1、UNIT 2MORALS AND VIRTUES达标检测 当堂检测 基础达标演练语法导学 感悟规律 重点难点剖析内容索引内容索引Period FourDiscovering Useful Structures The-ing form(2)as the object complement and the adverbial语法感知语 法 导 学感悟规律 重点难点剖析感知以下课文原句,完成方框下的小题感知以下课文原句,完成方框下的小题1.and if they entrust me with that life,how could I refuse that trust,saying Im co
2、ld,hungry,or tired?2.“Why should girls learn so much?Finding a good husband should be their final goal!”her brother complained,thinking of the high tuition fees.3.Thinking of all the people still in need of help,Dr Lin opened a private clinic.4.At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway v
3、illages to provide medical care.5.The new Peoples Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.(1)加颜色部分在句子中作状语的是加颜色部分在句子中作状语的是句句 ,现在分词作状语时,其逻现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语是句子辑主语是句子的的 。(2)加颜色部分在句子中作宾语补足语的是加颜色部分在句子中作宾语补足语的是句句 。1、2、34、5主语主语语法精析一、动词一、动词-ing形式作状语形式作状语动词的动词的-ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式形式作状语可
4、以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式或伴随情况等。或伴随情况等。1.时间状语时间状语动词的动词的-ing形式作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句,所表示的动作与主形式作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句,所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生,有时可由连词句的动作一般是同时发生,有时可由连词when,while,after引出。引出。Hearing these stories(When I hear these stories),Im skeptical about the place.(2019全国全国)听到这些叙述,我对这个地方有了怀疑。听到这些叙述,我对这个地方有了怀疑。2.原因状语原因
5、状语可以与可以与as/since/because等引导的原因状语从句转换。等引导的原因状语从句转换。Being so excited(As he was so excited),he couldnt go to sleep that night.由于非常激动,那晚他没睡着。由于非常激动,那晚他没睡着。3.条件状语条件状语可以与可以与if/unless等引导的条件状语从句转换。等引导的条件状语从句转换。Working hard at your lessons(If you work hard at your lessons),you will succeed.如果如果你努力学习,就一定能成功。你
6、努力学习,就一定能成功。Not making good use of the time(If you dont make good use of the time),youll regret.如果如果不好好利用时间,你会后悔的。不好好利用时间,你会后悔的。4.方式或伴随状语方式或伴随状语不可以转换成从句,但可以转换成并列句。不可以转换成从句,但可以转换成并列句。The girls came into the classroom,singing and dancing(and they sang and danced).女孩子们唱着跳着进了教室。女孩子们唱着跳着进了教室。He lay on th
7、e grass,staring at the sky for a long time(and stared at the sky for a long time).他躺在草地上,长时间地望着天空。他躺在草地上,长时间地望着天空。5.结果状语结果状语表示必然的结果,它常常位于句末,可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句,表示必然的结果,它常常位于句末,可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句,有时也可以转换成非限制性定语从句。有时也可以转换成非限制性定语从句。His father died,leaving him a lot of money(and left him a lot of money/which
8、 left him a lot of money).他父亲去世了,留给他许多钱他父亲去世了,留给他许多钱。6.让步状语让步状语可以与可以与although/though引导的让步状语从句转换。引导的让步状语从句转换。Knowing all this(Although they knew all this),they made me pay for the damage.尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失。注意:注意:1.动词的动词的-ing形式作状语时,如果所表示的动作先于主句的动作发生,则形式作状语时,如果所表示的动作先于主句的动作发生,则用用“
9、having动词的过去分词动词的过去分词”形式,仍然表示主动关系;若动词与句子形式,仍然表示主动关系;若动词与句子主语为被动关系,则用主语为被动关系,则用“havingbeen动词的过去分词动词的过去分词”形式。形式。Having spent nearly all his money(After he had spent nearly all his money),the former wrestler couldnt afford a meal.几乎花完了所有的钱后,这位前摔跤运动员买不起饭了几乎花完了所有的钱后,这位前摔跤运动员买不起饭了。2.动词的动词的-ed形式也可以作状语,表示时间、
10、原因、条件等,与主句的主形式也可以作状语,表示时间、原因、条件等,与主句的主语构成动宾关系。语构成动宾关系。Generally speaking,if taken according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.一般来说,如果按照说明书服用,这种药没有副作用一般来说,如果按照说明书服用,这种药没有副作用。3.表目的时往往用不定式形式。表目的时往往用不定式形式。To make more friends,you need to be very kind and considerate.为了交到更多的朋友,你要非常友善和善解人意。为了交
11、到更多的朋友,你要非常友善和善解人意。名师点津名师点津非谓语动词作状语时,如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致,非谓语动词作状语时,如所提供的动词不能和句子中的主语保持一致,动词动词-ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语,通常由名词或代词来担任,这就形式必须有自己的逻辑主语,通常由名词或代词来担任,这就是独立主格结构。是独立主格结构。The last bus having gone,we had to walk home.末班车末班车已经开走了,我们不得不走回家。已经开走了,我们不得不走回家。(having gone的逻辑主语是的逻辑主语是the last bus,而不是,而不是we)二、动词二
