1、人教版高中英语必修五词汇表（含教材例句及词汇用法讲人教版高中英语必修五词汇表（含教材例句及词汇用法讲 解）解） Book5 Unit 1 1. characteristic /krkt'rstk/ n.C 特征；特性；特色 Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passe d from parents to their children？(P1) 谁用豌豆展示了人体特征是怎样由父母遗传给孩子的？ 2.radium /'redm/ n. 镭 Who discovered radium? (P1)
2、谁发现了镭？ 3.painter/'pent/ n.C 画家；油漆匠 3.painter/'pent/ n.C 画家；油漆匠 Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people? (P1) 哪位画家研究尸体来提高人体绘画技能？ 4.put forward 提出 Who put forward a theory about black holes? (P1) 谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？ 5.scientific /san'tfk/ adj. 科学的 Do you kno
3、w how to prove a new idea in scientific research?(P1) 你知道怎样证实一个新的科学研究理念吗？ 6. conclude /kn'klud/ vt. 疗法 vt. 治愈；治疗 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.P2 人们既不了解它的病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。 17.outbreak /atbrek/ n. 爆发；发作（尤指疾病或战争） So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbr
4、eak.(P2)所 以每次霍乱爆发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。 18.challenge /tlnd/ n. C; U挑战(性) vt. 向挑战 John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.(P2)约翰斯诺想 面对挑战，解决这个问题。 19.victim/vktm/ n. C受害者 A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.(P2)一股危险气体 在空中到处飘浮，直到找到它的受害者为止。 20.absorb /bs:b/ v
5、t. 吸收；吸引；使专心 The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.(P2)第二种看法是人们在吃饭时把这种病毒吸入体内的。 21. suspect /sspekt/ vt. 怀疑/sspekt/ n. C被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.(P2)约翰斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。 22. enquiry/n
6、'kwar/ n. C询问 So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry.(P2) 因此在 1854 年伦敦再次爆发霍乱时，他就着手对此进行调研。 23.neighbourhood /nebhd/ n. U附近；邻近 C街区；城区 As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information.(P2)当疾病在贫民区迅速蔓延时，约翰斯诺开始收集信息。 24.se
7、vere /sv/adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的 In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.(P2) 特别在两条街上霍乱爆发的非常严重，十天之内就有 500 多人死亡。 25clue /klu:/n. C线索；提示 This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.(P2) 这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。 26.pump/pmp/ n. C泵；抽
8、水机 Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.(P2) 许多死者都住在宽街的水泵附近。 27. foresee /f:si:/ vt. (foresaw; foreseen)预见；预知 He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations.(P2) 他未预料到这种情况，于是他进行了进一步调查。 28.investigate /nvestget / vt. 投稿 40. apart from 除之外；此外(=besides/except for) Ap
9、art from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases.(P4) 除了上面提到的结构，你们也已经学习了下面的短语。 41. firework /'fawk/ n. C 烟火；（pl.）烟火燃放 What did you see at the fireworks display?(P5) 你在烟花表演会上看到了些什么？ 42. chart /tt/ n. C图表 fill in the chart below.(P6) 填下面的表格。 43.creative /kri&#
10、39;etv/ adj. 有创造力的；创造性的；独创的 44.co-operative /k'prtv/ adj. 合作的 45. positive /pztv/ adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的 46.（be）strict with 对严格的 47.revolutionary /rev'lunr/ adj. 革命的；重大变革的（常用于名词前） n.C革命者 48.movement /'muvmnt/ n. U; C 移动；动作 C运动 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other
11、planets in the sky make sense.(P7) 只有把太阳放在那儿，天空中其它行星的移动才讲得通。 49. make sense 讲得通；有意义 50. backward /'bkwd/ adv. 向后地；相反地；退步地 adj. 向后的；相反的 The problem arose because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop.(P7)问题出现了。因 为宇航员注意到天空中
12、有一些行星好像停滞不前，向后移动，然后又呈环状向前 移动。 51.loop /lup/ n. 圈；环 52.privately /'pravtli/ adv. 私下地；秘密地 In 1514 he showed it privately to his friends.(P7) 1514 年，他把他的新理论私下里给他的朋友们看。 53.spin /spn/ vi. spun;spinning） (使)旋转；纺（线或纱） He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round the sun and this expla
