(英语)英语定语从句模拟试题及解析.doc

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1、(英语)英语定语从句模拟试题及解析一、定语从句1I hate the dogslive in the next house. They make loud noises all nightAwhoBthatCwhatDwhom【答案】B【解析】句意:我讨厌住在隔壁的狗,他们整晚发出噪音。who 谁指人,在定语从句中作主语;that 那个指人或指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;what 什么不能引导定语从句,引导名词性从句;whom 谁指人,在定语从句中作宾语。根据先行词是the dogs,后面的定语从句缺少主语,故用代词that。故选B。2The girl handed everything _

2、 she had picked up in the street to the police.AwhichBin whichCthatDall【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:女孩把她在街上捡到的所有东西都交给了警察。考查定语从句。本句先行词everything是不定代词,应该用关系代词that引导此定语从句。故选C。3I will never forget the fire _ happened in Shanghai last year.AwhenBwhereCwhatDwhich【答案】D【解析】【分析】考点:考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析:句意:我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词

3、the fire是物,故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句;when先行词是时间;where先行词是地点;根据题意,故选D。4(江苏省淮安市2015年中考英语试)- What are you doing? -Im reading the book _you lent me last week.AwhatBwhoCwhenDthat【答案】D【解析】【分析】考点:考查关系代词。【详解】试题分析:句意:-你在做什么?-我正在读你上周借给我的书。what 什么,不引导定语从句;who谁,先行词是人;when什么时候,先行词是时间;that那个,先行词是人或物。根据句意可知,这里是一

4、个定语从句,修饰前面的名词the book,指物,故应选D。5What are you looking for?Im looking for the storybook you lent to me last week.AwhoBwhichCwhen【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意“-你正在找什么?-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。本题考查定语从句。A.who指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;B.which指物,在从句中作主语和宾语;C.when表示时间,在从句中作状语。本句话中,先行词为the storybook,指物,且在从句中作宾语,故选B。【点睛】做定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择

5、关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。6What kind of movies do you like? I prefer movies _give me something to think about.AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhen【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:你喜欢什么种类的电影?我更喜欢给我一些思考的东西的电影。A. which关系词,先行词是物;B. who关系词,先行词指人;C. what不能引导定语从句;D. when关系副词,在定语从句中做状语。先行词是movies指物,关系词用which。根据题意,故选A。7H

6、ave you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ?Yes. Its the best one I have ever seen.AthatBwhichCwhatDit【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:你看过流浪地球这部电影吗?这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。此句考查定语从句的关联词,that/which可以引导定语从句,what,it不能引导定语从句,首先排除C,D;先行词是不定代词one,前面被形容词的最高级best修饰,引导词只能用that不能用which,故答案为A.【点睛】引导定语从句的关系代词有:that(指人或物),which(指物),

7、who(指人)。指人时可用that或who,指物时可用that或which,但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种: 当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如:Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:That is one of the most interesting books that are sold i

8、n the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如:My necklace is not the only thing thats missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that,不用which或who。以避免重复。例如:Who is the girl that is wearing

9、a red coat?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁? )当先行词既有人又有物时,用that不用which。例如:The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。8My mother doesnt like stories _have sad endings.AthatBwhoCwhereDthose【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:我妈妈不喜欢有悲伤的结局的故事。根据句子结构可知这里考查定语从句的引导词,先排除D;先行词是stories,指物,

10、排除B;且定语从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词,排除C,故选:A。9Look!This is the photo I took in Beijing World Gardening Expo(世界园艺博览会)in 2019Wow,so great!AwhatBwhoCwhereDthat【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意:看!这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会拍的照片。考查定语从句的关系代词,what不用在定语从句中,who先行词为人,在从句中作主语或者宾语,where先行词为地点,在从句中作状语,that先行词为人或物,在从句中做主语或宾语,the photo为先行词,从句中缺宾语,句意理解为看!

