1、初中英语不规则动词表为了帮助同学们记住不规则动词,现在把教材中出现的不规则动词分为几个类型,每个类型中又分若干组,尽量找出每组中各词变化形式的共同点,以帮助记忆。 1. A-A-A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形) 动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割,切 hit hithit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2. A-A-B型(现在式和过去式同形) 动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词 beat beat beaten 打 3. A
2、-B-A型(现在式和过去分词同形) 动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词 come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run跑 4. A -B -B型 (1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heardheard 听见 (2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形(现在式) 过去
3、式 过去分词 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spentspent 花费(3)其他 动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought买 think thoughtthought 想sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫stan
4、d stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗 find found found 发现 get got got/gotten 得到 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死 / 挂 have had had 有 hold held held 盛,握
5、leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击 tell told told 告诉 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅,闻 sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖5. A-B-C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同) (1)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 g
6、ive gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿 see saw seen 看见write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶throw threw thrown 抛,扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 拉,绘画 show showed shown 展示 (2)过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。 动词原形(现在
7、式) 过去式 过去分词 speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎,折断 wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记(3)变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词 begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉 swim swam swum 游泳 drink dr
8、ank drunk 饮(4)其他不规则动词的变化。 动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词 be(am, is) was/ were been 是 be(are) were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 去 lie lay lain 躺 wear wore worn 穿第一类 名词类1. 这些女老师们在干什么?误 What are the woman teachers doing?正 What are the women teachers doing?析 在英语中,当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man, w
9、oman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men, women.2. 房间里有多少人?误 How many peoples are there in the room?正 How many people are there in the room?析 people作“人、人们”解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。误 I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.正 I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.析 表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a / an或数词+表量的可
10、数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。第二类 动词类4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?误 What time does your sister usually goes to school?正 What time does your sister usually go to school?析 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。5. 琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。误 Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she w
11、atching TV.正 Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.析 在初一英语学习阶段,我们接触到了两种主要时态:一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often, usually, sometimes 等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am / is / are)+ving形式构成。6. 这双鞋是红色的。误 This pair
12、 of shoes are red.正 This pair of shoes is red.析 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。第三类 代词类7. 这张票是她的,不是我的。误 This is hers ticket. Its not my.正 This is her ticket. Its not mine.析 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。8. 吴老师教我们英语。误 Mi
13、ss Wu teaches our English.正 Miss Wu teaches us English.析 teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。第四类 介词类9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗?误 Can you find the answer of this question?正 Can you find the answer to this question?析 英语中用“the answer to ”表示“的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。10. 格林先生
14、星期六上午来这里。误 Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.正 Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.析 表示在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on.11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。误 That little girl on a red skirt is our teachers daughter.正 That little girl in a red skirt is our teachers daughter.析 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时,只
15、能用in,其他介词没有此用法。第五类 副词类12. 莉莉,你为什么不回家呢?误 Lily, why dont you go to home?正 Lily, why dont you go home?析 come, go 等后接here, there, home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。第六类 连词类13. 我喜欢语文和英语,但我不喜欢体育和历史。误 I like Chinese and English, but I dont like P.E. and history.正 I like Chinese and English, but I dont like P.E. or histo
16、ry.析 在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的连接需用or。第七类 冠词类14. 乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。误 It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.正 It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.析 1.表示“一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”;2.our 一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以“一小时”要用 an hour;3.用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。第八类 句法类15. 你不是学生吗? 不,我是学生。误 Arent you a student? No, I am.正 Arent you a student? Yes, I am.析 对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No,这取决于实际情况:如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事实是否定的,就用No表“是的”。2. 房间里有多少人?误 How many peoples are there in the room?正 How many people are there in the room?析 people作“人、人们”解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。