1、【英语】情态动词难点练习一、单项选择情态动词1The principal in our school has recently passed a rule that students _ wear school uniforms in our campus.AmayBshouldCwillDshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们学校的校长最近通过了一项规定,要求学生在校园里穿校服。分析句子可知,“that students _ wear school uniforms in our campus.”是同位语从句对名词“rule”内容解释说明。当表示强制,用于法令、条约、规
2、章中,意为“必须,应该”等时句子用情态动词shall。故选D。【点睛】情态动词shall的用法:1、在主语是第一、三人称的疑问句中征求对方意见:要不要?好吗?如:Shall we go?该走了吧?2、用于二、三人称,在陈述句中表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告、威胁等。如:You shall borrow the book。你可以借这本书。3、表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”。例如本小题,分析句子可知,“that students _ wear school uniforms in our campus.”是同位语从句对名词“rule”内容解释说明。当表示强制,用于法令、条
3、约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”等时句子用情态动词shall。故选D。2Its really great to have a computer to store my photos.Dont count on it too much. It _ break down and youd better make a copy of them.AmustBcanCshouldDwill【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:有一台计算机来储存照片真是太棒了。不要过度依赖它。它有时候也会出故障,你最好做一个备份。计算机出故障这是可能的事情,表示客观可能性用can。must肯定,必须;should应
4、该;will表意愿。故B选项正确。3One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.AmightBcouldCshallDwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:我们其中一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。shall可以表示“命令,警告,强制要求;允诺;法律,规定要做”,结合句意可知C正确。4Whats wrong with you?Oh, I am sick. I _ so much ice cream just now.Ashouldnt eatBmustnt e
5、atCcouldnt have eatenDshouldnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意:你怎么了?我生病了,我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldnt eat不应该吃;B. mustnt eat禁止吃;C. couldnt have eaten不可能吃;D. shouldnt have eaten本来不应该吃。根据just now可知,是发生在过去,故选D。5No student _ go out of school to have lunch without permission of the headteacher.AmightBm
6、ustCshallDcould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:未经校长允许,任何学生不得离开学校去吃午饭。might可能;must一定,必须;shall会,将;could能够。本句是一条禁令。shall用于肯定句并且主语是第一、三人称时,表示允诺,警告,劝告等语气。故选C。6I still find it hard to imagine that such a clever child _ make such a foolish mistake.AshallBmustCcanDshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。 句意:我仍然难以想象这样聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的
7、错误。should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的,常常译为竟会、居然,这么聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。表示意外,shall表示允诺,命令等,must表示必须,can表示能力及可能性。所以答案选D。7Daddy, would you please buy me an iPhoneX?If you can pass this midterm examination, you _ have one as a reward.AmustBneedCwouldDshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:爸爸,你可以给我买部iPhone X吗?-如果你通
8、过考试,你就会得到一部作为奖励。A. must一定;B. need必要;C. would将,会;D. shall会。根据语境可知,这句话是父亲对子女的允诺,故选D。【点睛】shall的用法。1. shall作为助动词,一般用于第一人称和We,表示一个将来的动作,构成将来时态。shall后面接动词原形。例如:(1)I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事,然后告诉你我的想法。(2)We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。2. shall用于第一人称,表示征求对方的
9、意愿。如:What shall we do this evening?3. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如:Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital?4. shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如:You shall fail if you dont work harder. (警告) He shall have the book when I finish reading. (允诺)He shall be puni
10、shed. (威胁)比如本题,根据语境可知,这句话是父亲对子女的允诺,故选D。8Our English teacher is considerate,helpful,and warm-hearted,but sometimes she_ be angry at our silly mistakes.AshouldBmustCcanDshall【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们的英语老师很体贴、乐于助人、热心肠,但有时她可能为我们愚蠢的错误而发火。can表示一种客观的可能性,但不一定会发生,故C项正确。9Frankly speaking, I am not sure whethe
11、r I _ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.Ashould have doneBneed have doneCwould have doneDmust have done【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:坦率地说,我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事,这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事,而实际上没有做某事;B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做;C. wo
12、uld have done虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”;D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”。由“in the old days”可知,本句表示对过去事情的假设。故选C项。10Traveling by subway _ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.AmustBcanCshallDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险,尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须;一定;B. can能够;可
13、能;C. shall将会;D. should应该;应当。本句中can表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力),故选B。11I feel a little nervous.Take it easy. You _ have difficulty passing the exam when you have prepared for it well.AmustntBneedntCmay notDshouldnt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我觉得有点紧张。不要着急。当你准备充分时,通过考试应该不会有困难。A. mustnt禁止,不允许;B. neednt不必;C. may not可能不会
