1、【英语】中考英语短语动词真题汇编(含答案)及解析一、短语动词1How can we help the children in the mountain village?We can _ leaflets to ask people to donate money.A.give inB.give offC.give upD.give out【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们如何能帮助山村里的孩子？我们可以散发传单号召人们捐款。give in屈服; 投降; 让步；give off发出; 放出; 散发出; 放射出; give up放弃；give out分发; 公布。所以选D2- Are you
2、 going to have a part time job during the summer vacation?- Yes. I think I shouldnt always _ my parents since Ive grown up.A.fight againstB.argue withC.hear fromD.depend on【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：你暑假要做兼职吗？是的，我认为既然我已经长大了，我不应该总是依靠父母。depend on依靠；取决于；fight against与打架；argue with与某人争论；hear from收到来信。故选D。【点评】考查动词
3、短语辨析。3- Who is Dave looking _?- His mother. Shes been in hospital for a few days.A.forB.afterC.atD.up【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：Dave在照顾谁？他妈妈，她住院好几天了。look after照顾；look for寻找；look at看；look up查找。根据in hospital可知选B。【点评】考查介词辨析，牢记look的固定搭配。4If you want to know more about space, please _ the book A Brief History of
4、Time. A.look throughB.look aroundC.look afterD.look down upon【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想多了解太空，请浏览时间简史这本书。look through浏览；look around环顾四周；look after照顾；look down upon瞧不起。根据句意，故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断选项。5 Do you think my classmates will laugh at me? Maybe. But I think you are right.A.go out withB.m
5、ake friends withC.make jokes about【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：你觉得我的同学们在嘲笑我吗？也许是，但是我觉得你是对的。laugh at嘲笑；go out with和出去；与约会；make friends with与交朋友；make jokes about开的玩笑。故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。6In fact, many countries have _ some effective （有效的）policies to control the population.A.carry outB.taken outC.carried outD.though
6、t out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：实际上，许多国家已经采取了有效政策控制人口。carry out实施；施行。take out取出；think out想出。根据have可知用过去分词，故选C。【点评】考查动词短语。7The box is too heavy to carry. Whats in it?Oh, it is_ booksA.filled withB.covered withC.used forD.asked for【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：这箱子重得搬不动。里面是什么？。噢，它装满了书。be filled with意为“用装满”；be covered with意
7、为“用覆盖”；be usede for意为“用来做”；be asked for意为“请求”。根据句意重得搬不动，应该是装满了书。故答案为A。【点评】考查短语动词be filled with,同义词组为be full of 8We must plant more trees after we _ every year. A.cut off themB.cut them offC.cut down themD.cut them down【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须每年在砍掉树木之后种植更多的树。cut off切断；cut down砍倒。根据前文的trees可知砍伐树木用cut dow
8、n，作宾语的代词them应放在cut与副词down之间，故答案为D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析及动词短语的用法：“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语时，代词放在动词后副词前9Eton College in England was in 1440 by King Henry VI to give free education to poor studentsA.cleaned upB.set upC.fixed upD.cheered up【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：英国的伊顿大学是由亨利六世在1440建的，为了给贫困的学生免费的教育。clean up打扫干净；set up建起；
9、fix up安排；修理；cheer up使振作起来；使高兴起来。根据句意可知选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。10He never _learning English .That was why he was successful at last.A.gave inB.gave outC.gave upD.gave away【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：他从不放弃学英语，那就是他最后成功的原因。give in 屈服，让步；give out发出（光，热等）；分发；give up放弃；give away泄露（秘密等），故选C。【点评】考查短语辨析。11Could we the arriving
10、 time for school to 8:00 am, Mr. Li? You mean 7:30 is a little earlier? Lets discuss it with the headmaster.A.find outB.give upC.put offD.cut out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：李先生，我们可以将到校时间推迟到早上八点吗？你意思是7点半早了一点吗？那么我们和校长一起商量一下吧。A.弄明白；B.放弃；C.推迟；D.切断。由于觉得7点半有的早，所以将时间推迟到8点，故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意find out，give up，put off
11、和cut out的词义和用法。12The company wants to a school for the poor children A.put offB.set upC.call inD.look after【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：这家公司想为贫困儿童建一所学校。put off推迟；延期；set up建立；call in召集；打电话；look after照顾。故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。13 Jenny, the teacher will _ your mobile phone if you use it in class. Sorry, I wont do that
12、again. A.take outB.take away C.take off【答案】B 【解析】【分析】A. take out取出，去掉，出发，B. take away带走，拿走，取走，C. take off起飞，脱下，离开。句意：Jenny，如果你在教室使用手机，老师将会把它拿走。故选B。【点评】考查动词短语的用法。14I stood on the top of Mount Tai and _ to the small village below me. A.looked downB.looked afterC.looked upD.looked through【答案】 A 【解析】【分析
13、】句意：我站在泰山顶上，俯视我脚下的小村庄。look down，俯视，look after，照顾，look up，向上看，look through，看穿，根据 stood on the top of Mount Tai，可知village在脚下，因此是俯视 ， 故选A。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据题干判断语境。15Why did you come late again?Because my alarm clock didnt _ this morning.A.go offB.go outC.go awayD.go over【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查动词词组的辨析。go off“
