1、可参考语言材料 Have you read yet?Yes,I have./No,I havent.Has he/she read yet?Yes,he/she has.No,he/she hasnt.Have you read these books?the water parkthe zoothe amusement park可参考语言材料 A:Have you ever been to?B:Yes,I have./No,I havent.A:Ive been to many times.B:Me,too.toy bearDo you have at home?How long have
2、you had the?I have had for years./since years ago.old bookscap一、现在完成时的结构:一、现在完成时的结构:动词的过去分词的变化规则(一)规则变化(一)规则变化:(助动词)(助动词)have/has+动词的动词的过去分词过去分词1.一般在动词词尾直接加一般在动词词尾直接加ed。2.以不发音的以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加结尾的动词后面加d。如:如:like liked liked;phone phoned phoned如:如:pick picked picked;wish wished wished;study studied stud
3、ied;hurry hurried hurried;3.以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变结尾的动词,变y为为i,再加再加-ed。如:。如:4.词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词,要双写辅音字母,再加词,要双写辅音字母,再加-ed。如:。如:stop stopped stopped;plan planned planned不规则变化:不规则变化:1.AAA式,式,如:如:let let let cut cut cut put put put cost cost cost2.ABB式,式,如:如:feel felt felt keep kept kep
4、t 3.ABA式式如:如:4.ABC式式如:如:be was/were beenswim swam swumdrink drank drunkcome came comebeat beat beaten式式如:如:Write the forms of the past tense and past participle:be _ _ see _ _ read _ _ leave _ _ come _ _was/were been saw seenread readleft leftcame come .“完成法完成法”(基本用法)(基本用法):表示:表示过去发生过去发生或已经完成的或已经完成的
5、某一动作某一动作对现在对现在造成的造成的影响影响或结果。或结果。标志词标志词:already、never、ever、just、yet、before、twice,so far等等。.“未完成法未完成法”:表示动作或状态:表示动作或状态从过去已经开始从过去已经开始,持持续到现在续到现在并有可能并有可能延续到将来延续到将来。标志词标志词:for一段时间;一段时间;since过去时间状语或过去时间状语或一般过去时一般过去时的句子。的句子。二、二、现在完成时现在完成时的用法:的用法:三、现在完成时的各种句式:三、现在完成时的各种句式:.陈述句:陈述句:.否定句:否定句:3.一般疑问句:一般疑问句:4.特
6、殊疑问句:特殊疑问句:主语主语 have/has+过去分词其它成分。过去分词其它成分。主语主语have/has+not+过去分词其它成分。过去分词其它成分。Have/Has+主语主语过去分词其它成分?过去分词其它成分?Yes,主语主语 have/has.No,主语主语havent/hasn t.特殊疑问词特殊疑问词have/has主语主语+过去分词过去分词+其它成分?其它成分?四、四、中考考点解读:中考考点解读:考点一:考查基本用法考点一:考查基本用法 例如:例如:His parents look very sad.Maybe they _whats happened to him.knew
7、.have known .must know .will know简析:简析:现在完成时主要现在完成时主要强调过去发生强调过去发生的动作对现在造的动作对现在造成的影响,成的影响,重点在于对现在的影响重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大,。这种考查难度较大,往往无时间状语,需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上往往无时间状语,需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理,正确答案是两侧根据上下文分析、推理,正确答案是。考点二:考查时间状语考点二:考查时间状语()()例例1.Have you met Mr Li _?.before .ago .just.a moment ago()例()例
8、2.Our country has changed a lot _.Yes.I hope it will be even _.so far;well .before;good.so far;better .before;better()例()例3.Zhao Lan has already studied in this school_.two years .since two years.for two years .two years ago()例()例4.We have known Xiao Li_ she was a little girl.for .while .since .when
9、()例()例5.Harry Potter is a very nice film.I have seen it_.two .twice.second.a second A现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类:现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类:现在完成时常与(已经现在完成时常与(已经),(刚刚,正好)(刚刚,正好),(曾经)(曾经),(从来,也不;从不)(从来,也不;从不),(以前(以前),(仍然)(仍然)等连用。等连用。(2)现在完成时时常与现在完成时时常与“+时间段或时间段或 +过去时间点过去时间点”连用连用(或(或+过去时过去时从句)。从句)。(3)现在完成时还与(一次)现在完成时还与(一次)
