1、 1.When we will start is not clear.2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief.3.My idea is that we should do it right now.4.I had no idea that you were her friend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句I 名词性从句的种类名词性从句的种类The news that our team has won the match is true.His delay is due to th
2、e fact that the car broke down halfway.同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句一般跟在名词同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,doubt,hope,law,k n o w l e d g e,o p i n i o n,suggestion information,plan,后面后面,用以说明或解释前面的名词的具用以说明或解释前面的名词的具体内容体内容.2.2.在在have no idea 之后常用之后常用wh-引导同位语从引导同位语从句句.I have no idea whe
3、re he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.注注:1.1.that 引导同位语从句与引导同位语从句与that 引导定语从引导定语从句的句的区别区别:引导同位语从句的引导同位语从句的that 无实际意义无实际意义,不作从句的任何成分不作从句的任何成分,而引导定语从句的而引导定语从句的that 从从句的某个成分句的某个成分.He told me the news that our team won the match.He told me the news that was very excitin
4、g.We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our school.We are interested in the news that he told us.1.The photographs will show you _（MET89）A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 规律一：名词性从句规律一
5、：名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语在句中要用陈述句语序序 在名词性从句中，在名词性从句中，关联关联词在从句之首词在从句之首，其它部分，其它部分应用应用_的语序的语序。陈述句陈述句2.He asked_for a violin.（MET92）A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid 规律二规律二：1.从句是从句是陈述句陈述句转化而来的，转化而来的，不缺不缺成分成分，不含有疑问意义不含有疑问意义。由。由that 引导且引导且that连连词在从句中不作成分词在从句中不作成分主语从句主语从句,
6、同谓语从句同谓语从句,表语从句表语从句that不可以省略不可以省略,在宾语从句中在宾语从句中that 常可省略常可省略That he will come and help us is certain.John said(that)he would attend the meeting.The trouble is that I have forgotten her name.2.从句是由从句是由一般疑问句一般疑问句转化而来，含有转化而来，含有疑疑问意义问意义,不缺成分不缺成分。由。由whether，if 引导引导.I worry about whether/if he can pass the
7、 exam.The question is whether it is worth doing.找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.2.It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.3.The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting.4.He asked me if I could go with him or not
8、.Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.It depends on whether the weather is.The question is whether he himself will be present.He asked me whether I could go with him or not.规律三规律三：whetherwhether和和ifif的区别的区别：主语从句只能用主语从句只能用whetherwhether表语从句中只能用表语从句中只能用whetherwhether宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时
9、用宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时用whetherwhether后面跟后面跟or(not)or(not)或或to doto do连用时用连用时用 whetherwhether3.从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的义的,缺成分缺成分的。由的。由wh-连词或连词或how引导在从句引导在从句中中作成分作成分。连接代词。连接代词what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，连接副词连接副词where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。Who will go
10、makes no difference.That is where he was born.Tell me what he said.特殊情况：特殊情况：1.1.在在seem,appear后的后的表语从句表语从句中可接中可接thatthat引引导的从句导的从句,而而looklook则不可则不可.2.2.这三个词后都可用这三个词后都可用as if/as though 引导从引导从句句.It seems/appears that he was late for the train yesterday.It seems/appears/looks as if we have to go home o
11、n foot.1._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A.What,what B.What,that C.That,that D.That,what 2.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.Awhile Bthat Cif Dfor 3.What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon Awhen Bhow Cwhether Dwhy4 made the sch
12、ool proud was more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.AWhatbecause BWhatthat CThatwhatDThatbecause找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2.That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.
13、3.Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time.4.It doesnt matter that you will come or not.ititthatwhether规律四规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助下可以借助“it”it”而后置而后置。1.主语从句可以用主语从句可以用it（作形式主语）（作形式主语）来替换来替换成以下几种结构表达。成以下几种结构表达。(A)It is clear/certain/likely/
14、true/adj.that It is certain that he will come to see me.(B)It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder/n.that.It is a shame that he didnt pass the exam.（C）It is said/reported/believed/known/thought/suggested that It is said that Brazil will win in the World Cup.（D）It seems/happens thatIt seems that he ha
15、s finished his homework.2.宾语从句可以用宾语从句可以用it（作形式宾语）（作形式宾语）来替换的句型为：来替换的句型为：主语谓语主语谓语itadj./n.从句从句如：如：I think it necessary that we have the meetingHe will believe whatever others say.（不能用（不能用no matter what代替代替whatever）Whatever others say,he will believe it.（可以用（可以用no matter what代替代替whatever）规律五规律五：whatev
16、er,whichever,whoever,whatever,whichever,whoever,whenever,wherever,however whenever,wherever,however 等与等与 no matter no matter what,no matter which,no matter who,no what,no matter which,no matter who,no matter when,no matter where,no matter matter when,no matter where,no matter how how 的区别的区别:前者既可以前者既
17、可以引导名词性从句引导名词性从句，也可以，也可以引导引导让步状语从句让步状语从句，而，而 no matter no matter 加疑问词加疑问词只能只能引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句。1.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 2._ much advice I gave him,he did exactly what he wanted to do.A.How B.Whatever C.However D.No matter
18、 3.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever填空填空:The reason _ we didnt trust him is _ he has often liedreason 后面的表语从句只能用后面的表语从句只能用that 引导引导,不能不能用用because 引导引导,但但reason后面的定语从句可后面的定语从句可以用以用why 或者或者that 引导。引导。whythat名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系名词
19、从句与定语从句的一些对应系：1.He has done what he can to help me.-He has done _ _ he can to help me.What I want to say has nothing to do with it.-_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it.all thatAll that 3.Whoever breaks the law is to be punished._ _ breaks the law is to be punished.4.He will give the dictiona
