1、【英语】名词难点练习一、单项选择名词1New _ continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces.AcharactersBgenerationsCinsectsDtourists【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：新一代人继续使用古老的农业方法来维持梯田。A. characters 特点；B. generations 一代人；C.insects 昆虫；D. tourists游客。分析句子可知，新一代人继续使用古老的农业方法来维持梯田。故选B。2As for your _ about the s
2、hoes, sir, I will speak to the person in charge and ask him either to give you another pair or to give your money back.Acomposition Bcompromise Ccomplaint Dconcept【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. composition作文； B. compromise妥协； C. complaint抱怨； D. concept概念。句意：先生，关于你对这双鞋的投诉，我会和负责的人谈谈，让他要么给你另一双鞋，要么把钱还给你。complaint
3、 about“对-抱怨”，故选C。3 attention to surrounding traffic is a(n) to accidents.ADrivers not paying; invitationBDrivers not paying; invitationCDrivers not paying; causeDDrivers not paying; cause【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词和名词。句意：司机不注意周围的交通会引起事故。此处是动名词的否定形式作主语，且逻辑主语是名词所有格形式，所以第一个空应填Drivers not paying；第二个空，an invitati
4、on to“-的一个邀请”，结合句意此空填invitation。故选B。4The broken window was the that the house had been broken into.Aevidence BexpressionCscenery Dfunction【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. evidence证据； B. expression表达； C. scenery风景； D. function功能。句意：弄坏的窗户是这所房子被破门而入的证据。故选A。5When people need information, from the news and weather f
5、orecasts to travel packages and academic research, the Internet is now the first_ they turn to.Aprivilege Bsource Cassistance Doutcome【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. privilege特权； B. source来源； C. assistance帮助，援助； D. outcome结果。句意：当人们需要信息时，从新闻和天气预报到旅游套餐和学术研究，互联网现在是他们求助的第一个来源。结合句意可知答案为B。6How amazing it is that Zuc
6、kberg can speak Chinese! After all, it is a big_ for any westerner to learn such a totally different language.Aadventure BachievementCtrend Dchallenge【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. adventure冒险；B. achievement成就；C. trend趋势；D. challenge挑战。句意：扎克伯格会说中文是多么令人吃惊啊！毕竟，对任何西方人来说，学习一门完全不同的语言是一个巨大的挑战。根据句意可知此处表示“挑战”，故D项
7、正确。7We most prefer to say yes to the _ of someone we know and like.AattemptsBrequestsCdoubtsDpromises【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：对于我们认识和喜欢的人的请求，我们大多喜欢说可以。A.attempt尝试；B. request请求；C.doubts怀疑；D.promises承诺。根据句意故选B。【名师点睛】本题的关键信息是say yes，根据情理判断，我们会对他人的要求、求助说yes，把四个选项意思弄清楚，就不难选出答案了。因此，考生可以试着将词汇放在日常的情景交际中进行操练，加
8、强对词汇的语境理解，可以达到事半功倍的效果。8We cant make out his _ of the article because there are too many technical terms in it.AfictionBabstractCclaimDprinciple【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我们不能弄清楚他这篇文章的摘要，因为里面有太多的术语。A. fiction虚构类文学作品；B. abstract摘要；C. claim声称；D. principle原则。由“ article ”可知，abstract“摘要”符合句意。故B选项正确。9To be hon
9、est, she had a great _ for the small town where she grew up.AeffectBeffortCaffectionDpatience【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：说实话，她对她长大的那个小镇有很深的感情。A. effect影响；B. effort努力；C. affection深情；D. patience耐心。短语have a great affection for sth. 意为“对某物钟爱，对某物有深挚的感情”。故选C。10Somehow Pavels words made sense to Bruno and he
10、resisted the _ to say “Ow” any more, and when Pavel finished applying the green liquid he took a bandage from the first-aid box and taped it to the cut.AconvenienceBtrickCimpressionDurge【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知怎的，帕维尔的话对布鲁诺来说很有意义，他克制住了想说“噢”的冲动。当帕维尔涂完这种绿色液体后，他从急救箱里拿出一条绷带，把它绑在伤口上。A. convenience方便；B.
