1、Unit 2 The environment ReadingTo understand the two experts opinions about development or environment,and form your own ideaTo learn to read a debateTo master the words and phrases in this reading materialWords:consultant,debate,recycle,greedyoperate,belief,credit,willingresponsibility,environment,r
2、awExpressions:open the floor,cut back on,ask aroundlarge amount/numbers of,result in Read the explanation and speak out the word it explains.someone who advises people on a particular subject a serious discussion of a subject in which many people take part;to discuss a subject in a formal way(esp.of
3、 liquids,gases,or electricity)to move in one direction something you have to do because it is part of your job or that you feel is the right thing to don.顾问顾问n.&vi.辩论辩论;争论争论n.责任责任;义务义务;本分本分 vi.&n.流；流动流；流动consultantdebatedutyflow the process of making or growing goods to be sold;the amount of somethi
4、ng that is made or grown by a country or a company to collect and treat rubbish in order to produce useful materials which can be used again a tube inside which liquid or gas flows from one place to anotherv.回收利用回收利用n.产量，生产产量，生产n.管子管道管子管道recycleproductionpipe wanting a lot more food,money etc.than y
5、ou need a man who works in business,especially one who has a high position in a company something that it is your job or duty to deal with the feeling of being certain that something exists or is true;something that you believeadj.贪婪的贪婪的n.责任责任businessn.商界人员，企业家商界人员，企业家greedy responsibilityn.看法，信念看法，
6、信念belief to(cause to)work,be in action or have an effect praise,approval,or honour the amount or number of sth,esp that can be measured or is fixed not processed,in a natural staten.数量数量adj.原始的原始的;未经加工或处理的未经加工或处理的v.经营经营;动手术动手术operatequantityraw n.赞扬，称赞，认可，信用，信赞扬，称赞，认可，信用，信誉，学分誉，学分credit money paid t
7、o the government,which is based on your income or the cost of goods or services you have bought to be happy to do something,if it is needed a piece of equipment that is used to cause liquid,air,or gas to move from one place to anothern.税税adj.愿意的愿意的;乐意乐意的的taxwillingn.泵，抽水机，打气筒泵，抽水机，打气筒pumpMatchopen t
8、he floorcut back onraw materialuse uprun out(of)用完，耗尽用完，耗尽用尽用尽自由发言自由发言原材料原材料减少，消减，缩减减少，消减，缩减The economy or the environment must be choose?人人类类的的窘窘境境 这是一个美丽的地球！这是一个美丽的地球！(1)What can you see in the pictures?(2)What are the causes of them?(3)How to solve these problems?注意：注意：“地球地球”只有一个，只有一个，一旦删除，无法挽回，确
9、定一旦删除，无法挽回，确定要删除要删除“地球地球”吗？！吗？！What is a debate?a contest,or,perhaps,like a game,where two or more speakers present their arguments in order to persuade othersan argument or discussion on a subject that people have different opinions aboutHave you ever seen a debate or even taken part in a debate?Do
10、 you know something about debates?How to read a debate?Make a judgment till you have read or listened to both sides.Make a final decision till you have understood all the arguments made by each side.The economy or the environment must we choose?Skimming for general ideasSkimmingReading Comprehension
11、 I1.How many people participate in the debate?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.Scanningfor specific informationReading Comprehension II1.What sides do Ms Lin Shuiqing and Mr.Qian Liwei represent?Ms Lin represents the environment and Mr Qian represents the economy.2.By how many times has the worlds populat
12、ion increased since 1800?Six times.3.According to Mr Qian Liwei,what should be done to factories that pollute the environment?They should have to pay higher taxes.Scanning1.What society does Lin Shuiqing belong to?She belongs to the Green Society.2.What does Lin Shuiqing talk about to start her spee
