1、2019届高三英语一模汇编选词填空1、2019黄浦一模Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. measurement B. similar C. remarkably D. monetary E. astronomy F. alteredG. civilization H. defined I. independence J
2、. invariably K. dominatedThe NileThe ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-asthe gift of the Nile. The Egyptians depend on the river for food, for water and for life. The Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile, creating the earliest irrigation systems an
3、d developing a prosperous _31_.Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost _32_ each year in June. Once the water subsided, a rich deposit of sand was left behind, making an excellent topsoil. Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks. Drought could spell disaste
4、r for the Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land. They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood.An early system of _33_, a Nilometer, was used to determine the size of the floods. Later, during the New Kingdom,
5、 a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river_34_ to the way in which a well is used today.The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions. Without a(n) _35_ system they exchanged goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their
6、efforts in medicine were also _36_ advanced: surgeons performed operations to remove cysts（囊肿）. Mummification gave them great understanding of the human bodyyet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease, and discoveries were often confused with superstition（迷信）. And while a gr
7、eat deal of time was dedicated to _37_ , the Egyptians thought the stars were gods.By the 16th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in 1882. What is now mostly Arabic Egypt only won _38_ from Britain after World War . The Suez Canal, opened in 1869, _39_ the countr
8、y as a center for world transportation. But it, and the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971 _40_ the ecology of the Nile, which now struggles to satisfy the countrys rapidly growing population, currently more than 76 millionthe largest in the Arab world.答案：31-35GJABD36-40CEIHF难度：中等2、2019普陀一模A.
9、generated B. furniture C. fame D. resulting E. suggestions F. developed G. eventually H. complete I. fixed J. commercial K. softlyThe Father of 3D PrintingAbout twenty years ago, the surgeons at the Wilford Hall medical center working to separate a pair of conjoined (连体的) twins thought that only one
10、 would be able to walk after the operation. After a model of the girls bone structure was (31) _ using 3D printing, however, they found a shared upper leg bone to be bigger than expected and split it successfully, (32) _ in both twins being able to walk. Now eighty and still working as chief technol
11、ogy officer of 3D Systems, Chuck Hull is enjoying some minor (33) _ 31 years after he first printed a small black eye-wash cup using a new method of manufacturing known as 3D printing.At the time, he was working for a company that used UV light to put thin layers of plastic coats on tabletops and (3
12、4) _. He had an idea that if he could place thousands of thin layers of plastic on top of each other and then cut their shape using light, he would be able to form three dimensional objects. After a year, he (35) _ a system where light was shone into a bottle of photopolymer a material which changes
13、 from liquid to plastic-like solid when light shines on it and traces the shape of one level of the object. Subsequent layers are then printed until it is (36) _.After patenting the invention, he set up 3D Systems, (37) _ getting $6m (3.5m) from a Canadian investor. The first (38) _ product came out
14、 in 1988 and proved a hit among car manufacturers, in the aerospace sector and for companies designing medical equipment. The possibilities appear endless from home-printed food and medicine to (39) _ that pictures of objects be able to be taken in shops and then recreated using plans downloaded fro
15、m the Internet. Although deliberate in his responses, there is one moment when the (40) _ spoken Chuck Hull tells of his surprise about what exactly his creation was capable of achieving.答案：31-35 A D C B F 36-40 H G J E K难度：偏难3、2019徐汇一模A. inadequateB. repeatedlyC. process D. achieveE. directedF. rea
16、ctionsG. raisingH. eliminateI. characterizedJ. immediateK. mechanismThe human body can tolerate only a small range of temperature, especially when the person is engaged in vigorous activity. Heat (31) _ usually occur when large amounts of water and/or salt are lost through oversweating following exh
