(英语)中考必刷题英语定语从句题及解析.doc

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1、【英语】中考必刷题英语定语从句题及解析一、定语从句1The photo _ taken by my brother last week is very nice.AwhichBthat isCthat wereDwhich was【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:上周被我弟弟拍的那张照片非常好看。此题考查定语从句。根据句意,应选D。考点:考查定语从句。2The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police.AwhichBin whichCthatDall【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:女孩把她在街上

2、捡到的所有东西都交给了警察。考查定语从句。本句先行词everything是不定代词,应该用关系代词that引导此定语从句。故选C。3Shirley is the girl _ taught me how to use Wechat(微信).AwhomBwhichCwho【答案】C【解析】句意:雪莉是教会我如何使用微信的一个女孩。whom修饰人,在定语从句中作宾语或表语;which修饰事物,在定语从句中主语或宾语,或表语。who修饰人,在定语从句作主语,宾语或表语。此处作为定语从句的主语,修饰the girl,故用who。故选C。4Being blind is something _ most

3、people cant imagine.AwhoBwhatCthatDwhom【答案】C【解析】先行词是something,关系代词用that。【考点】定语从句引导词。5Kids, I hope youll remember the good old days_we spent together in junior high though its time to say goodbye.AwhoBwhatCwhich【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:孩子们,虽然到了说再见的时候了,我希望你们将记住那些我们一起在初中度过的美好的旧时光。who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语

4、;what什么,不能引导定语从句;which关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,先行词是the good old days,从句中spent后缺少宾语,应用关系代词which引导,故应选C。6Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman _used the special power of the plant to save _lives.Awhich, millions ofBwho, millions ofCwhose, million

5、 ofDwho, million of【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:青蒿是中国常见的一种植物,而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词the woman是人,关系词在定语从句中做主语,可知使用关系代词who;短语millions of:数以百万的;故选B。7The book _was written by him is very interesting.AwhoBwhomCwhichD/【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:他写的那本书很有趣。考查关系代词。A. who代指人,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;B. whom代指人,在定语从句中做

6、宾语;C. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;D. /为不填。首先分析句子结构,可知本句为定语从句,先行词the book为物,而且从句中缺主语,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which;故答案选C。8 The dog _ played with you just now is _.Awhich; mineBwhich; myCwhat; mineDwhat; my【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:刚才和你一起玩的那条狗是我的。Which哪一个;what什么;mine名词性物主代词,我的;my形容词性物主代词,我的。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语;名词性物主代词则不能用作定语,但可以用作主

7、语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。先行词dog在定语从句中作主语可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。9Tom, where do you work?I work in a shop _ sells different kinds of vegetables.AwhichBwhoCwhereDwhat【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:Tom,你在哪里工作。我在一家卖各种蔬菜的商店工作。考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知,横线处及后面是定语从句,首先排除D选项,what不能作关系词;空格处缺少主语,副词不能作主语,所以排除C 选项where;在定语从句中,关系代词取决于前面的先行词,先行词是人,关系

8、代词用who或that;先行词如果是物,关系代词应用which或that;本句中根据先行词a shop是物,所以关系词用which,排除B选项;故答案选A。10Yesterday Li Ming went to the village _ his family lived ten years ago.AwhenBwhichCwhereDthat【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:昨天李明去了他家十年前住的村子。定语从句修饰的先行词是the village,关系词在定语从句中作状语,故where符合题意。答案为C。11The teenagers like the musician _ differe

9、nt kinds of music.Awho playBwhich playsCwho playsDthat play【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析:句意:青少年喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。The musician是先行词,后面跟的是它的定语从句。先行词musician指人,用who、that引出定语从句,错;关系词在定语从句中作主语,定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致。musician是单数,谓语用单数:plays。故选C。12The story _ I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers

10、.AwhoseBwhoCthatDwhere【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:我在报纸上读到的那个故事是关于青少年的一个普遍问题。考查定语从句的先行词。这里指代我在报纸上所读的故事,用that作为定语从句的先行词。故选C。13Everyone _ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city.AwhyBwhoseCwhoDwhich【答案】C【解析】【分析】【考点定位】:考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析:句意:去过上海的每个人都说它是一个现代化的城市。why为什么;whose谁的;who谁,可以引导定语从句,主语是人;which哪一个,可以引导定语从句

11、,先行词指物。根据句意可知,这里考查的是定语从句,先行词是Everyone,指代人,根据句意可知选C。14This is the dictionary _ Mum gave me for my birthday.AwhichBwhatCwhoseDwhom【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。这里是定语从句,先行词是为物时用which;what不能引导定语从句;先行词指人时用who;当先行词为物主代词时用whose。本题先行词为dictionary,字典是物,所以用关系词which。故选A。15Why are you so worried? -Ive lost t

12、he watch _ my dad bought me on my birthday.AwhatBwhoCwhoseDwhich【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:你为什么如此担心?我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句,先行词是watch表示物,故关系代词只能用which或that;what不引导定语从句;who的先行词是人;whose表示所属;故选D。16Yu Guangzhong is a famous writer and poet_ wrote the well-known poem Nostalgia (乡愁) and passed away on Decembe

13、r 14th, 2017.AwhoBwhichCwhatDwhose【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:余光中是一位著名的作家和诗人,曾写过著名的乡愁,于2017年12月14日去世。考查定语从句。A. who谁;B. which哪一个;C. what什么;D. whose谁的;由题干可知本题考查定语从句,先行词指的是人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who来引导;故答案选A。17 The English-Chinese dictionary my father bought for me many years ago is still of great help.A whose B that C w

