1、1Grammar名名 词词 性性 从从 句句2Complex sentence 复合句复合句：由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。的句子。连词连词连接两其中一个主谓结构是句连接两其中一个主谓结构是句子的子的主要部分（主句）主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上，另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分某个成分如如主语、主语、宾语、表语、宾语、表语、定语定语、状语、同位语）。、状语、同位语）。3 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性 从句（从句（Noun Clauses）.名词性从句的功能名词性从
2、句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，不同的语法功能，名名 词词 性性 从从 句又可分为句又可分为主语从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。句。名名 词词 性性 从从 句句4 名词性从句名词性从句 noun clause 主语从句主语从句subject clause 宾语从句宾语从句object clause 表语从句表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句同位语从句appositive clause5P
3、redicative Clauses 表语从句表语从句6表语从句的定义表语从句的定义The question is who will do it.复合句复合句The question is difficult.简单句简单句（表表）表语从句表语从句（表表）7表语从句的定义：表语从句的定义：在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。句。表语从句位于主句的系动词后。表语从句位于主句的系动词后。表语从句说明主语是什么或者怎么样表语从句说明主语是什么或者怎么样,对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内具体化。具体化。82.表语从句的构成表语从句的构成This
4、 is why he did it.主语主语 系动词系动词 表语从句表语从句 结构是结构是“主语主语+系动词系动词+表语从表语从句句”。9可以接表语从句的可以接表语从句的系动词系动词有：有：be，feel,seem,look,sound,taste,smell，appear，remain,keep,staybecome,get,grow,turn,go,prove,turn out 等。10连接词：连接词：that/whether/as if/as though连接代词：连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what 连接副词：连接副词：when/where/why/how/be
5、cause 111.The question is whether we can rely on him.2.Thats because we were in need of money at that time.3.He looked as if he was going to cry.4.Thats why I was late.12Predictive clause 表语从句1.that引导的表语从句1)that 在从句中仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在无实际意义，在句中不做任何成分，不能省略。句中不做任何成分，不能省略。2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,suggestion,re
6、quest,proposal 后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略vMy opinion is that its getting better and better.1)My suggesstion is that we(should)start early tomorrow.13vwhether在表语从句中表在表语从句中表 ,但不但不充当句子的成分。充当句子的成分。if 引导表语从引导表语从句句.如如:1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the se
7、rious disease soon.2.The question is whether it is worth doing.“是否是否”不能不能引导词的用法（二）引导词的用法（二）14what 在表语从句中充当在表语从句中充当_ 表示表示_.1.The question is what caused the accident.2.That mountain is no longer what it used to be.3.What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语什么，什么样子，或
8、所什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）的（人或事）引导词的用法（三）引导词的用法（三）15who 在表语从句中充当在表语从句中充当_表示表示_.vThe problem is who could do the work2.My trouble is who(whom)I can turn to.主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语谁谁引导词的用法（四）引导词的用法（四）16 which 在引导表语从句时在引导表语从句时,常充当常充当_ 表示表示 。如：。如：I read about it in some book or another,but what I dont know is which(boo
9、k)it is.定语定语,表语表语哪一个哪一个,哪一些哪一些引导词的用法（五）引导词的用法（五）17由由as if,as though引导表语从句，表引导表语从句，表示示好像好像。句子中的系动词常用。句子中的系动词常用be,look,appear,seem，sound等。等。It looks as if it was doing to rain.2.The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.引导词的用法（六）引导词的用法（六）18 当主句的当主句的主语为主语为reason,或者是或者是由由why引导的从句引导的从句时时,与它
10、们相关的表语从句与它们相关的表语从句用用_,而不能由而不能由_ 引导引导;because 引导表语从句时只能用于引导表语从句时只能用于_句型中句型中.1.The reason why I was late was that I missed the train.2.I was late.It/That/This was because I missed the train.that来引导来引导becauseIt/That/This is/was because引导词的用法（七）引导词的用法（七）19 当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备，但是还是要表示疑问含义，可
11、以判断句但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句子中子中缺少状语缺少状语，常常用相应的特殊疑问，常常用相应的特殊疑问词引导，有词引导，有why,when,where,how等等This is how he did it.That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet.Thats why weve given you the letter.引导词的用法（八）引导词的用法（八）20表语从句引导词注意事项表语从句引导词注意事项1.that引导表语从句时不能省引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句不能引导表语从句.3.除除that外的所有引导词都有自己外的
12、所有引导词都有自己的意义。的意义。4.除除that,whether外的所有引导外的所有引导词都须在词都须在从句中充当相应的成从句中充当相应的成分分 21名词主语名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句引起的表语从句主语名词常常是主语名词常常是表示事实，真理的名词，如：表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth 表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，如：如：idea,opinion,belief,view,news,advice,feeling,suggestion,plan,trouble,question,problem,1.The fact is that
13、our team has won the game.2.The truth is that she was the very person we are looking for.221.Thats _ the Party called on us to do.A.why B.what C.how D.that 2.The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.A.because B.why C.that D.Whether3.That is _ they separated.A.that B.what C.which D.where 4
14、.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago.A.what B.which C.that D.when 231.The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.that B.if C.when D.whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.because B.that C.for D.because of3.Go and get your coat.It s _you left it where B.there C.
15、there where D.where there244The problem is _to take the place of TedA.who can we get B.what we can getC.who we can get D.that we can get5.What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.that B.if C.whether D.不填6.The reason is_I missed the bus.A.that B.when C.why D.what2510.The problem is_ he
16、has enough time.A.if B.whether C./D.that 11.He made a promise_ he would help me.A.what B.when C.that D.which 12.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village.A.how B.when C.where D.what 13.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whereverBCB
17、B26从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.(重庆重庆2011)A.whose B.what C.which D.that272.His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express.(安徽安徽2011)A.that B.h
18、ow C.who D.what3.The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face.(北京北京2011)A.what B.how C.that D.why284.Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer,which is _ he never finishes anything.(山东山东2011)A.that B.when C.where D.why5.Weve offered her the job,but I dont know _ shell accept
19、it.(山东山东2011)A.where B.what C.whether D.which296.The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand.(上海上海2011)A.why B.that C.which D.what307.We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.(2010课标全国卷课标全国卷)A.that B.which C.what D
20、.where8.Before the sales start,I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season.(山东山东2010)A.why B.what C.how D.which319.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew _ she was so angry.(湖南湖南2010)A.where B.whether C.that D.why3210.How much one enjoys himself tra
21、velling depends largely on _ he goes with,whether his friends or relatives.(四川四川2010)A.what B.who C.how D.why3311.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel,David Copperfield,was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.(北京北京2010)A.what B.that C.why D.whether3412.I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats _ I dont agree.You should have a more active life.(江苏江苏2010)A.where B.how C.when D.what35
