1、初中英语语法时态过去将来时一、定义：一般过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。二、构成（和一般将来时一样，只不过把助动词be变为过去式waswere，把will，shall变为过去式wouldshould）1. would /should 动词原形 这是过去将来时的基本形式。例如： She said she would fly to Beijing the next day.她说她第二天就飞往北京。 He asked whether we should go to Mount Emei of Sichuan Province.他问
2、我们是不是去四川的峨眉山。2. was/were going to 动词原形: 表示过去的计划、打算或者过去看将要发生的事情。例如： She asked what you were going to do next Sunday.她问下一个星期天你打算做什么。 I thought it was going to rain.我原以为要下雨了。3. was/were V-ing 某些表示位置移动的词，如 come, go, leave, fly, drive, arrive, return, start 等可用过去进行时表示在过去的某一时间按计划或安排即将发生的事情。例如：My sister sa
3、id that Uncle Wang was coming to have supper tonight. 我妹妹说今晚王叔要来吃晚饭。He asked if we were leaving on Friday.他问我们是不是星期五动身。三、用法一般过去将来时常用于间接引语中 I asked if he would come and fix my TV set.我问他是否来帮我修电视机。一般过去将来时可用来表示非真实的动作或状态If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at Cambridge University.如果我有机会出国学习的
4、话，我就会去剑桥大学。四、过去将来时和一般将来时的不同 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，它不涉及过去；而过去将来时则是立足于过去时间，展望未来的动作或状态，既联系过去，又涉及将来。例如： We will learn Lesson 19 tomorrow. 我们明天学习第 19 课。（明天要学一般将来时） Our Chinese teacher said we would learn Lesson 19 tomorrow. 语文老师说我们明天学习第 19 课。（过去说的，将来要学过去将来时）初中八种时态归纳总结一、一般现在时:二、一般过去时: 三、现在进行时: 四、过去进行时
5、: 五、现在完成时: 六、过去完成时: 七、一般将来时: 八、过去将来时:一、 一般现在时:句子结构: 1、肯定句 主语+be (am, is, are ) + 其他否定句 主语+be not +其他一般疑问句 Be+主语+其他Eg: Her brother is a student. 否定句 _一般疑问句 _2、肯定句 主语+动词原型动词第三人称单数+其他 否定句 主语+dontdoesnt+动词原型+其他疑问句 DO Does+主语+动词原型+其他(第三人称单数作主语do改为doess)Eg: 1. I do my homework every day. 否定句: _一般疑问句 _2. M
6、ingming usually waters the flowers every day.否定句: _一般疑问句 _就划线部分提问_时间标志词: sometimes, often, usually, always, every day, on Sunday afternoon, at 10 oclock，in the morning, five days a week, three times a month等.注:在if, as soon as等引导的壮语从句,条件壮语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来时,这时一般从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时。二、一般过去时:句子结构: 1、肯定句 主语+be
7、(was,were)+其他否定句 主语+be not+其他一般疑问句 Be+主语+其他Eg： There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句: _一般疑问句 _2、肯定句 主语+动词的过去式+其他否定句 主语+did not+动词原型+其他一般疑问句 Did+主语+动词原型+其他 Eg： They played football in the playground. 否定句: _一般疑问句 _ 时间标志词: yesterday,yesterday morning等 ,last week, last year, at the end of l
8、ast term,一段时间+ago如:ten years ago, five hours ago, on January 1st,2004, in the 1980s，just now,in the old days, long ago, a moment ago等.三、现在进行时:句子结构: . 肯定句 主语+be +动词的现在分词+其他 否定句 主语+be not+动词的现在分词+其他一般疑问句 Be +主语+动词的现在分词+其他标志词: now, look, listen, right now, at the moment, Its+几点钟等. Eg: Our teacher is wa
9、shing dishes now. 否定句: _一般疑问句 _四、过去进行时:句子结构: 肯定句 主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他否定句 主语+was/were not +动词的现在分词+其他一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语+ 动词的现在分词+其他标志词:具体时间+过去的时间状语 如:at ten oclock yesterday morning, at this time last Sunday等.Eg: Simon was making a model plane at 8:00 a.m last night.否定句: _一般疑问句 _五、现在完成时:句子结构:肯定句 主
10、语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他(第三人称单数用has)否定句 主语+have/has not+动词的过去分词+其他一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词+其他标志词: already, yet, just, ever, never ,so far, for +一段时间,since+过去的时间或过去时从句.或this year alone今年以来,these five years alone这五年以来,in the last ten years 在过去的十年中等.Eg: I have learned 1000 English words so far.否定句: _
11、一般疑问句 _六、过去完成时:句子结构: 肯定句 主语+had + 动词的过去分词+其他否定句 主语+had not +动词的过去分词+其他一般疑问句 Had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他标志词:by+过去某一时间点 如:by last year, by the end of+过去某一时间点 如:by the end of last year, before+过去某一时间点,by the time +从句,或宾语从句中. Eg: By nine oclock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.否定句: _一般疑问句 _七