14、发出响声”；go out“出去”；go away“离开”；go over“检查”。答语句意为“因为今天早上我的闹钟没响。”故选A。16We are planning to go for a picnic this weekend, but it the weather. A.keeps onB.puts onC.depends onD.goes on【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我们计划这个周末去野餐，但要看天气而定。A： keeps on继续； B： puts on穿上； C： depends on依靠，取决于； D： goes on继续。根据 go for a picnic与the
15、weather的关系，可知野餐取决于天气情况。故选C。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解动词短语的意思，根据句子结构，选择正确的动词短语。17Jack is dishonest. He always some excuses for doing something wrong.A.makes upB.sets upC.takes upD.picks up【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：Jack不诚实，他总是编造一些理由为他做的错事。make up 编造；set up建立；take up拿起，从事，占据；pick up拾起，捡起，接某人。根据句意Jack is dishonest可知应选A。1
16、8Progress suggests a persons ability to change the way he is living at the moment and it must _ a better life and a better way of doing things.A.lead toB.devote toC.make upD.take up【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：进步意味着一个人改变他现在生活方式的能力，它必须带来更好的生活和更好的做事方式。A. lead to 导致；B. devote to 奉献，致力于；C. make up 编造；D. take up从事。
17、根据句意可知，答案为A。19My daughter will call _ as soon as she _ Shanghai.A.me up, will arrive inB.up me, arrives atC.up me , arrives atD.me up, arrives in【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我的女儿一到达上海就会给我打电话。call sb. up是固定短语，给某人打电话，跟代词时，代词要放在中间；arrive in到达大地方；arrive at到达小地方。上海是一个大城市，应该用in。根据句意可知选D。【点评】本题考查短语和动词短语的辨析。call sb up
18、表示给某人打电话，但是当sb是代词形式时，要把代词放中间；arrive in到达城市或者国家，arrive at到达小的地方。20The house is dangerous to live in. It should be A.looked upB.left outC.thrown awayD.pulled down【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：住在这房子里很危险。应该把它拆掉。A. looked up查阅；B. left out遗漏，忽略；C. thrown away扔掉；D. pulled down推倒。危房应该推倒重建，故答案为D。21“One Belt（带），One Road”
19、will serve to_markets for China as well as other countries along A.put upB.set upC.take upD.open up【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：“一带一路”将会对中国和其他的国家开放服务市场。A.put up举起，张贴；B.set up建立；C.take up占据，从事；D.open up开放；结合句意和语境可知是开放市场。故答案为D。【点评】考查短语动词。牢记固定动词短语的意义。22May Day is on the way. Many shops have huge posters with the w
20、ord “SALE”. A.put onB.put upC.put awayD.put off【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：五一节就要到了，许多商店都贴上了写着促销巨幅海报。A. put on穿上；B. put up张贴；C. put away放好；D. put off推迟。结合句意和语境可知，应该是张贴。故答案为B。【点评】考查短语动词。熟练掌握短语的意义和用法。23The writers new book will _ next month. A.come inB.come onC.come outD.come into【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：这个作家的新书将于下月出版。
21、A. come in进来；B. come on快点，加油；C. come out出来，出现，出版；D. come into进入。根据“新书”可知是将要“出版”了；故答案为C。【点评】考查动词短语。熟记短语的意义和用法。24Many scientists have _ that we will face more serious environmental problems if we cant come up with solutions to deal with pollution. A.looked outB.called outC.pointed out【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意
22、：许多科学家指出，如果我们不能想出解决污染的办法，我们将面临更严重的环境问题。A.looked out小心，当心；B.called out 唤起，出动；C.pointed out指出。根据句意可知，这件事是由科学家们指出来的，故答案为C。【点评】考查短语动词。理解句意并掌握短语的意义和用法。25Which one do you like best at the fair? The monitoring instrument invented by a teenager.A.madeby handB.madefor the first timeC.madefor me【答案】 B 【解析】【分析
23、】句意：在展览会上你最喜欢哪一个？被一个青少年发明的健康设备。invent：发明，也就是第一次被制作，make for the first time，故选B。【点评】考查近义词。根据划线词和语境找出意义相同的选项，选出正确答案。26Mum, I think I need a bigger room.You should throw away your old toys. They have _ too much space.A.taken upB.taken placeC.taken off【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：妈妈，我认为我需要一个更大的房间。你应该扔掉你的旧玩具。它们已经占据
24、了太多的空间。A. 占据，B. 发生，C. 脱掉，起飞，根据 throw away your old toys可知要扔掉旧玩具，是因为旧玩具占了太多空间，故选A。【点评】考查动词短语。根据语境选出合适的选项，熟记短语，并能熟练运用。27Have you ever read the book The Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare？Yes, I dont like Sherlock. He is selfish. He usually only thinks of himself and doesnt other people.A.care aboutB.he
25、ar aboutC.worry aboutD.know about【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：-你看过莎士比亚的威尼斯商人吗？-是的，我不喜欢夏洛克。他自私。他通常只想到自己，不关心别人。care about关心；hear about听说；worry about担心；know about了解。根据句意，故答案为A。【点评】考查短语辨析，熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断选项。28If you want to get good scores, you had better the test papers before you hand them in. A.go awayB.go over
26、C.go onD.go by【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想取得好成绩，你交试卷前最好仔细检查试卷。go away走开；go over仔细检查；go on继续；go by经过；（时间）过去。根据句意，故答案为B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记短语，根据句意，根据语境判断答案。29I have a poor memory so I have to _ my phone number book every time I want to make a call. A.look upB.look atC.look forD.look over【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我的记忆力很
27、差，所以每次我想打电话的时候都要查一下电话号码簿。A. look up查找，查询；B. look at看；C. look for寻找；D. look over，检查，查看。根据句意可知这里是查询的意义，故答案为A。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解句意，牢记动词短语意义和用法。30My son _ his father, because they are both cheerful.A.looks afterB.takes afterC.runs afterD.looks like【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】look after照顾；照看；take after（面貌、言行、性格等）像；run after追赶； look like（外表）看起来像。句意为“我儿子像他父亲，两个人都乐呵呵的。”显然是指性格方面像，故选B。
