1、【英语】英语虚拟语气试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、初中英语虚拟语气1Peter is going to Larrys party. But he doesnt know what to wear.If I _ him, I _ wear a hat. It makes him cool.Aam, willBwere, willCwere, wouldDwas, would【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:-彼得打算参加劳拉的派对,但是他不知道穿什么。- 如果我是他,我就戴一顶帽子。那会使他很酷。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主
2、要有三种结构:1、与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”2、与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”3、与将来事实相反若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。根据句意可知是于现在的情况相反,故选C考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。2Mr. White
3、_ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didnt show up.Ashould have arrivedBshould arriveCshould have had arrivedDshould be arriving【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:怀特先生本来应该在8:30到会,但他却没有出现。should have done:本来应该做某事而实际上没做。故选A考点:情态动词3-What would you do if you _ a million dollars?-Id give it to the charityAwinBwonCwill winDis
4、 to win【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:如果你赢了一百万美元,你要做什么?我会把它捐给慈善机构。结合语境可知条件从句中描述的是与将来相反的事实,故用一般过去时态,选B。考点:if引导的条件状语从句点评:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(b
5、e通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”:4If I you, I the job.Aam; will takeBwas; would takeCwere; would takeDare; will
6、 take【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会接受这份工作。结合语境可知本句描述的是与现状相反的事实,故从句用过去时态,主句用过去将来时态。选C。考点:if引导的条件状语从句点评:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构:1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would,
7、 could, might)+have+过去分词”3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”:5If I _ a candle, I would light the world bright.Aam Bare Cbe Dwere【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我是一根蜡烛,我将点亮这个世界。if I were 如果我是,were虚拟语气,be动词都用were,故选D考点:if条件句的虚拟语气点评:if条件句的虚拟语气,是中考要求掌握的知识点,分为三种情况:表示与现在事
8、实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be用were),主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。6 If my mother _ I get a grade of 50 in English exam, she would be angry.Aknows Bk
9、new Chas knownDwould know【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我的母亲知道我英语考试成绩是50分,她会生气的。表示与现在事实相反的事实,该用一般过去时态,所以选B。考点:考查虚拟语气。7Yesterday, the storm delayed us. _ the storm, we would have been here in time.ABut forBIf it were not forCBut thatDUnless【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:昨天暴风雨耽搁了我们。要不是有暴风雨,我们会及时赶到这里的。考查连词。But for要不是+短语;If it we
10、re not for要不是(用于对现在的虚拟);But that要不是+从句;Unless除非,后接条件状语从句;根据句中是“the storm”,是名词,所以排除C;根据“would have been ”,是对过去的虚拟排除选项B;分析句子“_ the storm, we would have been here in time.”有暴风雨,我们会及时赶到这里的,应该是“要不是”,故选A。8Luckily, he wasnt driving fast at the time of accident; otherwise, I am sure, it _ a more serious acc
11、ident.Awould beBwereCwould have beenDhad been【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:幸运的是,事故发生时他没有开快车;否则,我相信,这将是一个更严重的事故。考查虚拟语气。根据“wasnt driving”是过去进行时,所以此处是对过去的虚拟,主句时态应用情态动词+have done,故选C。9She doesnt stick to her exercises and a balanced diet. If she _, she would remain slim and healthy.Ahad doneBwould doCdidDshould【答案】C【