20、ry to whoever needs if most.He will give the dictionary to _ _ needs it most.5.Well remember whomever we turned to for help.Well remember _ _ we turned to for help.Anyone whoanyone whoanyone(whom)6.They will do whatever he wants them to do.They will do _ _he wants them to do.7.Ill read whichever boo
21、k you give me.Ill read _ of the books _ you give me.anything thatanythat1.The question is _ the film is worth seeing Aif Bwhat Cwhether Dhow 2.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Athat what BWhat that Cthat Dwhether 3.Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge,I cant remember
22、_.Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 4.Energy is _ makes things work AWhat Beverything Csomething Danything 5.The reason _ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed A.why;why B.why;because C.why;that D.that;because 6.He doesnt think the question _ they are men or women is important A.whether B.if C.which D.w
23、hy 7.I ask her _ come with me.if she will B.if will she C.whether will she D.will she 8._ he said is true.What B.That A.C.Which D.Whether 9.Can you tell me _?who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is who C.who that gentleman is D.whom is that gentleman 10.He didnt know which room _.they lived B.they
24、 lived in A.C.did they live D.did they live in 11.To get the job started,_ I need is some money.only what B.all what C.all that D.only that 12.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here.A.what B.how C.its D.that 13.Can you tell me _ the railway station?A.how I can get to B.what can I get
25、to C.where I can got to D.where can I get to 14.Do you know _?A.what is his name B.how is his name C.what his name is D.how his name is 15._ you have done might do harm to other people.That B.What C.Which D.This 16.They have no idea at all _.where he has gone B.where did he go C.which place has he g
26、one D.where has he gone 17.They want to know _ do to help us.what can they B.what they can C.how they can D.how can they 18.These photographs will show you _.what our village looks like B.what does our village look like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 19.Can you make su
27、re _ the gold ring?A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put 20._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That21.Go and get your coat.Its _ you left it.there B.where C.there where D.where there 22._ he
28、said at the meeting astonished everybody present.What B.That A.C.The fact D.The matter 23.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.wh
29、ichever 25.Do you remember _ he came?Yes,I do.He came by car.A.how B.when C.that D.if 26._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 27.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.however B.whatever A.C.whichever D.whenever 28._ you dont li
30、ke him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 29.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited 30._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What B.That C.How D.
31、Where 31.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella._ I got wet through.Its the reason B.Thats why A.C.Theres why D.Its how 32.It was a matter of _ would take the position.who B.whoever C.whom D.whomever 33._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever 34.
32、It was _ he said _ disappointed me.A.what;that B.that;that C.what;what D.that;what 35.Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _ comes in late.any;who B.every;whoever C.whichever;whoever D.either;whoever 1.误：误：I dont know if he comes back this month.2.误：误：I have no idea what had happened when I
33、was away.正：正：I dont know if he will come back this month.正：正：I have no idea what happened when I was away.3.误：误：The reason is because he is ill.4.误：误：Who leaves last turns off the light.正：正：The reason is that he is ill.正：正：Whoever leaves last turns off the light.找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4
34、.We suggested that we would go to the cinema.5.My idea is that we must do our homework first.6.His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable.We suggested that we(should)go to the cinema.My idea is that we(should)do our homework first.His proposal that we(should)go there on foot.规律五规律五：注意注意虚拟
35、语气在名词性从句虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用中的运用！(1)虚拟语气在虚拟语气在宾语从句宾语从句中的运用。中的运用。“wish+“wish+宾语从句宾语从句”表示不能实表示不能实现的愿望，译为现的愿望，译为“要是要是就好了就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用词用“would/could+would/could+动词原形动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用谓语动词用“had+had
36、+过去分词过去分词”或或“could(should)+have+could(should)+have+过过去分词去分词”。如：。如：I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish I had known the answer.I wish I could fly like a bird.在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语动词用等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语动词用
37、(should)+(should)+动词原形或是动词原形。如：动词原形或是动词原形。如：She suggested we(should)leave here at once.The doctor ordered she(should)be operated on.（2 2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用从句，从
38、句中的谓语动词用“（shouldshould）+动词原形动词原形”。如：。如：His suggestion that we(should)go to Beijing is wonderful.My idea is that they(should)pay 100 dollars.（3 3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should should+动词原形动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如此等。如：如：It is necessary(important,n
39、atural,strange,etc.)that we should clean the room every day.It was a pity(a shame,no wonder,etc.)that you should be so careless.It will be desired(suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，thatthat从从句也可用陈述句语气。如：句也可用陈述句语气。如：It is pity that you cant swim.