12、、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语1.动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进行的主动性形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作,强调一个正在进行的动作或一种状态。的动作,强调一个正在进行的动作或一种状态。When we returned to the school,we found a stranger standing at the entrance.当我们回到学校时,我们发现一个陌生人站在大门口。当我们回到学校时,我们发现一个陌生人站在大门口。2.能用能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:(1)感官动词
13、,常见的有感官动词,常见的有see,hear,feel,notice,observe等。等。I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.我感觉到有人在拍我的肩膀。我感觉到有人在拍我的肩膀。(2)使役动词,常见的有使役动词,常见的有have,keep,get,leave等。等。Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.对不起,让你等了这么久。对不起,让你等了这么久。I cant get the clock going again.我无法让这个钟再次转起来。我无法让这个钟再次转起来。注意:注意:1.see,
14、hear,feel,watch等动词之后用等动词之后用-ing形式和省略形式和省略to的动词不定式作的动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别:宾语补足语的区别:前者表示动作正在进行,而后者表示前者表示动作正在进行,而后者表示(或强调或强调)动作从开始到结束的全过程。动作从开始到结束的全过程。We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher doing the experiment.我们经过教室,看见老师正在做实验。我们经过教室,看见老师正在做实验。(只在经过教室的刹那间,看见老师只在经过教室的刹那间,看见老师正在做实验正在做实验)We sat for an h
15、our and watched the teacher do the experiment.我们坐了一个小时,看着老师做实验。我们坐了一个小时,看着老师做实验。(一个小时之内一直在看老师做实验,一个小时之内一直在看老师做实验,指全过程指全过程)2.如果作宾补的动词与宾语为被动关系时,则用过去分词形式。如果作宾补的动词与宾语为被动关系时,则用过去分词形式。We should keep him informed of what is going on here.我们必须让他了解这里发生的事。我们必须让他了解这里发生的事。3.现在分词在现在分词在with中的用法中的用法在在with复合结构中,现在分
16、词充当宾语补足语,表动作复合结构中,现在分词充当宾语补足语,表动作“正在进行正在进行”。Singing“You dont know love,Fa Hai”,she threw the tortoise into the river with tears filling her eyes.她唱着法海你不懂爱,把那只乌龟扔进了河里,眼里满是泪水。她唱着法海你不懂爱,把那只乌龟扔进了河里,眼里满是泪水。名师点津名师点津在在with复合结构中,也可以使用不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语。复合结构中,也可以使用不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语。All the afternoon he worked with
17、the door locked.整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。I cant go out with all these clothes to wash.有这些衣服要洗,我不能出去了。有这些衣服要洗,我不能出去了。返 回达 标 检 测当堂检测 基础达标演练.单句语法单句语法填空填空1.He was caught (steal)and sent to the police station.2.The operator left hurriedly with the machine (run).3.When I came in,I saw Linda (whisper)
18、to the physician.4.Tom slowly walked away,(complain)about the cold weather.5.(teach)many times,the wrestler still looked puzzled.6.After a knock at the door,the child heard his mothers voice (call)him.stealingrunningwhisperingcomplainingHaving been taughtcalling7.(walk)in the street with his dog (fo
19、llow)him,he felt really free and pleased.8.After (look)at the toy for some time,he turned around and found his parents were missing.Walkingfollowinglooking.用适当的用适当的-ing 形式完成下列短文形式完成下列短文Mary Smith looked at the beautiful ripe plums(梅子梅子).They would make lovely jam.When she had finished the 9.(cook),s
20、he filled all her empty jam jars 10.(leave)the rest of the jam in the pan.She would put it in the fridge when it was cooler.But just then the telephone rang.11.(learn)that her mother was in hospital after a car accident,Mary picked up her bag and ran out of the house.cookingleavingHaving learned/lea
21、rntSome days later,her husband,John,came home from a business trip.He had been travelling all day and felt like 12.(have)a drink and a piece of cake.13.(enter)the kitchen,he saw a pan with a dark red mess inside it.He lifted it up and smelled it.It smelled bad.14.(think)Mary must have forgotten to c
22、lean this pan,he poured all the jam into the chicken yard and cleaned the pan.Then 15.(feel)comfortable,he began to eat a piece of cake.havingEnteringThinkingfeeling返 回When Mary returned,she noticed the chickens 16.(behave)strangely.They were running round the yard as if they were sick.She saw the d
23、ark red mess on the ground and went closer.17.(see)a plum stone,she went into the kitchen.Her husband was at the table 18.(read)a newspaper.Angrily Mary rushed up to him shouting“You threw away my jam!”Her husband said,“Im sorry but I thought it was porridge having gone bad in the hot weather.”behavingSeeingreading