11、这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会上拍的照片哇,很不错故选D。10Have you heard of the Huawei Company?Sure, its one of the _ companies _ make us Chinese proud.Agreat; whichBgreater; whichCgreatest; that【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:你听说过华为公司吗?当然,它是使我们中国人感到骄傲的最棒的公司之一。great伟大的;greater比较伟大的,是比较级;greatest最伟大的,形容词最高级;which关系代词,可以引导定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语

12、或宾语;that也是关系代词,先行词为人或物,引导定语从句,在从句中作主语或宾语。第一个空考查句型one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数,表示“最的之一”,故排除A和B,应选C。第二个空是that引导的定语从句,在从句中作主语。11Tom, where do you work?I work in a shop _ sells different kinds of vegetables.AwhichBwhoCwhereDwhat【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:Tom,你在哪里工作。我在一家卖各种蔬菜的商店工作。考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知,横线处及后面是定语从句,首先排除D选项,w

13、hat不能作关系词;空格处缺少主语,副词不能作主语,所以排除C 选项where;在定语从句中,关系代词取决于前面的先行词,先行词是人,关系代词用who或that;先行词如果是物,关系代词应用which或that;本句中根据先行词a shop是物,所以关系词用which,排除B选项;故答案选A。12Most students like the teachers understand them well.AwhichBwhoCwhereDwhen【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:绝大多数的学生都喜欢能够很好理解他们的老师。分析:考查定语从句的用法,先行词是the teacher,先行词在从句中作主

14、语,因此引导词用who.故选 B考点:考查定语从句的用法。13-Chris, the West Lake is so attractive!-Yeah, the West Lake is the most beautiful place_I have ever visited.AwhatBwhoCthat【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:克里斯,西湖太迷人了!是啊,西湖是我去过的最美丽的地方。此题考查定语从句。what不可作关系词,故排除A。关系代词who指人;关系代词that既可指人,也可指物。此句先行词place是物,故用关系代词that。故选C。14The We Chat is an in

15、vention can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feelings freely.AwhichBwhoCwhoseD/【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:微信是可以帮助人们和朋友自由地聊天,分享照片,想法和感觉。这是一个定语从句,先行词是物invention,关系词可以用which或者that,但是先行词在从句做主语,that不可以省略。故选A。考点:考查定语从句的用法。15(河南省2015年中考英语试题)Why dont you like fishing? Fishing is a hobby needs much

16、 patience, but Im not patient at all.AwhoBthatCitDwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你为什么不喜欢钓鱼?钓鱼的爱好需要很大的耐心,但我根本没有耐心。考查定语从句的用法。who谁;that那;it它;what什么。先行词a hobby是物,在定语从句中作主语, 可知用关系代词that或which引导此定语从句,结合选项可知选B。16- Have you ever seen the film The Shawshank Redemption?-Yes, and I think it is the best film teaches me a

17、lot.AthatBwhichCwhatD/【答案】A【解析】句意:你看过电影肖申克的救赎吗? 是的,我认为这是一部教我很多的最好的电影。首先分析句子结构,本句中的_ teaches me a lot在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词是film 指物,在定语从句中作主语,且先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰,因而只能用that来引导后面的定语从句,不能用which。故选A。17According to a survey, people _ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily

18、.AwhichBwhomCwhoseDwho【答案】D【解析】句意:根据一项调查,能说两种语言的人可以同时管理两件事。考查疑问词辨析。A. which哪一个,代物/人;B. whom谁,宾格,代人;C. whose谁的,代物主;D. who谁,主格,代人。本句是定语从句,people人/人们,在句中做主语,结合句意和语境,可知选D。18 The English-Chinese dictionary my father bought for me many years ago is still of great help.A whose B that C who D when【答案】B【解析】试

19、题分析:句意:多年前我爸爸为我买的英汉词典仍然有很大的帮助。先行词dictionary在定语从句中作宾语,可以用关系代词that代替,所以选B。考点:考查关系代词。19 The light in her room is still on. Do you know _? Maybe at midnight again.A if she is busy studyingB whats she doingC why does she stay up so lateD when she will stop working【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:她房间里的灯还亮着。你知道她什么时候停止工作吗?

