景观生态学5-景观格局分析课件.ppt

1、Landscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape Ecology景观格局分析图示景观格局分析图示Landscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape Ecology 能够高度浓缩景观格局信息，反映能够高度浓缩景观格局信息，反映其结构组成和空间配置某些方面特征的简其结构组成和空间配置某些方面特征的简单定量指标。单定量指标。Landscape EcologyL

2、andscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape Ecology1 1 斑块规模指数斑块规模指数2 2 景观要素斑块形状景观要素斑块形状3 3 景观异质性指数景观异质性指数Landscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape

3、 EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLan

4、dscape Ecology5.2.4 景观指数计算软件www.umass.edu/landeco/research/fragstats/fragstats.htmlLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyxLandscape Ecology不同格局的空间自相关举例不同格局的空间自相关举例（空心（空心园园 表示表示0，实心，实心 1）A 完全负相关；完全负相关；B一定程度上负相关；一定程度上负相关；C 不相关或随机分布分布；不相关或

5、随机分布分布；D 一定程度上的正相关；一定程度上的正相关；E 很强的正相关；很强的正相关；F完全正相关。完全正相关。以自相关系数为纵坐标，样以自相关系数为纵坐标，样点间隔距离为横坐标所作的图称点间隔距离为横坐标所作的图称为自相关图（为自相关图（correlogram）,自自相关图可用来分析景观的空间结相关图可用来分析景观的空间结构特征，判别斑块的大小以及某构特征，判别斑块的大小以及某种格局出现的尺度。种格局出现的尺度。Landscape EcologyLandscape EcologyzLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLan

6、dscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyXzijk.Landscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscap

7、e EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape Ecology 这些不同阶段所产生的误差还可能相互这些不同阶段所产生的误差还可能相互作用，不断放大，即所谓的作用，不断放大，即所谓的误差繁衍误差繁衍（error propagation）现象。）现象。Landscape EcologyLandscape EcologyLandscape Ecologyn景观变化及稳定性n景观变化的驱动力景观变化的驱动力 n景观中的人文与文化过程景观中的人文与文化过程生态流的流动表现出生态流的流动表现出三种最基本的形式：三种最基本的形式：扩散、物质流、运动。扩散、物质流、运动。