1、2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group41The brief introduction of slang Group 4 倪文涵 俞丽红 朱凡迪 朱思君Introduce to English Slang2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group42l Definitionl History of SlanglMode of Composel the Characters,Types&Functions of Slangl References and Related Readingl Summaryl Current Situation and Pro
2、spectIntroduce to English Slang2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group43 Definition(1)LiteratureLinguistSociety Slang is quite a controversial language,people have different attitude toward it.It is no wonder that the definition of slang is so various.However,the slang terms have their own characters,and,of
3、course,the definitions of it are more or less described in the same way.definition2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group44nThe literal definition of slang Definition(2)u Oxford Linguistic Dictionary（2000）:Slang used especially of vocabulary specific.for example,to a particular generation of younger speakers
4、;also as in ordinary usage,specific to a group or a professional usage(e.g.army slang),to colloquial style,etc”.u Concise Oxford English Dictionary(1985):Slang is usually used as colloquial words and phrase.It cannot be regarded as Standard-English,thus this shows that,slang is Nonstandard-English.2
5、023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group45n Linguists definition of slangu“the body of words and expression frequently used by or intelligible to a rather large portion of the general public,but not accepted as good;formal usage by the majority”(Eleanor Flexner,1975:3).u“slang is used to denote the frequently
6、vivid or playful lexical usage typical of casual discourse,usually indicating membership in a particular social group”.(Quirk et al,1985:7)Definition(3)2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group46n Social definition of slanguslang can be regarded as words and phrases or particular meanings of words in common in
7、formal use,but generally it is not seen as standard in a language that used by specified expression or class.It is natural to refer it as the words that are commonly used,and can be understood by all people.Definition(4)2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group47n Nexus with idiomu柯林斯英语大词典:slang n.vocabulary,i
8、diom,etc,that is not appropriate to the standard form of a language or to formal contexts,may be restricted as to social status or distribution.uThat is to say:slang contains idiom.Definition(5)2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group48n Nexus with colloquial expressions uSlang and colloquial expressions come
9、 in different forms:single words,compound words,simple phrases,idioms,and complete sentences.Nonetheless,expressions that can be called slang or colloquial make up a major part of American communication in movies,television,radio,newspaper,magazines and informal conversations.Definition(6)2023-6-4浙江
10、外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group49History of slang(1)TIMESOURCEFEATUREEXAMPLE15th、16th Cent1.jargons of Britain criminals 2.subgroups speechappeared initially Pussy：refer to women in general17th Cent1.invasion of Spainish,French,Dutches,ect 2.Mayflower brought Britain slangs to America 1.Bittern by the Tavern B
11、itch:Drunk2.God be with you:goodbyehttp:/www.fromoldbooks.org/NathanBailey-CantingDictionary/A/(2012/11/28)Chart 12023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group410History of Slang(2)TIMESOURCEFEATUREEXAMPLEMid-18th Cent jobless hooligans hookers homosexuals underworld different industries1.below standard 2.Restrict
12、ed language 1.cool:capital2.UR the best:you are a swell gent19th Centlowerclassabundanted and developedMid-1960sblack slangs rock,blues,rap sportssimplified humanized1970s revolution in computer technology,college,gambler police change quickly dapted by most people1.ABC 2.Gandhi Chart 22023-6-4浙江外国语
13、学院11级商务英语2班 group411Mode of composeMODEEXAMPLEstandard vocabulary chin:chat,talk rap:sound,blame,talkacronymVIP:very important personcoming from abroad honcho(Japnese):bossconversion of part of speech ace:n.adj top personexcellenthttp:/www.defence.pk/forums/members-club/87663-common-college-slangs.h
14、tml (2012/11/29)2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group412 Vividness e.g.fly boy(male pilot)bird woman(female pilot)Conciseness prof professor VIP a very important person Humor to wolf down,to eat like a hog to make a pig of oneself variability groovefar out cool babysitter，fire，bossn The Characteristics of
15、English Slang The Characters,Types&Functions of Slang(1)胡家英.美国俚语的基本特征及其社会功能A.学术交流，2003：第8期2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group413 1)Euphemistic Slang 2)Slang of Different Places 3)Slang of Different Ages 4)Professional Slang 5)General Slang 6)Gay Slang 7)Internet Slangn Types of slangThe Characters,Types&
16、Functions of Slang(2)胡家英.美国俚语的基本特征及其社会功能A.学术交流，2003：第8期2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group4141)to kick the bucket,to turn in,to peg out2)New York:Big Apple London:Do you Adam and Eve me?Do you have your Auntie Ella with You?3)Our teacher is really pat(beautiful)and her class is the bomb (great)4)Give me
17、a cold pig in a green tea,and put shoes on them(Give me a ham sandwich with lettuce,on toast and pack it)5)killer=awesome e.g.That was a killer movie!6)Miss Thing=drag queen,or a very girly boy7)Because=cuz forever=4 eva got to go=g2gn ExamplesThe Characters,Types&Functions of Slang(3)2023-6-4浙江外国语学
18、院11级商务英语2班 group415 To identify the speakers status To strengthen the relationship of members in one group Reflect the speakers level of education and culture quality Reflect the attitude of the Americans for the social reality Provoke the Vigor of Language Overcome the communicational barrierThe Ch
19、aracters,Types&Functions of Slang(4)n Social functions赵彦芳.英语俚语的社会功能探析J.安徽技术师范学院学报，2003：第1期2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group416 5)dont let the cat out of the bag (dont reveal the secret)face lace (wrinkles)she is the killer (she is so beautiful)his jokes killed me (his jokes is very funny)have face as l