11、 trick诡计，窍门；C. impression印象；D. urge强烈的欲望。根据句意故选D。11They celebrate their wedding _ every year.AadvantageBaimCamountDanniversary【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们每年都庆祝结婚纪念日。A. advantage优势；B. aim目的；C. amount数量；D. anniversary周年纪念日。根据“They celebrate their wedding”可知，此处表示“结婚纪念日”，故D项正确。12Deliberately push yoursel
12、f out of your _. Try things that you do not normally try.AoriginBbudgetCroutineDidentity【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. origin起源；B. budget预算；C. routine常规，惯例；D. identity身份。句意：故意让自己脱离常规。尝试一些你通常不会尝试的事情。结合句意可知答案为C。13The child is so full of _ that he cant keep quiet.AstrengthBenergyCpowerDforce【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词
13、辨析。句意：这孩子精力充沛，无法保持安静。A. strength力量；B. energy精力；活力；C. power权利；能力；D. force武力。根据句意故选B。14On November 11, Alibaba sold more than 210 billion yuan _ goods on its e-commerce platforms T and TMall, making headlines all over the world.Asum of Bvalue forCworth of Dprofit for【答案】C【解析】【详解】考名词短语辨析。A. sum of的总和；B
14、. value for物有所值（多形容质量）；C. worth of值的价值（多用于实际价值）；D. profit for利润为。句意：11月11日，阿里巴巴在其电子商务平台淘宝和天猫上销售了价值2100多亿元的商品，成为全世界的头条新闻。15As global warming increases, the Earth will become less and less suited to life, and many species will face _.AextinctionBdirectionCcalculationDapplication【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句
15、意：随着全球变暖的加剧，地球将越来越不适合生命生存，许多物种将面临灭绝。A. extinction灭绝，消失；B. direction指导；C. calculation计算；D. application申请；应用。结合句意，故选A。16The audience burst into laughter because of the_of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen”.Aslip Bslide Cseal Dspit【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：观众爆发出一阵笑声
16、因为主持人的口误，说：“好女士，晚上和先生。” A. slip失误；B. slide滑动；C. seal印章；D. spit唾液。the slip of tongue口误，固定搭配。故选A。17Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with their_ to push the boundaries of human achievement.AintelligenceBinfluencesCimpressionDattempts【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：奥运健儿们努力突破人类成就的极限，为全世界人民带来了欢乐
17、。A. intelligence智力，理解力；B. influences 影响；C. impression印象，效果；D. attempts企图，试图。结合句意可知D项符合语境。18As we all know, there is a close _ between diet and health.AconnectionBevidenceCpowerDbelief【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我们都知道，饮食和健康之间有密切的联系。A. connection联系；B. evidence证据；C. power力量，能力；D. belief信念，信仰。此处指饮食和健康两者的联系，故
18、选A。19I would like to thank all of you who made the effort. It is a relief that employees so clearly show their _ to their job. Thank you.AdevotionBapplicationCconnectionDinvitation【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我要感谢所有付出努力的人。员工们如此热爱自己的工作让人感到欣慰。谢谢。A. devotion奉献，专心；B. application申请；C. connection联系；D. invitat
19、ion邀请。devotion to 意为“献身于，热爱”，因此使用devotion符合句意，故选A。20Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its_by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price.AreputationBcampaignCappetiteDoccupation【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老干妈是中国最好的辣椒酱。该公司通过不断以较低的价格提供高质量的产品而建立了自己
20、的声誉。A. reputation名誉；B. campaign运动；C. appetite胃口；D. occupation职业，占有。由“by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price”可知，reputation“名誉”符合句意。故选A。21Winning _ in the international market, Chinas high-quality products have brought us a good profit.AregulationBdevotionCrecognitionD
21、insurance【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：在国际市场上赢得认可，中国的优质产品给我们带来了很好的利润。A. regulation规章制度；B. devotion奉献；C. recognition认可；D. insurance保险。分析句意可知，此处应表示在国际市场上赢得认可，中国的优质产品给我们带来了很好的利润。结合选项，故选C。22As all the readers can see, the painting presents the childrens mood before the trip and after the trip in a sharp _.Aoppos
22、iteBcontrastCcomparisonDcontrary【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如读者们所看到的，这幅画呈现了孩子们出游前后的心情，二者是截然相反的。A. opposite对立面；B. contrast对照；C. comparison比较；D. contrary相反。此处对比孩子们出游前后的心情，in a sharp contrary表示“恰恰相反”，故D项正确。23Anyone who is in _ of weapons without permission is considered lawbreaking.AcommandBcontrolCcharg
23、eDpossession【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义和短语辨析。句意：没有许可证而拥有武器的人被认为违法。A. command命令；B. control 控制；C. charge负责；D. possession拥有。根据句意可知，此处固定短语in possession of“拥有”符合语境。故选D。24Tony put on soft music and turned down the lights in order to give a more relaxed _ at home.AviewBattitudeCstyleDatmosphere【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨
24、析。句意：托尼放了柔和的音乐，把灯调暗，以便使家里的气氛更轻松。A. view视野，风景；B. attitude态度；C. style风格；D. atmosphere气氛。根据语境及选项分析可知，此处指更轻松的“氛围”。故选D。25A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems.AburdenBriskCholeDdisaster【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉父母我的问题时，我肩上的重担减轻了。A. burden负担；B. risk冒险；C. hole洞；D.
25、disaster灾难。根据句意及选项可知，此处使用“负担减轻”符合题意。故选A。26Be sure to read the _ in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer.AinstructionsBsolutionCdescriptionsDmessage【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你使用新电脑前，一定要阅读说明书上的说明。A. instructions指示，说明；B. solution解决方法；C. descriptions描述；D. message信息。结合句意可知，此处用“说明”符合语境，故
26、选A项。27The _ on his face told me that he was angry.AimpressionBsightCappearanceDexpression【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他脸上的表情告诉我他生气了。A. impression印象；B. sight视力；C. appearance外观；D. expression表情。根据空后on his face可知，此处指“脸上的表情”。故选D。28The report at the conference analyses in detail why a new legal is needed to b
27、etter protect the environment.AcurrencyBframeworkCallowanceDoccupation【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：会议上的报告详细分析了为什么需要一个新的法律框架来整好地保护环境。A. currency通货；B. framework框架；C. allowance津贴；D. occupation职业。根据语境和各选项分析可知，故B项正确。29The application of VR in classroom teaching received a mixed_among students.Aexplanatio
28、n Bmotivation Creception Dadaptation【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：学生们对虚拟现实技术在课堂教学中的应用有褒贬不一的接受。A. explanation解释；B. motivation动机；C. reception接受；D. adaptation适应。根据句意，故选C。30“We trust that todays talks will help create _ on the Belt and Road Initiative as part of the efforts to build a global community of a shared future,” said Zhou Shuchun.AconsensusBconsequenceCcompromiseDcompetence【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：周树春表示:“我们相信，今天的会谈将有助于就一带一路倡议达成共识，这是构建全球命运共同体努力的一部分。”A. consensus共识 ；B. consequence结果；C. compromise妥协; D. competence 胜任。会谈将有助于就一带一路倡议达成共识。所以 consensus“共识”符合句意。故选A项。