17、austing exercise. When the body becomes overheated and cannot (32) _ this overheatedness, heat exhaustion and heat stroke are possible.Heat exhaustion is generally (33) _ by sweaty skin, tiredness, sickness, dizziness, plentiful sweating, and sometimes fainting, resulting from a(n) (34) _ intake of
18、water and the loss of fluids. First aid treatment for this condition includes having the victim lie down, (35) _ the feet 8 to 12 inches, applying cool, wet cloths to the skin, and giving the victim sips of salt water (1 teaspoon per glass, half a glass every 15 minutes) over a 1-hour period.Heat st
19、roke is much more serious; it is a(n) (36) _ life-threatening situation. The characteristics of heat stroke are a high body temperature (which may reach 106 F or more); a rapid pulse; hot, dry skin; and a blocked sweating (37) _. Victims of this condition may be unconscious, and first-aid measures s
20、hould be (38) _ at quickly cooling the body. The victim should be placed in a tub of cold water or (39) _ sponged with cool water until his or her temperature is sufficiently lowered. Fans or air conditioners will also help with the cooling (40) _. Care should be taken, however, not to over-chill th
21、e victim once the temperature is below 102 F. 答案：31-40 FHIAG JKEBC难度：中等4、2019杨浦一模A. willingness B. loyal C. priority D. figure E. acknowledging F. interaction G. academic H. drain I. stress J. tense K. convincingDealing with Difficult RelationshipsEveryone has at least one awkward or _31_ relationsh
22、ip. It may be with somebody who will _32_ your energy whenever you are with them. Or worse, it could be someone who always cuts you down. This person may be a family member or even a friend. No matter who it is, its necessary that you learn to set boundaries for yourself. Otherwise this kind of rela
23、tionship can chip away at your self-esteem.Setting boundaries for difficult relationships starts by _33_ how you are affected by the relationship. Do they bring you closer to your goals or pull you farther away? For example, its time to study for tomorrows test. But your friend wants to take you to
24、a party. Here, setting boundaries will help protect your _34_ goals.Next, decide how much time you should spend with these people. Its easy to overcommit yourself. But its difficult to help others if you forget to protect your own _35_.How do you know if a relationship is unhealthy, and its time to
25、set boundaries? Here are a few practical questions to ask yourself.1. How does this relationship affect me?Every _36_ can affect you positively or negatively. For example, someone who pressures you to something youre not comfortable doing will _37_ you out. But a friend who considers how you feel wi
26、ll respect your _38_ to try something new.2.Why am I in this relationship in the first place?People may try to keep you in an unhealthy relationship. By _39_ you its your obligation or duty, you forget about your own needs. Sadly, by remaining _40_ to these people, you forget who you are. You allow
27、them to take advantage of you or even belittle you. Setting boundaries requires taking a long, honest look at yourself. By saying no to harmful patterns in relationships, you say yes to a healthier you. 答案：31-40 J H E G C F I A K B难度：中等5、2019崇明一模A. overate B. preciousC. rateD. researchersE. impressi
28、onF. previousG. presentedH. interpretI. goersJ. revealedK. consumerPeople Think Meals Taste Better If They Are ExpensiveIt is said that theres no such thing as a free lunch, but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal, it will not taste as good as a more expensive meal, according to scientists.A ne
29、w study has found that restaurant 31 who pay more for their meals think the food is tastier than if it is offered for a smaller price. The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and this changes their 32 of how food tastes.Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied t
30、he eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian buffet (自助餐) in a restaurant. The price of the food was set by the 33 at either $4 or $8 for the all-you-can-eat meal. Customers were asked to 34 how good the food tasted, the quality of the restaurant and to leave their names.The experiment 35 that
31、 the people who paid $8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more than those who ate the “cheaper” buffet. Interestingly those that paid for the $4 buffet said they felt guiltier about loading up their plates and felt that they 36 . However, the scientists said that both groups ate around the
32、same quantity of food in total, according to the study 37 at the Experimental Biology meeting this week.Brian Wansink, a professor of 38 behaviour at the university, said: “We were fascinated to find that pricing has little impact on how much one eats, but a huge impact on how you 39 the experience.