20、ong as a fiddle (unhappy)1)brutal很棒的 flunk sb.给某人打不及格的分数fender-bender一件小事 apple polish 拍马屁,奉承2)police slang,student slang,black slang,military slang,slang in entertainment industry,slang in IT industry3)rap sheet 犯罪记录 fool around 不务正业4)1950s beatniks 1960s flower-children late 1960s hippies and yupp
21、ies Slang6)couch potato The Characters,Types&Functions of Slang(5)n Examples2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group417The Characters,Types&Functions of Slang(6)n Semantic function 1.metaphor dish:sexy and attractive girl I Was thinking this was going to be my favorite dish.2.euphemism（委婉）（委婉）to be in the fam
22、ily way:pregnant 3.exaggeration a smoker eater:fireman 4.metonymy(借代）借代）wheels:car Those who can not afford wheels must Hitch ride.(买不起汽车的人得搭便车)贺琴琴.浅谈美国俚语J.职业圈,2007:第8期2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group418 American slangs current situation The status of modern American slang Modern American slangs influ
23、ence on English American slangs prospect Current Situation and Prospect(1)Slangs prospect 2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group419n The changes of American slangs status1828s Webster Dictionary definition of slang is to write“a low,vulgar,lack of expressive language At that time,slangs status is very low,o
24、nly has small numbers used by limited people.1963 Modern English Dictionary definition of slang is explained that“slang is generally used for conversation,but not for the words collaboration or formal occasions,especially the usage of a class”.as time goes by,fewer and fewer components in derogatory
25、 slang.Visible for the majority of scholars who once rejected the original slang language status is no longer vulgar,is no longer just a synonym for jargon and cannot,and even the upper class is no longer rejected by the general public in the form of the language.Current Situation and Prospect(2)202
26、3-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group420Today,slangs status has been greatly improved,it is hard to find a clear distinction boundary between the slang and non-slang,some of them even entered the standard language.The media,politics,business,entertainment and other social groups are using extensive slang,it s
27、hows that todays the status of slang language is very higher than before.n The status of modern American slang Current Situation and Prospect (3)2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group421Current Situation and Prospect (4)n Modern American slangs influence on English some people think that slang is“trendy”to
28、promote the development of English some argue that the slang“spoil”the English language For Modern American slang s influence on English,people has mixed views,different people have different views.some people think that slang is“trendy”to promote the development of English some people think that sl
29、ang is“trendy”to promote the development of English some people think that slang is“trendy”to promote the development of English 2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group422Current Situation and Prospect (5)n Modern American slangs influence on English Modern English Language and Culture has been on the U.S.in
30、fluence on the English language made a special statement:“how to evaluate American English whether the American people see different or completely different.Language,after all,it is difficult to perfect,flawless white jade;it is always pure not pure,there are both correct and error,and always have b
31、een,and lack of blame.Now,the whole world is watching American television and movies.American slang is full of almost all U.S.films and television works,many with English as their first language of the countries want to maintain their properties have been impossible.In Australia,Britain,Canada and o
32、ther countries,the children are wearing American clothes,saying black slang which is only said by the black African-American before.This phenomenon is very common in the world.2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group423n American slangs prospect 1960,Dictionary of American Slang which editor by Venter Walsh a
33、nd Fletcher Jackson is include 15,000 words of slang,according to their estimates,which the Americans common used is more than 2000 words.until 1961,only about 500 words in Ma Lian Websters“The International”,we can be seen that in this year,there are so many slang that has become the standard langu
34、age,evolved so fast.Current situation and prospect(6)2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group424The development of modern American slang trend is clear,concise,precisely.Because of its popularity,the meaning of slang euphemism is weakening in the constant,universal,ever-increasing gradually and become an indi
35、spensable part of popular language.with social progress and openness,we believe that modern American Slang has a strong vitality and bright future.n American slangs prospect Current situation and prospect(7)2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group425References and Related Reading1.简明英汉俚语和口语词典M.山东：山东科技出版社.1985
36、2.贺琴琴.浅谈美国俚语J.职业圈，2007:第8期3.陆国强.人类的语言M.上海：上海外语出版社.19834.吴叔尉.英语俚语的历时演变与共时发展研究A.琼州大学学报,2006：第6期第13卷 5.杨鑫南.当代英语的变迁M.北京.：北京外语教学与研究出版社.19866.胡家英.美国俚语的基本特征及其社会功能A.学术交流，2003：第8期7.赵彦芳.英语俚语的社会功能探析J.安徽技术师范学院学报，2003：第1期8.张琦.IT时代新新美语M.北京.：外语教育与研究出版社.20029.http:/www.fromoldbooks.org/NathanBailey-CantingDictionar
37、y/A/(2012/11/28)10.http:/www.defence.pk/forums/members-club/87663-common-college-slangs.html (2012/11/29)2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group426 British VS American slang slang2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group427Summary In the more self-conscious atmosphere of cultural and linguistic relativism，slang is more
38、 acceptable in many situations，Slang will certainly retain a role in the inevitable cultural disagreement among them.The study of slang always promises new horizons and fresh fields to be explored.2023-6-4浙江外国语学院11级商务英语2班 group428THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!ANY COMMENTS ARE WELCOME!THAT IS ALL OUR PRESENTATION