12、解析】【详解】句意:她没有坚持锻炼和均衡饮食。如果她这样做了,她将保持苗条和健康。考查虚拟语气。had done过去完成时;would do过去将来时;did过去时;should应该;根据后文“would remain ”,所以是对现在的虚拟,此处应是did/be动词(were),故选C。10If I _ you, I _ go there.Ais; will Bis; would Cwere; would Dwas; will【答案】C【解析】本题考查虚拟语气,if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用一般过去式,主句用过去将来时。句意:如果我是你的话,我会去那儿的。1.57-What wo
13、uld you do if you a million dollars? -If I you, Id give it to medical research.Agot, were Bwin, am Cwon, am Dget, were【答案】A【解析】本题是考查的虚拟语气,对于将来的假设,主句用过去将来时,从句用一般过去时,且be动词为were,故选A2.58What _ you _ if you had a million dollars?Awould, did Bwill, do Cwould, do Dwill, did【答案】C【解析】本题是对于虚拟语气的特殊疑问句的考查,根据句子的
14、结构,选C11 If I you . Istudy harder. Aam , will Bwas, would Cwere, would Dwere, will【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会更努力学习。这个句子要用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反。所以用过去式were, would,故选C。考点:考查虚拟语气。12 I_ a big house for my family if I _ a lot of moneyAwould buy, have Bwould buy, had Cwill buy; had Dwill buy, will have【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意
15、:如果我有很多钱,我要给家人买个大大的房子。句子用虚拟语气,所以动词用过去式,would,had,故选B。考点:考查虚拟语气。13 I coughed a lot last night. What should I do? If I _ you, I would go to see the doctor at once.AamBwere Cwas【答案】B【解析】试题分析: 句意:昨晚我不停地咳嗽,我应该怎么办?哪果我是你,我就会马上去看医生。此句为虚拟语气,与现在事实相反,虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, migh
16、t)+动词原形”,故选C。考点: 考查虚拟语气。14If I _ you, I would say another student could do it better.AwasBwereCwereDare【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:如果我是你,我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知“现在事实”相反,此句是虚拟语气,be动词使用were;故选A。15If I_you, I_go there at once.Aam, wouldBwere, wouldCwere, willDam, will【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会马上去那里。句子用到了虚拟语气
17、,系动词be要用were;will要用过去式would,结合题意故选B。考点:考查虚拟语气。16 Come and join us, Ben! Im afraid I cant. Im too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go.Ahad Bwill have Chave had Dhave【答案】A【解析】试题分析:试题解析:句意:本,来加入我们吧!恐怕我不能。我现在太忙。如果我有时间,我一定会去的。结合语境可知条件状语从句中描述的是与现在相反的事实,故条件状语从句中用一般过去时态,故答案为A。考点:考查虚拟语气。17You are ove
18、rweight. Youd better any junk food. I suggest you more vegetables.Anot to eat, to haveBnot eat, haveCnot eat, to haveDnot to eat, have【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你超重了。你最好不要吃垃圾食品。我建议你多吃点蔬菜。Youd better+动词原形,表示你最好做某事;Youd better+not+动词原形,表示你最好不要做某事;suggest+主语+should+动词原形,should可以省略,I suggest+主语+动词原形。根据题意,故选B。18 Im
19、 going to Larrys party. But I dont know what to wear.If I _ you, I _ wear a dress.Aam; will Bwere; willCwere; would Dam; would【答案】C【解析】试题分析:根据题干,本句的意思应是“如果我是你,我将穿一件裙子。”“我”是不可能成为“你”,所以本句是一个虚拟语气。对于虚拟语气,从句应该用过去式(be动词,不论是第几人称,都用were),主句用would do。所以本题选C。考点:本题考查虚拟语气。点评:完成本题时注意区分虚拟语气和if引导的条件状语从句。虚拟语气是不可能发生
20、的,是一种假设情况;而if引导的条件状语从句,是有可能发生的。如果不明白这两者的区别,就比较容易发错。19-Come and join us.- Im sorry, but Im busy. If I _ time, I would go.Ahave B hadC will have D have had【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:来加入我们吧!抱歉,但是我正忙着呢。如果我有时间,我会去的。结合语境可知下文从句中是对现在情况的虚拟,故用一般过去时态,选B。考点:虚拟语气点评:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还
21、是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反,条件从句
22、的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”:20I wish I _fly to the moon one day Acan Bcould Cam Dwas 【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:我希望有一天我能飞到月球。通过对这句话的理解我们可以知道这是一个几乎不可能实现的愿望,故在wish 后面的宾语从句中应用虚拟语气,所以用过去时态。故选B。考点:考查虚拟语气。21If I _ you, I _ buy a bike for him.Awas, would Bwas, could Cwere, would Dwere