13、ch?She starts her speech by talking about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste.Reading Comprehension III3.What is happening to large numbers of fish?They are being caught by fishing boats before they can lay eggs.4.What does Lin Shuiqing think we should teach people about?Sh
14、e thinks we should teach people ways of living that dont harm the environment.5.In Qian Liweis opinion,what belief do people often have?People often have the belief that development is bad for the environment.6.Why does Qian Liwei think production should not be reduced?Because jobs will be lost.Peop
15、le are more important than fish and trees.7.What does Qian Liwei say we need?He says we need better laws to preserve the environment and still allow our country to grow.8.What are many people willing to do according to Qian Liwei?People are willing to pay a little higher prices for things that are f
16、riendly to the environment.Attitude Lin ShuiqingsQian LiweisIndustryCut back on production because industry produces waste,pollutes the environment.A healthy environment and a stable economy should be possible at the same time.ScanningReading Comprehension IVAttitudeLin ShuiqingsQian LiweisPopulatio
17、nMore people need more land to live on and more food to eat.People are more important than fish and trees.AttitudeLin ShuiqingsQian LiweisRecyclingProduce more things from recycling materials.Expend our recycling industry.AttitudeLin ShuiqingsQian LiweisSolution Cut back on production,recycle rubbis
18、h,teach people about environ-mentally friendly ways of living recycle rubbish,effective laws,control how many trees are cut down and how many fish boats can catch heavy taxes on the factories producing pollution.Post-reading activities:1.Ask students to role-play the debate.In order to have more stu
19、dents participate in the activity,divide students into six groups.Three groups should represent Lin Shuiqing and the other three groups should represent Qian Liwei.2.Ask students to work in pairs to complete Part F to practise their spoken English.Discuss the question in groups.Group WorkDo you thin
20、k it is possible to achieve a balance between the economy and the environment?How can this be achieved?1.Educate people to respect and protect the environment.2.Urge factories that produce large amounts of waste to build a system to purify the waste and minimize the damage to the environment.3.Urge
21、the government to pass stricter laws to protect the environment.4.Create a system to deal with the waste and rubbish scientifically.Possible solutionsLanguage points1.Then we will open the floor for discussion.the floor 全体与会者；发言权全体与会者；发言权open the floor 自由发言自由发言take the floor 开始发言开始发言have the floor 有
22、发言权有发言权eg.Are there any questions from the floor?与会者有问题吗？与会者有问题吗？The president then took the floor and answered the journalists questions.随后总统讲话并回答了记者的问题。随后总统讲话并回答了记者的问题。请将下列句子翻译成英语。请将下列句子翻译成英语。我们将接受与会者的任何提问。我们将接受与会者的任何提问。We will now take any questions from the floor.2.If you have any questions or c
23、omments commentn.C or U sth.that you say or write that expresses your opinion我不希望听到关于我新剪的发型的任何我不希望听到关于我新剪的发型的任何评论，谢谢！评论，谢谢！I dont want any comments on/about my new haircut,thank you!She was asked about the pay increase but made no comment.她被问及工资上涨的问题，但未发表任她被问及工资上涨的问题，但未发表任何观点。何观点。评论，观点评论，观点v.I or T
24、to make a comment:comment on/that clause妈妈总是对我的穿着品头论足。妈妈总是对我的穿着品头论足。My mum always comments on what Im wearing.他评价说那两篇文章非常相似。他评价说那两篇文章非常相似。He commented that the two essays were rather similar.请将下列句子翻译成英语。请将下列句子翻译成英语。无可奉告！无可奉告！No comment!我觉得我无法对他们的决定做出评我觉得我无法对他们的决定做出评论。论。I dont feel I can comment on t
25、heir decision.3.First,I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste.句中划线句子是句中划线句子是定语从句定语从句，修饰先行词，修饰先行词the way。修饰。修饰way的定语从句可以用关的定语从句可以用关系代词系代词that或或in which引导，也可以将引导，也可以将that或或in which省略。省略。eg.To my surprise,the young girl laughs the same way(that/in w