14、ho D when【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:多年前我爸爸为我买的英汉词典仍然有很大的帮助。先行词dictionary在定语从句中作宾语,可以用关系代词that代替,所以选B。考点:考查关系代词。18The cat _ played with you just now is _.A which; I B what; me C that; mine D who; my【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:刚才和你玩的猫是我的。The cat后跟的是定语从句,先行词the cat指事物,关系词用that或which;后空意思是“我的”,未修饰名词,用名词性的物主代词:mine。故选C。考点:考查

15、定语从句及代词的用法。19Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut_ has ever traveled in space.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:刘洋是中国第一个曾经在太空旅行过的女宇航员。定语从句用来充当句中定语的结构,被修饰的名词叫先行词,此句的先行词为astronaut。连接主从句的是关系词。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行词,that既可指认又可指物。whom在定语从句中作宾语;whose在定语从句中作定语。此处连接词who做主语,故选C。考点:考查定语

16、从句的连接词。20The Gree (格力) Company is developing a new kind of machine can cool down our rooms more quickly.AwhoBwhatCwhomDwhich【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:格力公司正在开发一种新的机器,它可以使我们的房间更迅速地降温。A. who先行词为人,作主语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whom先行词为人,作宾语;D. which先行词为物,此句的先行词为machine,指物,故答案为D。考点:考查定语从句的连接词。21The first thing _ I have

17、to do now is to keep healthy.AwhichBthatCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:我现在不得不做的第一件事是保持健康。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分,被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分:1关系代词:who , whom , whose , which , that。2关系副词:where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行词,that既可指人又可指物。关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语。但在下列情况下一般只用that而不用which :先行词本身是all , everything ,

18、 something , nothing , anything等不定代词时, 先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时,先行词既有人又有物时。根据先行词有序数词修饰,故选B。考点:考查定语从句的用法。22The rich man is very kind and helpful to the people _ have difficulties.AwhichBwhomCwhoDwhat【答案】C【解析】句意:那个富人对有困难的人非常善良,而且爱帮助。which引导定语从句修饰事,作主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;who引导定语从句

19、修饰人,作主语或宾语;what引导名词性从句,作主语,宾语或表语。此处先行词people,表示人,后面的定语从句中缺少主语,故用who引导。故选C。23Ill never forget the important people in my life _ helped and supported me.AwhoBwhatCwhichDwhose【答案】A【解析】句意:我将用不忘记那些在我的生活中帮助我和支持我的重要的人。修饰先行词people的定语从句,缺少主语,故用代词who。故选A。24A graduation ceremony is a custom takes place student

20、s graduate from a school.Awhich; whenBthat; whoCwhich; whoseDthat; which【答案】A【解析】句意:毕业仪式就是当学生们从学校毕业时,举行的一个习惯仪式。结合语境可知前文先行词custom为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故引导词用that或者which。下文从句内容为前文动作发生的逻辑时间状语,故引导词用when,当时候,选A。考点:英语从句25Why are you still here? Its time to start.Im busy searching the Internet for the photos of s

21、ome famous singers _ I can use in my speech.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你为什么还在这儿?时间到了。我在忙着在网上搜索一些著名歌手的照版,我可以在演讲中使用。空后是一个定语从句,先行词是the photos,指事物,用that、which引出定语从句。故选B。26The pen _ you are looking for is under the desk.AwhoBwhoseCthat【答案】C【解析】句意:你正在找的那支钢笔在桌子下面。考查定语从句。三个选项都可引导定语从句:who的先行词是人;whos

22、e的先行词是物,表所属;that的先行词是人或物。先行词the pen是物,且在从句中做宾语,需用that引导;根据句意结构,可知选C。27My favorite actor is Jackie Chan _is from China.AwhoBwhomCwhose【答案】A【解析】句意:我最喜欢的演员是成龙,他来自中国。who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whom也可以引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作宾语;whose的。根据句意可知,这个引导词指代的是Jackie Cheney,并在从句中作主语,故应选A。28- Its the best time to vi

23、sit Lianyungang now. - This is the best place _ I have ever visited.AwhereBthatCwhichDwhen【答案】B【解析】句意:现在是参观连云港的最佳时间。这是我去过的最好的地方。考查定语从句。四个选项所示引导词均可引导定语从句,但先行词the best place有最高级best限制,需用that引导,故选B。29The photos successfully show the rich culture _makes Shiyan so famous.AwhatBwhichCwhoDwhy【答案】B【解析】【详解】句

24、意:这些照片成功地展示了使十堰非常出名的丰富文化氛围。A. what不能作为定语从句的连接词;B. which先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;C. who先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语;D. why引导定语从句时,在句中作原因状语。本句先行词是culture,指物,引导定语从句的关联词只能用which,故答案为B。【点睛】在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he

25、 the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语

26、、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构,因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。30(河南省2015年中考英语试题)Why dont you like fishing? Fishing is a hobby needs much patience, but Im not patient at all.AwhoBthatCitDwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你为什么不喜欢钓鱼?钓鱼的爱好需要很大的耐心,但我根本没有耐心。考查定语从句的用法。who谁;that那;it它;what什么。先行词a hobby是物,在定语从句中作主语, 可知用关系代词that或which引导此定语从句,结合选项可知选B。

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