23、, could【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我就给他买一辆自行车。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。表示与现在事实相反,条件从句用一般过去时,be动词习惯用were,主句用should、could、would + 原形动词。故选C。考点:考查虚拟语气。22The headmaster with his students Hangzhou Paradise Park if it tomorrow.Ais going to; isnt rainy Bare going to; isnt rainyCis g
24、oing to; wont rain Dare going to; doesnt rain【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致和if从句。with连接几个主语时,与第一个保持一致。排除B、D;if条件句用一般现在时代替将来时,排除C。句意“如果不下雨,班主任和同学明天将要去杭州天堂公园。”故选A。23If it were Sunday today, I_ go to school.Ashant Bwould not Ccant Dwont【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:如果今天是星期天,我将不去上学。虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中,可以表示与现在事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be
25、动词用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。如:1.If I were you, I would join the army. 2.If she had time, she should go with you.。由句意可知选B。考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。24 What would you do if you _ a car accident? I will call the police. AmetBmeetCwere meeting【答案】A【解析】试题分析: 虚拟语气中,表示与现在事实相反的句子,if从句用一般过
26、去时,主句用would/should/might+动词原形。句意:如果你遇到一场交通事故你该怎么做?我将打电话报警。故选A。考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。25If I _ you, I would give some flowers to her.Aam Bare Cwas Dwere【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会送她一些花。这是由if引导的一个虚拟语气句子,表示与现在事实相反的情况,其句型为“ if+ 主语 + 动词的过去式( be 动词用 were ),主语 +would / could / might / should + 动词原形”。故选D。考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。2
27、6If I a boss, I would manage a big factory.Aare BwasCwere Dbe【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:如果我是老板,我会经营一家大型工厂。由句意可知,此句是虚拟语气,if引导的从句应该用过去式的形式,其中第一人称用were,故答案为C。考点:考查虚拟语气。27Swimming in the river for teenagers is very dangerous.So it is. If I _ them, I _ a shower at home.Aam; would take Bwere; will takeCwas; would t
28、ake Dwere; would take【答案】D【解析】试题分析:在河里游泳对青少年是非常危险的。的确如此。如果我是他们,我会在家洗澡。if从句表假设,与现在事实相反,be动词则用were ,无论第几人称做主语。主句常用would 跟动词原形。故选D。考点:考查固定句式的用法。28What_you do if you had a million dollars ? Awould Bwill Cdid Ddo【答案】A【解析】考查点:虚拟语气。解题思路:根据句意:如果你有一百万你将会干什么? “如果你有一百万”是对现在的一种假设,与现在的事实相反。表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的结构是:主句用
29、should/would/could/might+动词原形,从句用一般过去时态。故选A。29 Come and join us, Betty! Im afraid I cant. Im too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go.Ahave Bhave hadCwill have Dhad【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:-贝蒂,来加入我们吧!-恐怕我不能。我现在太忙。如果我有时间,我当然会去了。分析:考查if引导的虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。其句子结构为:从句:If + 主语+ had +过去完成式动词+ 主句:主语+ wou
30、ld (should, could, might) + have +过去完成式动词+故选 D考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。30-Can you tell me what to wear at the party? -If I _you,I_the blue jeans.Awas,will wearBam,will wearCwere,would wearDwere,wore【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:-你能告诉我穿什么参加聚会吗?-如果我是你,我会穿蓝色的牛仔裤。本题考查的是虚拟条件句中主句和从句的时态问题。用if引导的虚拟条件句,虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设,其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were),主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形,例如:If I were in your position I would marry her.结合语境可知应选C。考点:考查虚拟语态。