26、hich)her mother did at her age.Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered.(2012湖南湖南)A.what B.in what C.which D.in which4.The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.目前的世界人口与目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增年相比已经增长到那时的六倍多。长到那时的六倍多。Pay attention t
27、o the following patterns:times+as+adj./adv.+as+times+the comparative degree of adj./adv.+than+times+the+n.(width,size,length,breadth,level,value,velocity)of+亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。Asia is four times as large as Europe.Asia is four times larger than Europe.Asia is four times the size of Europe.这座新楼是那座旧楼
28、的三倍高。这座新楼是那座旧楼的三倍高。The new building is three times as high as the old one.The new building is three times higher than the old one.The new building is three times the height of the old one.Note:1.倍数的基本表达都是以倍数打头，但倍数的基本表达都是以倍数打头，但 要注意不同倍数的不同表达方法要注意不同倍数的不同表达方法;2.两倍要用两倍要用twice或或double，不用，不用two times。三倍常用
29、。三倍常用three times，也可用，也可用 thrice;3.除整数倍以外，还有分数倍，百分数除整数倍以外，还有分数倍，百分数 倍，几倍多或不到几倍等。如：六倍倍，几倍多或不到几倍等。如：六倍 多多(more than/over six times)，一半，一半 (half)，三分之一，三分之一(one third)，百分之，百分之 六十六十(60%)等等;4.在在 the+n.+of 结构中：结构中：要注意选择恰当的名词，常用的名词要注意选择恰当的名词，常用的名词有有size/height/length/weight等。等。the+n.+of 可转换成可转换成 ones+n.或名或名词
30、性从句。如：词性从句。如：the height of Mary=Marys height。请将下列句子翻译成英语。请将下列句子翻译成英语。1.这条路是那条路的三倍长。这条路是那条路的三倍长。This road is three times as long as that one.2.这条路比那条路的长三倍。这条路比那条路的长三倍。This road is three times longer than that one.3.这条路三倍于那条路的长度。这条路三倍于那条路的长度。This road is three times the length of that one.5.It is our
31、duty to try to cut back on production cut back/down on sth.to do less of sth.or use sth.in smaller amounts 减少，缩减，削减减少，缩减，削减1)The government has announced plans to cut back on defence spending by 10%next year.2)Im trying to cut down on caffeine.cut 常用短语：常用短语：cut at vt.向向猛砍猛砍cut away vt.切下切下,砍掉砍掉cut d
32、own vt.(1)砍倒砍倒,砍伐砍伐 (2)减少减少的量的量,缩减缩减cut in vt.插嘴插嘴,插入插入,插队插队 cut off vt.(1)切断切断,砍掉砍掉 (2)切断切断(电力电力,煤气煤气,自来水自来水 等等),停止停止的供给的供给 (3)使使(人人,城镇城镇)孤立孤立cut out vt.切下切下,剪下剪下cut up vt.切碎切碎1)I was just talking to Jane,when Dave cut in(on us/our conversation).2)If this bill is not paid within five days,your gas
33、supply will be cut off.3)She cut out his picture from the magazine.4)Many villages have been cut off by the heavy snow.1.He was in hospital for six months.He felt as if he was _ from the outside world.A.cut out B.cut off C.cut up D.cut through2.I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson _.A.cut in
34、B.cut down C.cut out D.cut up请根据汉语提示完成下列句子。请根据汉语提示完成下列句子。The teams have to _ _(减少他们的训练减少他们的训练)because the ground is so hard.trainingcut back on their6.the amount of rubbish(P22)the amount of pollution(P23)amount n.C a collection or mass especially of sth.which cannot be counted:总数，数量总数，数量(常与不可数名词连用。
35、常与不可数名词连用。)amount 也可与可数名词复数连用，但意也可与可数名词复数连用，但意指整体概念。例如：指整体概念。例如：We didnt expect such a large amount of people.我们没有料到会有这么多人。我们没有料到会有这么多人。the amount of:总数，数量总数，数量a small/large amount of:数量大数量大/小小a certain/fair amount of:相当多的相当多的 1)They didnt deliver the right amount of sand.2)The new tax caused a huge
36、 amount of public anger.3)Dina encountered a fair amount of envy among her colleagues.4)You wouldnt believe the amount of trouble Ive got these days.关于关于“许多许多”的用法见下表：的用法见下表：+Cn.+Un.+Cn./Un.many,many a,a great/good many,a large/great number of,numbers ofmuch,a great deal of,a large amount of,plenty o
37、f,a lot of,lots of,a large quantity of,large quantities of,a mass of,masses of注意：注意：amount一般与不可数名词连用，但也一般与不可数名词连用，但也可与可数名词的复数连用，意指整体概念。可与可数名词的复数连用，意指整体概念。例如例如:an enormous amount of problems请根据汉语提示完成下列句子。请根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)We dont need a product _ _(可以大批廉价生产的可以大批廉价生产的).(2)_(许多食品许多食品)were spread out on