14、;D. shouldnt不应该。结合句意可知答案为D。12Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You _ have fixed full attention on it.AcanBshouldCneedDmight【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:看!你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构,can have done表示可能;need表示需要;might have done表示可能做过某事;故选B。13I _ w
15、orry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.AcantBmustntCdarentDneednt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我没有必要担心我的周末,我总是在周末到来之前做好计划。A. cant 不可能;B. mustnt禁止;C. darent不敢; D .neednt没有必要。由“I always have my plans ready before it comes ”可知,neednt “没有必要” 符合句意。故选D。14It has been announced that all
16、the candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.AshallBcouldCwouldDought【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意:据宣布,所有的候选人都要坐在位置上,直到所有的试卷都被收齐。根据句意可知本句是考试规则,情态动词shall可以表示“按照规则/规定/法律要做的事情”,符合本句语境。故A项正确。15If we had paid enough attention to the issue of the heavily-overloaded vehicles,
17、the tragedy of the collapse of an overpass in Wuxi _ avoided.AshouldBcould beCshould have beenDcould have been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意:如果我们对超载车辆问题给予足够的重视,就可以避免无锡立交桥垮塌的悲剧。本句为“情态动词+have done”结构,结合句意表示“本来可以;本来能够”应用could have done结构,且主语与谓语动词avoid构成被动关系,故应用be done形式。故选D。【点睛】情态动词+have done的结构和用法有以下几种:一、mu
18、st have done sth.“一定做了某事”。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测,这时只能用在肯定句中,“肯定/必须已经干过”,在否定句和疑问句中用cant或couldnt或can/ could,例如:1.From what you said, she must have told you all about it. 从你的话看,她一定告诉了你所有的事情。二、can/could have done sth.本来能够做某事,而实际上未做;1.But we could have done it all so much better. 但是,我们本可以把这一切做得更好。三、cant/couldnt
19、 have done sth.不可能做过某事;1. We couldt have done it without you.没有你我们办不成这事。四、ought to/should have done sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring. 你应该在今年春天第一次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。2.Even if its something you should have done earlier in the week or missed a detail
20、 on.甚至你在一个星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽略了一个小细节。16According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one _ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.AcanBshallCwillDmay【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:根据最新发行的关于网络视频服务的规章,任何人都不可以使用此类技术生成、发行或者传播虚假消息。A. can 能够,有时会;B. sha
21、ll 一三人称表示征求对方意见; 二三人称陈述句,表示允诺、威胁、恐吓或法律条文的规定。C. will 意愿;D. may 也许,可能。根据前面的regulation(规定)可知,本题选shall更加合理。故选B。17My computer _ start this morning. There must have been something wrong with it.AwouldntBshouldntCcouldntDmustnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。A. wouldnt 不会; B. shouldnt不应该; C. couldnt 不能; D. mustnt禁止,不允
22、许。句意:我的电脑今早启动不了。一定是出了什么问题。此处would表示过去的习惯或反复性的动作。故选A。18It turned out that the hotel was so near. I _ the taxi.Aneednt have takenBmust have takenCshould takeDcould take【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:结果证明这家宾馆非常近。我本不必乘坐出租车。neednt have done表示“本不必做某事实际上做了”,根据句意,旅馆很近不用乘坐出租车,但是乘车了。故选A。19I heard they went skiing in
23、the mountains last winter.It true because there was little snow there.Amay be notBwont beCcouldnt beDmustnt be【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:我听说他们去年冬天去山里滑雪。-不可能是真的,因为那里几乎没有雪。A. may be not可能不;B. wont be 不会;C. couldnt be不可能是; D. mustnt be禁止。根据because there was little snow there.可知这里是否定推测,couldnt be“不可能是”符合句
24、意,故选C项。20Are you going on a holiday after the exam?Well, I havent decided yet. I _ find some other choices.AwouldBmightCmustDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:考试后你要去度假吗?嗯,我还没有决定。我可能会发现一些其他的选择。A. would将会;B. might可能;C. must必须;D. should应该。根据上文“ I havent decided yet”可推断,我可能还有别的选择,表示可能性,might符合语境,故选B。21Skil
25、ls like critical thinking and analysis _ be found on the Internet, because they must be acquired in the context of facts.AcantBneedntCmustntDshouldnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意:像批判性思维和分析这样的能力,是不能在互联网上找到的,因为它们必须基于事实来获得。A. cant无法,不可能;B. neednt不需要;C. mustnt不可以,禁止;D. shouldnt不应该。本题讲的是这种批判性思维的能力无法通过浏览鱼龙混杂
26、的网上信息获得,表达的是客观上的不可能,故选A。22He _ his stay in France, didnt he? He looks amazingly different.Awill have enjoyedBshould have enjoyedCcan have enjoyedDmust have enjoyed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:他在法国一定过得很愉快,是吗?他看起来很不一样。must have done一定做某事。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测。由“ He looks amazingly different.”可知,他在法国一定过得
27、很愉快。所以这是对过去事情的较有把握的推测。故选D项。23We _ have watered these flowers yesterday. Todays rain will be too much for them.AcantBshouldntCmay notDmustnt【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们昨天不应该给这些花浇水。今天的雨对他们来说太大了。A. cant不可能;B. shouldnt不应该;C. may not或许不会;D. mustnt禁止,不允许。情态动词的完成时shouldt have done“本不应该做而做了”。根据Todays rain will
28、 be too much for them.可知,此处指昨天不应该给这些花浇水。故选B。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构:1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句。如:It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱。如:He cant have finished the work so soon.