13、ined changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars.(P7)他还提出地球在围绕太阳转的同时，它本身还自转，这样就说明了行星 运动的变化情况以及星球的亮度问题。 54.brightness /'bratns/ n. 明亮；亮度；聪颖 55. enthusiastic /n,juz'stk/ adj. 热情的；热心的 His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas.(P7) 他的朋友 们
14、非常热心，鼓励他公开发表他的观点。 56.cautious /'ks/ adj. 小心的；谨慎的 But Copernicus was cautious.(P7) 但是哥白尼非常谨慎。 57.reject /r'dekt/ vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃 The Christian Church rejected his theory. P7 基督教会不接受他的理论。 58.universe /'junvs/ n. 宇宙；世界 Yet Copernicucs theoryis now the basis on which all our ideas of the unive
15、rse are built. P7 然而哥白尼的理论是我们现在关于宇宙的理论的构建基础。 Book5 Unit 2 1.unite /ju'nat/ vi. clarified; clarifying) 澄清；阐明 You can clarify this question if you study British history.(P9) 如果你研究英国历史，你就能阐明这个问题。 7. accomplish /'kmpl/ vt. 完成；达到；实现 Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James o
16、f Scotland became King of England and Walesas well.(P10) 8. conflict /knflkt / n. C; U矛盾；冲突 9. unwilling /n'wl/ adj. 不愿意（的）；不乐意（的）(反义词 willing) However,the southern part of Irelandwas unwilling and broke away to form its own government. (P10)然而，爱尔兰的南部却不愿意组建联合王国，它分离出去，并 组建了自己的政府。 10. break away (
17、from) 挣脱（束缚）；脱离 11. union /'junjn/ n. U 联合；结合 C; U联盟 U协会 the Union Jack 英国国旗 So only Northern Ireland joined with England,Wales and Scotlandto become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.(P10) 因此只有北爱尔兰、威尔士和苏格兰联合起来组成了联合王国，这一点从新的联
18、 合王国国旗上就可以看得出来。 12.credit /'kredt/ n. U 信任 C学分；赞扬；U信贷 to onescredit 为带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在名下 To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, thecurrency and international relations) (P10) 值得赞扬的是，这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作，例如在货币和国际关系方 面。 13.currency /'krns/ n. C;U货币；通货 14. institution /nst
19、'tjun/ n. C 制度；机制；公共机构 but they still have very different institutions. (P10) 但是有些制度确实区别很大。 15. educational /ed'kenl/ adj. 教育的 For example,Northern Ireland,England andScotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like t
20、he World Cup!(P10) 例如，北爱尔兰、英格兰和苏格兰在教育体制和立法制度上都存在着差 异。在参加像世界杯之类的比赛时，他们有着各自的球队。 16. convenience /kn'vinns/ n. U 便利；方便 Englandis the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.(P10)在这四个国家当中，英格兰是最大的。为了方便起见，它大 致可以划分为三个地区。 for convenience 为了方便起见 17.
21、 rough /rf/ adj. 粗糙的；粗暴的 18. nationwide /nen'wad/ adj. 全国性的；全国范围的 Although,nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two!(P10)尽管， 英国任何 一个城市都不像中国的城市那么大，但他们都有着自己享有威名的足球队，有的 城市甚至有两个队。 19. attract /'trkt/ v
22、t. 吸引；引起注意 It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.(P10)遗憾的是，这些建于十九世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。 20.historical /h'strkl/ adj. 历史（上）的；有关历史的 For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans.(P10)要找历史性建筑，你的去更古老的，比较
23、小一些的由罗马人建造的 城镇。 21. architecture /:ktekt / n. U 建筑学；建筑艺术 22. collection /k'lek()n/ n. C收藏品；珍藏 C; U收集 The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings.(P10)最具有历史意义的宝地是伦敦。那里有博物馆、 艺术珍品、剧院、公园和各类建筑物。 23. administration /dmnstren/n. U管理
24、 C行政部门 It is the centre of national government and its administration.(P10) 它是全国的政治中心。 24. port /pt/ n. C 港口（城市） It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD. (P10)它有公元一世 纪由罗马人建造的最古老的港口。 25. countryside /'kntrsad/ n. 乡下；农村 If you look around the British countryside yo
25、u will find evidence of all these invaders.(P10)如果你到英国乡间去看看，就会发现这些入侵者的痕迹。 26. enjoyable /n'dbl/ adj. 令人愉快的；使人高兴的 You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile.(P10) 如果想使你的英国之旅不虚此行又有意义，你就必须留心观察。 27. leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑 Which country