20、可能又要到午夜。A. if she is busy studying.她是否在忙着学习;B. whats she doing她在做什么。宾语从句用陈述句语序,错;C. why does she stay up so late她为什么熬夜那么晚。宾语从句用陈述句语序,错;D. when she will stop working她什么时候停止工作。答语:Maybe at midnight again.可能又要到午夜。指的是时间,用when提问。故选D。考点:考查宾语从句。20Recently the second season of “A bite of China”(舌尖上的中国II) has

21、 become a hit. I think Chinese are those _ can cook the most delicious food. A what B who C whose D Which【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:我认为最近舌尖上的中国II已经变的很成功,我认为中国人是那些能做出最美味的食物的人们。这里是定语从句,先行词是those,指人的时候,关系词用who。结合语境,故选B。考点:考查定语从句的关系词。21- What do you think of him?- I hate people _ talk much but do little.AwhoBwhom

22、CwhichDwhose【答案】A【解析】本题修饰名词people是一个定语从句,先行词是人,关系词在从句中作主语,故关系词可用who,故本题选A。22I like the actors are very famous now.AwhichBwhoCwhy【答案】B【解析】句意:我喜欢那些现在非常出面的演员。先行词actors表示人,故用who引导定语从句,故选B。23Do you know the man_ gave out food a few days ago?AwhoBwhichCwhoseDwhether【答案】A【解析】句意:你认识那个几天前分发食物的男士吗?这里是定语从句。A.

23、who引导定语从句,先行词是指人的;在定语从句中做宾语或主语; B. which 引导定语从句,先行词是指物的;在定语从句中做宾语或主语; C. whose引导定语从句,先行词是指人或指物的; 在定语从句中做定语; D. whether是否。不能引导定语从句。The man先行词,是指人的,故选A。24Tommy couldnt stop thinking about the boy _ made him a fool in front of the whole class.AwhomBwhichCwho【答案】C【解析】句意:Tommy不禁想起了那个使他在全班面前出丑的那个男孩。此处的定语从

24、句,修饰先行词the boy,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,故用who,故选C。25Reading is a wonderful thing. It can take you to places _ you have never visited.AwhereBwhichCwhatDwho【答案】B【解析】句意:读书是一件好事,它能把你带到一个你从来没有参观过的地方。这里考查定语从句,先行词是places;定语从句中缺少句子的宾语,where在定语从句中作状语,故排除A;what不能引导定语从句;who引导定语从句的时,先行词是人的。Which在定语从句中可以作宾语或主语,先行词可以指的是地点的词

25、。故选B。26 I saw the dog along with a girl _was the only guide dog in our city.AwhoBwhichCwhomDWhat【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:我看见这个女孩和我们城市的唯一的一条导盲犬在一起。A.who谁;B. which 哪一个;C. Whom谁;D. What什么。本题考查定语从句的用法,由于先行词物。结合句意,故选B考点:考查定语从句。27 What kind of movies do you like? I like the movies _ are about Chinese history.Awho

26、BwhomCwhoseDthat【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意:你喜欢哪种类型的电影?我喜欢那些关于中国历史的电影。本题考查定语从句的引导词,指代movies在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词that或which,故选D。考点:考查定语从句的用法。28A graduation ceremony is a custom takes place students graduate from a school.Awhich; whenBthat; whoCwhich; whoseDthat; which【答案】A【解析】句意:毕业仪式就是当学生们从学校毕业时,举行的一个习惯仪式。结合语境可知前文先行词

27、custom为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故引导词用that或者which。下文从句内容为前文动作发生的逻辑时间状语,故引导词用when,当时候,选A。考点:英语从句29My favorite actor is Jackie Chan _is from China.AwhoBwhomCwhose【答案】A【解析】句意:我最喜欢的演员是成龙,他来自中国。who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语;whom也可以引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作宾语;whose的。根据句意可知,这个引导词指代的是Jackie Cheney,并在从句中作主语,故应选A。30There will be a stamp show in the museum _ we visited last week.AwhoBwhenCwhichDwhat【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:我们上周参观的博物馆将有一场邮票展览。关系代词的用法。who的先行词是人;when的先行词是时间名词,在从句中作状语;what不能引导定语从句, 此处先行词是museum,是事物,应该用关系代词which替代museum,在从句中作visit的宾语,故选C。

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