29、3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could,如:They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余,如:I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式
30、表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些。如:You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的。(但没有) He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that.他本来就不该做那件事。(可是做了) 6.“would + have + 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如:I guess the poet would have been abo
31、ut twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.24How long shall we wait here?The first bus set out earlier than usual today and _ be here any time, I think.AshouldBmightCcanDmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意:我们要在这里等多久?首班车比往常发车的时间早了,我推测可能会在任意时间到达。should 用于表示事实上的可能性或者推
32、测,多用于肯定句。故选A。25May you live longer, grandpa!Thank you! Its the favorite wish I _.Ashould have waited forBmust have waited forCmay have waited forDcould have waited for【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done形式。 句意:爷爷祝您长寿!谢谢,这是我能够等待到的最喜欢的愿望。A. should have waited for 本应该等待; B. must have waited for 一定在等待;C. may h
33、ave waited for可能已经等待; D. could have waited for可以已经等待的。表示可以等到的愿望用could have waited for。故选D。【点睛】情态动词have done不仅是高中英语教学的重点和难点,也是高考的重点。情态动词have done有两大功能:一是表示推测;二是表示虚拟。must have done过去一定做了某事,根据must的本意即可推敲出意思,比较好理解。The lights were out. They must have been asleep. 灯灭了,他们应该睡觉了。should have done本该做某事却没做,shou
34、ld是应该,重点记忆最后的结果是没做某事。You should have told her that you loved her.你本应该告诉她你爱她。could have done字面意思是可能已经做了某事,也可用作本能做却没做某事,重点记忆最后的结果是没做。You could have reviewed, but you played games all night.你本可以复习的,但你一晚上都在玩游戏。may have done也许已经做了某事。26If you wish, you _ come in and have a cup of tea with us any time.Awou
35、ldBshouldCmustDmay【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意:如果你愿意,你可以任何时候过来和我们一起喝杯茶。A. would会,过去常常;B. should应该;C. must必须;D. may可以,可能。结合句意可知,此处用“可以”符合语境,故选D项。27 Jim _ what I said annoying though he didnt say anything. So you mean you will have to apologize to him?Amust findBmight findCshould have foundDmust have fo
36、und【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查must have done结构。句意:吉姆一定觉得我说的话很让人烦,尽管他什么也没说。所以你是说你得向他道歉?根据“though he didnt say anything.”可知此处表示对过去事情的肯定推测,用must have done表示“过去一定做了”,故D项正确。28(2018北京) In todays information age, the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.Aneed BshouldCcan Dmust【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。句意:在今天的信息时代
37、,数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况,即“客观可能性”,故该空应用情态动词can。C选项正确。其余情态动词均没有该用法。need需要;should应该,竟然;must必须,肯定。点睛:can的基本用法:1. (表示能力、功能)能,会;2. (表示推测)可能,可能会;3.(表示允许,请求)可以;4.(表示客观可能性)有时会。29(2018天津) I cant find my purse. I_ it in the supermarket yesterday, but Im not sure.Ashould leaveBmust have leftC
38、might leaveDcould have left【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意:我不能找到我的钱包了,昨天我有可能把它落到超市了,但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知,是对过去事情的推测,故用情态动词+ have done,再根据后句but Im not sure.可知,此推测为不能肯定的推测,故用情态动词could,表示“可能”。故选D。【点睛】情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点。本题抓住两点:第一、时态。根据句中时间状语可以判断出是对过去事情的推测,故用情态动词 + have done;如果是对现在事情的推测,才用情态动词+v原形。第二、情态动词的选择
39、。must为肯定推测,表示“一定”,could为不肯定推测,表示“可能”,这样就能选出正确答案。30- Difficulties always go with me!- Cheer up! If God closes door in front of you, there be a window opened for you.AmustBwouldCcouldDcan【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:困难总是伴随着我!高兴点! 如果上帝在你面前关上了门,一定有一扇窗户为你打开。A. must必须;B. would将要;C. could能,会;D. can能,会。must表示对现在的状态推测时,意为“一定”,表示可能性很大的推测。符合语境。故选A。【点睛】1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为一定。2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时, must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。 3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时,must 要接完成式。4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测,must 后面要接完成进行式。5) 否定推测用cant。本句中的。must表示对现在的状态推测时,意为一定,表示可能性很大的推测。符合第2点用法。