38、the table.that is cheap to produce in large quantities Quantities of foods7.It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.concern:v.T to be important to someone or to involve someone directly:与与有关，有关，对对有重要性有重要性1)Matters of pollution and the environment concer
39、n us all.2)What I have to say to Amy doesnt concern you.3)His resignation concerns them all.T to become involved with sth.,or worried about sth.:使操心，使不安使操心，使不安concern oneself about/for be concerned about/for1)Dont concern yourself.Shell be home soon.2)She concerns herself about her sons future.=She
40、is concerned about her sons future.concern:v.T to cause anxiety to someone:The state of my fathers health concerns us greatly.It concerns me that he hasnt been in contact.1)C or U a feeling of worry or nervousness,or sth.that worries you:担心，挂念，关怀担心，挂念，关怀Concern for the safety of the two missing teen
41、agers is growing.Theres a lot of public concern about/over dangerous toxins recently found in food.concern:n.2）C or U sth.that involves or affects you or is important to you:关心的事，重要事关心的事，重要事My greatest concern is the economy of China.What were the major concerns of the writers from this period?I don
42、t want to hear about it its no concern of mine!be of concern:to be important:The results of the election are of concern to us all.8.responsible adj.be responsible for sth./doing sth.1)to be the person who caused sth.to happen,especially sth.bad:Who is responsible for this terrible mess?Last months b
43、ad weather was responsible for the crop failure.2）to have control and authority over sth.or someone and the duty of taking care of it or them:Paul is directly responsible for the efficient running of the office.Her department is responsible for overseeing the councils.be responsible to sb./sth.to be
44、 controlled by someone or sth.:In Australia,the Prime Minister and the Cabinet of Ministers are responsible to the House of representatives.responsibly adv.When he saw the crash,the young boy acted very responsibly and called the police.responsibilities:n.U 责任责任Terrorists have claimed responsibility
45、 for(=stated that they caused)yesterdays bomb attack.The minister took/accepted full responsibility for(=admitted that he was to blame for)the disaster and resigned.9.However,I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled.但是，我非常赞同我们因该更多地利用回但是，我非常赞同我们因该更多地利用回收材料制
46、造产品。收材料制造产品。句中句中do用作用作助动词助动词，表示强调。当需要表，表示强调。当需要表示对过去的强调时，可用示对过去的强调时，可用did。eg.You should know that I do love you.你应该了解，我确实很爱你。你应该了解，我确实很爱你。Do arrive at 5:00 tomorrow morning.明早五点务必到达。明早五点务必到达。请将下列句子翻译成英语。请将下列句子翻译成英语。1.一定要小心！一定要小心！Do take care!2.他的确显得很疲倦。他的确显得很疲倦。He does look tired.10.What if we run o
47、ut?(P25)1)what if:used to ask about sth.that could happen in the future,especially sth.bad:What if the trains late?What if you dont pass your exams?2)rut out to finish,use or sell all of sth.,so that there is none left 用光用光 run out of sth.Ive run out of milk/ideas/patience.run常用搭配及短语：常用搭配及短语：run acr
48、oss vt.1)偶遇偶遇 2)横跨横跨run after vt.追赶；追求追赶；追求run against vt.1)违反，与违反，与 竞选竞选 2)偶遇，邂逅偶遇，邂逅run away vi.逃跑逃跑run away with vt.1)和和一起逃跑，一起逃跑，带着带着逃跑逃跑 run into vt.1)撞上撞上 2)偶遇偶遇run over vi.(容器，液体容器，液体)溢出溢出 vt.1)车辆碾过车辆碾过 2)复习复习run to vt.1)(数量数量)达到达到 2）倾向于）倾向于1.I _ several old friends when I went back to my hom
49、etown.2.She _ me to hand me some papers Id dropped.3.Luck is really _ you tonight!4.Knowing her fathers opposition to her Mr Right,Nina decided to _ him.5.The water is _ quick,turn the taps off.用用run across/into/after/against/away with/over的正确形式填空。的正确形式填空。ran across/intoran afterrunning againstrun a
50、way withrunning over请根据汉语提示完成下列句子。请根据汉语提示完成下列句子。(1)_(如果如果怎么样怎么样)we go and see a film tomorrow night?(2)The earths resources _(正要耗尽正要耗尽)at an alarming rate.(3)I need your help,for I _(已经把钱已经把钱用完了用完了).are running out have run out of my moneyWhat if Think about what weve just learnt today.Study without