33、” He thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small changes to a restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals.In a(n) 40 study, scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume 175 less calories (卡路里) than pe
34、ople who eat in brightly lit areas.答案：31-40 IEDCJ AGKHF难度：中等6、2019长宁一模A. astonishing B. bordered C. blackouts D. consequences E. constant F. estimated G. exploded H. fascinated L. process J. stretched K. upsettingAurora(极光):wonders or disturbancesCanada, February 2017: I stood in the snow on a froze
35、n lake, watching as the sky twisted in front of me. Green bands of light _31_ out in the darkness. Slowly the colours twisted and broke and reappeared elsewhere until, suddenly, a whole band flowed and pulsed across the sky, _32_ with delicate yellow, pinks and purples. It was as dramatic as thunder
36、storm, yet calm. Gentle, yet_33_. Most of all, it was a gift.This was my fifth aurora trip and the first time I had seen fast movements and bright colours. The calm green auroral displays that many people see are driven by a(n)_34_ stream of particles (微粒) from the sun, called the solar wind. But wh
37、en the sun throws us extra hot fast particles, this process goes overdrivewe get much more movement and colour. It is glorious! Aurora-spotters long for it.But for some, the wild movements of the heavens can have serious _35_. Satellites electronics are affected or damaged by incoming fast particlie
38、s, _36_industries that rely on them. Flights may need to change course to avoid radio _37_ around the poles, or to protect aircrew from enhanced radiation exposure. During a solar storm, aircrew may receive their annual radiation limit over a single flight.Stormy space weather affects us on the grou
39、nd, too. A larger storm in 1989 caused a 10-hour electrical blackout over Canadas Quebec Province, costing the economy a(n)_38_ C$10 billion. Disturbance of the atmosphere causes problems with radio broadcast and GPS. In September 2017, a huge solar flame _39_ just as Hurricane lran hit the Caribbea
40、n. The resultant HF radio blackout held up the emergency response. Meanwhile, beautiful aurora displays were seen in England. Place its beauty aside, then, and the auroral_40_is nothing other than a giant planetary disturbance, more of a worry than a wonder for some people. Yet seldom do such distur
41、bances have such fascinating side effects as that of the aurora dancing across our Arctic skies.答案：31-35 JBAED 36-40 KCFGI难度：中等7、2019松江一模A. interpret B. encounter C. subjective D. ratings E. previously F. belief G. bubbles H. preciously I. illustrates J. compliments K. site The ability of the herd m
42、entality（从众心理）to increase peoples chances of liking or believing something may help explain a wide variety of phenomena. Aral (A managerial economist at the Massachusetts institute of technology) says, from housing _31_ to gold prices and from political polls to restaurant reviews, the _32_ that oth
43、er people like something has a powerful ability to make people like it themselves. The new study _33_ how simple it would be for companies to control reviews of their products by simply adding a few positive _34_ of their own early reviews in the process, Aral adds. It found that effects were strong
44、est when stories were about politics, business and cultures than for fun or lifestyle pieces. In situations where there are more _35_ news reviews, you have to be a little more cautious about interpreting likes and dislikes. “Think twice before you trust, how many likes something has,” he adds. “Tha
45、ts something you have to _36_ with a grain of salt (持怀疑态度).” And its a situation many online users _37_ on a daily basis.Aral recently went onY to review a restaurant with a plan to give it three out of five stars, but when he got to the _38_, he was shown how other people describe the same place an
46、d those reviews include someone with five stars. Seeing those positive reviews made him think twice about his own _39_ average opinion. “A woman _40_ how great it is, how great her great prices are and how the lemon sauce is so great,” he says. “Maybe its not such a good idea to say some rating right before you make your own.”答案：31-40 GFIDC ABKEJ难度：中等8、2019宝山一模A. common B. voting C. efforts D. elected E. end F. protestin