12、、一般将来时: 句子结构: 1. 肯定句 主语+will+动词原型+其他否定句 主语+will not +动词原型+其他一般疑问句 Will +主语+动词原型+其他 (will 可改为be going to ,当主语是第一人称时will可用shall)标志词: tomorrow, tomorrow morning, at seven oclock tomorrow evening, next year,at ten oclock next Sunday, this year, at the end of this term, from now on, in the year 2008, soo
13、n, in a few days time, in the future 等. Eg ： Sally will come back in three hours.否定句: _一般疑问句 _八、过去将来时: （过去将来时主要用在宾语从句中）.句子结构: 肯定句 主语+ would+ 动词原型+其他否定句 主语+ would not + 动词原型+ 其他一般疑问句 Would+主语+动词原型+其他(would可改为was/were going to ,主语第一人称时would可用should)综合提高题一、完成时态归纳表格。时态结构(肯定句)时间标志一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成
14、时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时二、选择题( )1.“I dont like to travel. ”“Have you ever _ in an airplane?”A.flying B.flew C.flowed D.flown( )2. When did you go to work?” “As soon as they came, we _ to work.”A.went B.were going C.had gone D.go( )3. “Did you wait for him very long?” “Yes, I _ to bed until five in the morni
15、ng.”A.did go B.didnt go C.had gone D.went( )4. Mr Wu _ to work by bus every day.A.has been traveling B.has traveled C.travels D.is traveling( )5. Dont disturb him. He _ to the weather forecast.A.listens B.is being listened C.has listened D.is listening( )6.It _ every day so far this month. A.is rain
16、ing B.rains C.has rained D.has been rained( )7. No one can prove that the earth _ not round. A.is being B.is to be C.is D.has been( )8. “Have you gone to see the doctor?” “No, but _.” A. I go B.I am going to see C.I go to see D.Im going to( )9. This foreign scientist _ in our college for fifteen yea
17、rs and does not want to leave.A.worked B.is working C.works D.has been working( )10.I will tell him as soon as he _ backA. come B. comes C. will come D. came ( )11. _ your mother _ some cleaning on Sundays? A. Doesdoes B. Dodoes C. Doesdo D. Do do( )12._ a sports meet last Sunday ? Yes , they _.A. D
18、id they have did B. Did they have had C. Had they had D. Had they did ( )13._ your brother _ a letter to ? My father. A. Who wrote B. Whatwrote C. Who didwrite D. What did write( )14. They _ about the TV news then in the sitting-room. They often _ such talks A. talkedhad B. talkhave C. were talkingh
19、ad D. are talkinghave( )15. This time yesterday Jack _ his, bike. He _ TV.A. repaired didnt watch B. was repairing watched C. repaired watched D. was repairing wasnt watching ( )16.When they_ through the forest, a bear _ at them. A. walked was coming B. were walking came C. were talking comes D. wal
20、k is coming( )17. A young man _ her while she _ her work . A. watched was finishing B. was watching finished C. watched finished D. was watching was finishing( )18. While mother _ some washing, I _ a kite for Kack. A. did made B. was doing made C. was doing was making D. did was making( )19. I _ mys
21、elf French from 7 to 9 yesterday morning. I _ to work. A. was teaching didnt go B. taught didnt go C. was teaching went D. taught went( )20. There will be a football match in two days, that is _. A. last Sunday B. next Sunday C. every Sunday D. this Sunday( )21. The radio says it _ the day after tom
22、orrow.A. is going to snow B. is snowing C. will snow D. snows( )22. You _ me waiting for two hours. I _ for you since five.A. Keptwaited B. have keptwaited C. kepthave waited D. have kepthave waited( )23. By the time I _ back they _ up ten metres.A. camehave climbed B. camehad climbedC. comehave climbed D. had comeclimbed( )24. _ you ever _America ? Yes, I have.A. Have gone to B. Have gone in C. Have been to D. Have been in( )25. I _ myself French from 7 to 9 yesterday morning. I _ to work. A. was teaching didnt go B. taught didnt go C. was teaching went D. taught went