26、 is left out?(P11) 那个国家漏掉了？ 28. opportunity /ptju:nt/ n.C 机会；时机 Why are you unwilling to accept this wonderful opportunity?(P12) 你为什么不愿意接受这次难得的机会呢？ 29. description /dskrpn/ n. C;U 描写；描述 Haveyou read the description carefully?(P12) 你认真读过介绍了吗？ 30. fax /fks/ n. U传真 C 传真机 vt. 用传真传输（文件） 31. possibility /
27、psblt/ n.C; U 可能（性） Your task will be to examine the possibility of constructing a new factory in the United Kingdom.(P12) 你的任务是调查在英国建新厂的可能性。 32. plus /pls/ prep. 加上；和 England,Scotland Wales plus Northern Ireland.(P12) 英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和北爱尔兰。 33.quarrel /kwrl/ n. C 争吵；争论；吵架 vi. 争吵；吵架 Do these differences
28、cause conflicts or quarrels?(P12) 是这些差异导致了矛盾或争论吗？ 34.alike /lak/ adj. 相同的；类似的 The countries are alike in wanting their own systems to continue.(P12)在想让他们 国家的制度继续存在方面，这些国家都是相同的。 35.take the place of 代替 All of the words below can take the place of said.(P12) 下面所有的单词都可以代替 said. 36. break down (机器)损坏；破坏
29、；失败；分解 37. arrange /rend/ vt. 筹备；安排；整理 They had no time to arrange their own wedding.(P13) 他们没有时间筹备自己的婚礼。 38. wedding /wed/ n. *C+ 婚礼 39. fold /fld/ vt. 折叠；对折 (反义词 unfold) The first person in each group writes a sentence and folds the paper over his/ her writing.(P13) 每组的第一个人写一个句子并把纸折叠起来。 40. sights
30、eeing /satsi:/ n. U观光；游览 SIGHTSEENGIN LONDON (P14) 伦敦观光记 41. delight /dlat/ n. U 快乐； 高兴； 喜悦C令人高兴的事； 乐事； 乐趣 vt. 使 高兴；使欣喜 Her first delight was going to the Tower.(P14) 她最先想参观的地方是伦敦塔。 42. royal /rl/ adj. 王室的；皇家的；高贵的 It remained part of a royal palace and prison combined. (P14) 但它仍然是王宫和监狱联合体的一个组成部分。 43
31、.uniform /ju:nf:m/ n. C; U 制服 To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queens jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who ,on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I. (P14)让张萍玉非常吃惊的是， 她发现女王 的珠宝由皇家特别卫士守护着， 而这些卫士在一些特殊的日子仍然穿着四百年前 伊丽莎白一世女王时代
32、的制服。 43. splendid /splendd/ adj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的 It looked splendid when first built!(P14) 刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！ 44. statue /sttu:/ n. C 塑像；雕像 It contained status in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare.( P14) 里面珍藏着一些已故诗人和作家的雕像，例如莎士比亚的雕像。 45. longitude /ldtju:d/ n. U经线；经度 What interested h
33、er most was the longitude line.(P14) 最令她感兴趣的是那条通过天文台的经线。 46. imaginary /m dnri/adj. 想象中的；假想的；虚构的 It is an imaginary line diving the eastern and western halves of the world and is very useful for navigation. (P14) 这是一条假象的线，它把世界分成东西两个半球，从而有利于航海。 47. navigation /nvgen/ n. U 导航；航行 48. communism /kmjunzm
34、/ n. U 共产主义 It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. (P14)这似乎是一件怪事;这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦 敦生活过，并在那儿去世。 49. original /rdnl/ adj. 最初的；原始的；独创的；新颖的 Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building and the old reading room was gone
35、. (P14)遗憾的是，这个图书馆已经从原来的地方搬到另一 座大楼里去了，而原来的阅览室也没有了。 50.thrill /rl/ vt. 使激动；使胆战心惊 n.C兴奋；激动；令人兴奋的经历 But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. (P14)但是她感到最为震惊的却是博物馆里展出的那么 多来自不同文化的奇妙宝物。 51. pot /pt/ n. C 罐；壶 When she saw many visitors enjoying look
36、ing at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country. (P14)当她看到那么多游 客欣赏展出的古老漂亮的中国的陶器和其它物品的时候， 她心中充满了对祖国的 自豪感。 52. error /er/ n. C; U错误；过失；谬误 Swap with your partner and check for any errors. (P16) 与你的搭档交换检查一下，看有没有任何错误。 I think you have made an error in c
37、alculating the total. 我想你在计算总数时出了差错。 53. tense /tens/ n. C 时态 Make sure that tenses are consistent. (P16) 确保时态一致。 54.consistent /knsstnt/ adj. 一致的 Book5 Unit 3 1. aspect /spekt/ n. C 方面；层面 Below are some of the main aspects of life today.(P17) 下面是现在生活的一些主要方面。 2. impression /mpren/ n. C印象；感想；印记 She g
