1、Unit 4Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the starsWhat science subjects do you know?physics physics GeologyGeology地质学地质学 geographygeographyBiochemistryBiochemistry 生物化学生物化学 astronomyastronomyAstronomy is the scientific study of the universe and the heaven bodies(such as the sun,the moon,and stars),gas,
2、and dust within it.What is Astronomy?What is Astronomy?NGC7742星云星云 哈哈勃勃眼眼中中的的宇宇宙宙 eight planets many comets other objects 金星水星土星火星木星海王星天王星CometMy Very Earnest Mother Just Served UN a PizzaHow to remember the eight planets around the sun?EarthJupiterMarsMercuryNeptuneSaturnUranusVenusLets appreciate
3、some beautiful pictures of the solar system.Total lunar eclipse(月全食）月全食）Total solar eclipse(日全食日全食)Meteor rain（流星雨）（流星雨）Comet(彗星彗星)What interests you in astronomy?What interests you in astronomy?Do you know any questions that Do you know any questions that astronomers are interested in?astronomers a
4、re interested in?How did life begin on Earth?How did life begin on Earth?How was the universe formed?How was the universe formed?BrainstormingDo you know each religion or culture has its own ideas about the origin of the universe or life?Chinese Legends(传说传说)Pangu separates the sky from the earth.Hi
5、s whole body then turns into all kinds of things in the universe.The development of the lifebreathwinds and cloudsvoicethunderleft eyethe sunright eyethe moonbloodthe riversveinsthe roadsNuwa makes human beingsAccording to Bible(圣经圣经),God created the world and the first man,Adam(亚当亚当)and the first w
6、oman,Eve(夏娃夏娃).God created the world in seven days.Religious Beliefs Day 1:God spoke and separated light from darkness,creating Day and Night.Day 2:God spoke and separated the water creating sky and ocean.Day 3:God spoke and created dry land.Day 4:God spoke and created the sun,the moon and stars.Day
7、 5:God spoke and created living things in the air and sea.Day 6:God spoke and created the land animals and the first man.Day 7:God rested and called this day Holy.Scientific Theories Famous scientists such as Newton,Einstein and Stephen Hawking had their own theory about the origin of the universe.T
8、he universe began from the Big Bang.Life first began in the sea on the earth.Life was brought to the earth by ET from outer space.Life came from a comet which hit the earth.HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHHOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHReadingPart 1:The development of the earthPart 2:The development of life
9、Big BangGasNew starsDying starsremnants海洋里的细胞开始分裂海洋里的细胞开始分裂 登陆登陆爬行动物爬行动物恐龙恐龙Mammals人类的兴起人类的兴起SkimmingI.Read the passage carefully and match the main idea with each paragraph.Para.1 The formation(形成形成)of the earth.Para.2 The importance of water for life.Para.3 A widely accepted theory about the forma
10、tion of the universe.Para.4 The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth.Para.5 The development of plants and animals on the earth.Detailed ReadingStage 1:The development of the earth(1)After the Big Bang,what happened?a cloud of dust a violent solid ball(2)What did the water vapour and gases
11、 form?the earths atmosphereWater appeared which is important for the beginning of life on the earth.(3)What appeared on the earth then?(4)What did the water form?oceans and seas1.Big Bang(a huge explosion around 15 billion years ago)2.a cloud of energetic dust3.a ball moving around the sun4.exploded
12、 with fire and rock5.produce the water vapour,carbon dioxideHow did the earth come into being?6.cooled down7.water appeared8.harmful gases were dissolvedStage 2:The development of life in waterarrival of small plants in water(1)What life developed after water appeared?early shellfishall sorts of fis
13、h(2)What life developed in water next?green plants on land insects on land(3)What life developed after the life in water?amphibians on land and in the waterforestsStage 3:The development of life on land(1)What life developed next on land?reptiles on land dinosaurs on land(2)What life developed after
14、 forests appeared?mammals on land(3)What life developed after dinosaurs?small clever animals(4)What life developed after mammals?Looking and thinking Look at the following pictures and try to understand more of the reading passage.A cloud of dustA solid globe Explode atmosphere waterCells separatePl
15、ants in the waterEarly shellfish and fishPlants on landoxygenInsects and amphibiansReptiles Dinosaurs Mammals Man had evolved from apes.lowadvancedplantsanimals A few kindsmany kindswaterlandsimplecomplex 达尔文达尔文 进化论进化论Darwins theory of evolution The Origin of Species Something,somewhere went terribl
16、y wronglowadvancedlow1.When did the“Big Bang”happen?It happened several billion years ago.Comprehending、Read and answer the questions.2.What form was the earth after the“Big Bang”?The earth was still just a cloud of dust.3.What made up the earths atmosphere after the earth exploded?Carbon,nitrogen,w
17、ater vapour and other gases.4.How did water come into being on the earth?As the earth cooled down after it exploded,water came into being.5.Whats the significance of the presence of water on the earth?It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.6.What was import
18、ant to the development of fish?Oxygen.7.What made possible the rise of mammals on the earth?The disappearance of dinosaurs.8.Why are mammals different from all life forms in the past?They gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.II.Answer the following questions.1.Why was the
19、earth different from other planets?The water remained.2.Why did the plants grow before the animals came?Because plants provide oxygen for animals to breathe.3.Why is it wrong in films and stories to show dinosaurs and people together?Because dinosaurs died out long before human beings developed on t
20、he earth.4.There used to be nine planets in the solar system.Recently scientists have decided that one of them can no longer be considered a planet.Do you know the name of that planet?Do you know why they removed it?Pluto.Scientists now think it is too small to be called a planet.5.What problem is c
21、aused by human beings?They cause global warming.III.Fill in the blanks in the following form.TimeWhat happenedBig Bang _ began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.AtomsBetween 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago Dust settled into a solid and _ globe.The earth exploded to produce its _.The
22、 continued _ of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and _ into the oceans and seas.violentatmospherepresenceacidsMany millions of years later The first small plants on the surface of the water produced _.Early _ and all sorts of fish appeared.Green plants began to grow on land.Insects
23、and _ appeared.oxygenshellfishamphibiansMany millions of years later _ appeared and they laid eggs.Dinosaurs developed,laid eggs and _ for more than 140 million years.Mammals rose and _ babies.Reptilesexistedgave birth toAbout 2.6 million years ago Some small _ animals with hands and feet appeared a
24、nd spread all over the earth.NowHumans produce too much carbon _,making the earth too hot.cleverdioxideHow life began on the earth.“Big Bang”other bodies_ starsEarth:a cloud of _atomsdustSummary a solid _the earths _other _Water:_ to the development of lifewater vapour nitrogen carbonextremely small
25、 _ on the surface of the waterglobegasesatmospherefundamentalplantsearly _ and all sorts of fishgreen plants on landland animalsinsectsamphibians_huge animals(dinosaurs)the rise of _human beingsshellfishreptilesmammalsSpeaking What should we do for our earth?You can use the following words or phrases to help you:prevent from harmful global warming carbon dioxide in turn depend on as a result thus atmosphereWhat should we do for our earth?Lets take part in the activities to save the earth!
