:relate-relation-relative-related 24.Instead ofwe are?Instead ofwe imagine.1)
46、parallel sentence 2)Translation:为什么要对人与人之间的区别下定结论，说成与大脑有关，而不能把注意力集中到我们所具备的难以置信的灵活性上去呢？也许我们应该考虑我们的大脑肯能比我们想象的强大很多，而不应该用我们所知的一点东西来阐述女人学不会物理的理由。25.incredibly 1)ad.surprisingly;hard to believe e.g.I felt incredibly embarrassed.2)Inflection:incredible(a.)令人难以置信的 3)Translation:到2013年五月，电影致我们终将逝去的青春票房收入超过7亿
47、，这真是令人难以置信！Until May 2013,the movie“To Our Eventually Lost Youth”has taken over 700 million at the box office，_.which is really incredible26.flexible 1)a.easily bent without breaking e.g.The springs were made of flexible steel.2)(fig)a.easily changed to suit new conditions;(of persons)adaptable e.g.
48、We need a foreign policy that is more flexible.3)Translation:远程学习的灵活性对日理万机的经理人来说特别适合。_ would be particularly suited to busy managers.(4)Reflection:flexibility(n.)灵活性(5)Association:inflexibledeflexflexinflex The flexibility of distance learning27.No one was ever born knowing calculus n.adj.no one is
49、borning ed to do e.g.No one is born a loser.No one is born wise or learned.No one is born sorted.No one is born to be lonely.Newton and Calculus28.leap 1)v.(pt.pp leaped or leapt)jump e.g.Look before you leap.2)v.(cause to)jump over e.g.The horse leaped the wall.3)n.jump;sudden upward or forward mov
50、ement e.g.a great leap forward 一个伟大的飞跃 e.g.a leap in the dark 轻举妄动 e.g.by leaps and bounds 突飞猛进 4)Collocation:a leap of faith:sth.you do even though it involves a risk,hoping that it will have a good result.e.g.There are times when we just have to take a leap of faith and have a try.29.selective 1)a