38、ives the impression of being very busy. 她给人的印象是特别忙。 3. take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续；占据（时间/空间） I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.(P17)我现在仍 然无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。 4. constant /knstnt/adj. 时常发生的；连续不断的 constantly /knstntli/adv. 不断地 I have to remind myself constantly that I
39、am really in AD 3008.(P17) 我必须不断地提醒自己实际上是在公元 3008 年。 5. jet /det/ n. C 喷气式飞机 jet lag 飞行时差反应 This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying.( P17) 这就与你坐飞机时会产生时差反应相似。 6. flashback /flb k/ n. 闪回；倒叙 but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.(P17)不过 不同的是，在你的脑子里会不断地闪现以前
40、的时光。 7. previous /pri:vis/ adj. 在前的；早先的 8. uncertain /ns:tn/adj. 不确切的；无把握的（反义词 certain） So I was very nervous and uncertain at first. (P18) 所以，一开始我感到紧张不安，心神不宁。 9. guide /gad/ n. C向导；导游；指南 vt. 指引；指导 However,my friend and guide, Wang Ping, was very understanding and gave me some green tablets which he
41、lped a lot.(P18)但是，我的朋友兼导游王平很细心体 贴，给了我几粒绿色的药片，倒是挺管用的。 10. tablet /tblt/ n. C 药片 11. expertise /eksp:ti:z/ n. U 专家意见；专门知识（技能等） Well-known for their expertise, his parents' company, called “Future Tours“, transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.(P18) 他父母的公司叫“未来之旅”，以技术高超而闻名。他们
42、把我装在一个时 间舱里，安全地送到了未来。 12. capsule /kpsju:l/ n. C 太空舱；胶囊 13. steward /stju:d/ n. C 乘务员；服务员 stewardess /stju:des/ n. C 女乘务员 I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule and we climbed in through a small opening. (P18)我仍然记得我们被太空服 务员一起叫到时间舱，爬上去进入一个小门。 14.
43、opening /pn/ n. C （出入的）通路；开口；开端 15. sideways /sadwez/ adv. 往（向、从）一侧；侧着；侧面朝前 The capsule began swinging gently sideways as we lay relaxed and dreaming.(P18) 时 间舱在轻轻左右摇晃，我们放松地躺在那里进入了梦乡。 15. surrounding /srand/n. (多用复数)周围的事物；环境 adj. 周围的 At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. ( P18) 一开
44、始新的环境让我很难忍受。 16. tolerate /tlret/ vt. 容忍；忍受 17. combination /kmbnen/ n. U 结合；组合C 结合体；联合体；混合 体 The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.(P18)空 气好像很稀薄，好像在它的混合气体中只有很少的氧气剩下。 18. lack /l k/ n. U 缺乏；短缺的东西 vi. U 调整；调节 Just as I tried to make the necessary
45、 adjustment to this new situation, Wang Ping appeared.(P18) 正当我想努力调整适应新环境时，王平出现了。 20. mask /m:sk/ n. C 面具；面罩；vt.伪装掩饰; 戴面具 “Put on this mask,“ he advised.“It'll make you feel much better.“ (P18)把这个面罩 戴上，它会使你感觉好得多。 21.be back on ones feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原 SoonI was back on my feet again and following
46、him to collect a hovering carriagedriven by computer. (P18)没过多久，我就恢复过来，跟着他去领取了一辆 由电脑驱动的气垫船。 22. hover /hv(r)/vi. 盘旋 23.carriage /krd/ n. C 运输工具；四轮马车；客车 24. press /pres/ vi. U 沙漠；荒原 vt. /dz:t/抛弃，离弃 40. enormous /n:ms/ adj. 巨大的；庞大的 Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space t
47、o imitate the pull of the earths gravity. (P22)太空站像一个巨大的圆盘， 在太空中缓缓旋转， 以仿照出 地球中心的引力。 41.imitate /mtet/ vt. 模仿；仿造 42.moveable /'mu:vbl/ adj. 可移动的；活动的 A guide showed us around along a moveable path.(P22) 有个导游带着我们站在一条移动的运送带上到处参观。 43. citizen /stzn/ n. C 公民；居民；市民 First were going to examine one
48、 of the latest forms of communication among our space citizens.(P22)首先，我们要查看一种我们太空居民使用的最新的通讯工具。 44. typist /tapst/ n. C 打字员 typewriter /taprat/ n. C 打字机 No more typists working on a typewriter or computer!(P22) 再也不需要打字员在打字机或电脑上打字了！ 45.postage/pstd/ n. U 邮资 postcode /pstkd/ n. C 邮政编码 No more postage or postcodes! 再也不需要邮费和邮政编码了！ 46. button /btn/ n. C 钮锃；按钮 You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button, think your message and the next instant it s sent. (P22)你把金属带放在头上， 整理 思路，按下发送键，集中精神想着你想要发送的信息，片刻功夫信息就发送出去 了。 47. instant /
