1、Unit 3 Language in use冠词冠词（1）不定冠词an,a an,a是不定冠词，仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目观念。a用在以辅音（指辅音音素）开头的词前，an用在以元音（指元素音素）开头的词前。如：a boy一个男孩；a university一所大学；an hour一小时；an elephant一只大象 不定冠词的用法：1）表示人或事物的某一类。如：A plane is a machine that can fly.飞机是一种会飞的机器。2）表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个。如：This is an apple.这是一个苹果。3）泛指某人或某物，但不具体说
2、明何人何物。如：A comrade is waiting for you there.有个同志正在那儿等你。4）表示“一个”的意思。如：He will be back in a day or two.他将在一两天后回来。5）有时也表示“每”的意思。如：We have three meals a day.我们一天吃三餐。（2）定冠词the 定冠词的基本用法：1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。如：Give me the book.给我那本书。2）指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如：Where is the teacher?老师在哪里？3）复述上文提过的人或事物。如：I have a beautiful
3、 wallet,but the wallet was stolen yesterday.我有一只漂亮的钱包，但它昨天被偷了。4）指世界上独一无二的事物（如：月亮、地球、天空、宇宙等）。如：The sun rises in the east.太阳从东边升起。5）用在方位名词前。如：in the south在南方；in the west在西方 6）用在序数词或形容词最高级前。如：He is the tallest one in our class.他是我们班个子最高的。7）表示两者间“较的一个”时用定冠词。如：He is the taller of the two boys.他是这两个男孩中个子较
4、高的那个。8）用在单数可数名词前表示一类人或事物。如：The horse is a useful animal.马是一种有用的动物。9）定冠词用在形容词前，表示一类人或东西。如：the rich富人；the deaf聋人；the wounded伤员 10）定冠词可用在党派、阶级、民族等名词前。如：The Chinese people中华民族 11）用在姓氏的复数形式前表示一家人，或这一姓的夫妇二人。如：布朗夫妇/布朗一家人住在楼上。12）在西洋乐器前加the。如：the piano钢琴；the violin小提琴 13）用在习惯性短语中。如：in the morning在早上；in the a
5、fternoon在下午 14）在人或物后有限定性的后置定语时要用the。如：The man standing by the gate is Li Feng.站在大门旁的那个男的是李锋。15）代替所有格代词，表示人体的一部分。如：He received a blow on the head.他头上挨了一击。16）在世纪、年代名词前用定冠词。如：in the 1980s在20世纪80年代；in the nineteenth century在十九世纪（3）零冠词 零冠词就是不用冠词的情况，其用法如下：1）在物质名词、抽象名词前不用冠词。如：The desk is made of wood.这张书桌是
6、木头做的。2）专有名词前不加冠词。如：Canada加拿大；Beijing北京；Lei Feng雷锋 3）名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格（如：this,my,that,those,these,Tinas等）修饰时不用冠词。4）月份、星期、季节前不用冠词。如：Sunday周日；March三月；summer夏季；winter冬季 5）在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前不用冠词。如：Camels are useful animals.骆驼是有用的动物。6）在breakfast,lunch,supper表示三餐的名词前不用冠词。如这些词前有形容词修饰可用不定冠词。如：I have brea
7、kfast at seven every day.我每天7点吃早餐。I had a good lunch yesterday.昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。7）在球类、棋类名词前不用冠词。如：play football（basketball,chess）踢足球（打篮球，下棋）8）抽象名词、物质名词前不用冠词，但后有定语修饰时要加the。如：He is fond of music.他喜爱音乐。The music of the film is very beautiful.这部电影的音乐很优美。【话题呈现话题呈现】本模块围绕“Travel”展开话题，要求学生能运用正确的时态与人称以及恰当的句型介绍自己
8、的一次旅行经历。【佳句荟萃佳句荟萃】Last Sunday（Saturday.）,it was sunny（rainy,windy,foggy.）.上周日（周六），天气晴朗（有雨、有风、有雾）。I got up very early（late）.After breakfast,I went to.with my friends by bike/bus,.我很早（迟）起床。早饭后，我和我的朋友骑车/乘公交车去了 We enjoyed ourselves.我们玩得很开心。We forgot the time.We didnt come back until 5 oclock.我们忘了时间。我们直到
9、五点钟才回来。We all felt very tired,but we were happy.我们都感到很累，但我们却很高兴。I thought I would never forget this trip.我想我将永远不会忘记这次旅行。Last summer,my parents and I went to Beijing for our holidays.去年夏天，我和父母去北京度假了。We visited a lot of places of interest.我们参观了大量的风景名胜。We had a good time there.我们在那里玩得很高兴。We bought a lo
10、t of things.The clothes here are good and cheap.我们买了许多东西。这里的衣服既便宜又好。【写作任务写作任务】旅行可以让人放松身心，开阔眼界，洗涤心灵，感悟人生；可以观赏世界各地的风景名胜，了解各地的风俗习惯，见识各地的奇人异事。总之，读万卷书不如行万里路。假如你暑假和朋友去了北京，请你根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的游记。1.August 11th:the Palace Museum,talk with Americans 2.August 12th:the Summer Palace,enjoy the beauty of the lake 3
11、.August 13th:Lao She Teahouse,the Beijing Opera,Chinese food 4.August 14th:the Great Wall,tired but excited【写作指导】本文是一篇记叙文，写一次旅游经历。文章的时态多用一般过去时态，人称用第一人称。Beginning引出话题引出话题 I enjoyed my trip to 1 with my friends 2 .Beijingthis summerBody介绍旅程介绍旅程 3.We visited .4.We went to .5.We went to .Ending感受感受 I fe
12、lt 6 but very excited.the Palace Museumthe Summer PalaceLao She Teahouse tired【自主创作自主创作】【范文展示范文展示】My Trip to Beijing I enjoyed my trip to Beijing with my friends this summer.We visited many places of interest.And we had a wonderful time.On August 11th,we visited the Palace Museum.We met some America
13、ns there and we enjoyed talking with them about the history of China.On August 12th,we went to the Summer Palace and enjoyed the beauty of the wonderful lake.On August 13th,we went to Lao She Teahouse to see the Beijing Opera.It was amazing.We also enjoyed some traditional Chinese food.On August 14th,we climbed the Great Wall.I felt tired but very excited.【升格点拨】开篇点题，点明暑假去了北京，然后按照内容提示的时间顺序介绍了这次旅程。适当增加了细节，如介绍旅程中的风景、人物、趣事等，使文章内容充实，可读性强。