10、,(两次)(两次),(三次(三次)等表示重复次数的词语连用。等表示重复次数的词语连用。(4)现在完成时常与现在完成时常与recently(近来),(近来),so far(到目前为止),(到目前为止),in the past/“last+一段时间一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间,句中的动作是从过去某一示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间,句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。alreadyjusteverneverbeforeyetforsinceoncetwicethree times考点
11、三:考查与一般过去时的区别考点三:考查与一般过去时的区别 例例1.These farmers have been to the United States.Really?When _ there?.will they go .did they go .do they go .have they gone 例例2._ you _ your homework yet?Yes.I _ it a moment ago.Did;do;finished B.Have;done ;finished.Have;done;have finished .will;do;finish 简析:简析:现在完成时与一般过
12、去时容易混淆,就是因为它们所表示的现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆,就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去,但二者又有区别:一般过去时表示过去某个动作都发生在过去,但二者又有区别:一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作,说话的侧重点在时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作,说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情,与现在没有关系;现在完成时表示与现于陈述一件过去的事情,与现在没有关系;现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示过去的时间状语(如在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday,last week,a moment agoy
13、esterday,last week,a moment ago等)连用。故例、等)连用。故例、的正确答案皆为的正确答案皆为B B。BB 现在完成时中,现在完成时中,非延续性动词非延续性动词不能不能与与forfor和和sincesince引导的表示引导的表示一段时间的状语一段时间的状语连用,非延续性连用,非延续性动词与一段时间连用时可采用下列方法:动词与一段时间连用时可采用下列方法:考点四:考点四:考查非延续性动词的用法考查非延续性动词的用法将非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的方法将非延续性动词转换为延续性动词的方法1)直接用延续性动词直接用延续性动词buy put on-catch(get)a c
14、old borrow come/go/become 2)转换成转换成be+名词名词join the Party havewearhave a coldkeepbebe a party member3)转换成转换成be+形容词或副词形容词或副词 die finish begin leave fall asleep close 4)转换成转换成 be+介词短语介词短语 go to school be in school join the army be in the armybe deadbe overbe onbe away(from)be asleepbe closed非延续性动词的用法中考真
15、题非延续性动词的用法中考真题 1.His father _ the Party since 1978.joined .has joined .was in .has been in2.Hurry up!The play _ for ten minutes.has begun .had begun .has been on .began 3.How long have you _ here?About two months.been .gone .come .arrivedDCA非延续性动词的用法中考真题非延续性动词的用法中考真题 4.His uncle died two years ago.(
16、同义句)(同义句)His uncle has _ _ for two years.5.Her mother has been a Party member for three years.(同义句)(同义句)Her mother _ the Party three years _.been deadjoinedago()()()()()()()()a.I have bought a new dictionary for a week.b.I have had a new dictionary for a week.我买一本新词典已有一星期了。我买一本新词典已有一星期了。b.They have
17、come here for two days.a.They have been here for two days.他们来这儿已经两天了。他们来这儿已经两天了。a.He has joined the Party for two years.b.He has been a Party member for two years.他已入党两年了。他已入党两年了。a.The man has been dead for several years.b.The man has died for several years.这个人已经死了几年了。这个人已经死了几年了。考点五:考查词组考点五:考查词组have
18、/has been in/to与与have/has gone to的区别的区别 例例1.Miss Green isnt in the office.She_ to the library.has gone .went .will go .has been 例例2.My parents _ Shandong for ten years.have been in .have been to .have gone to .have been 简析:简析:“have/has gone to+have/has gone to+地点地点”表示表示“某人去了某地某人去了某地(还未回来)(还未回来)”,指主语
19、所指的人不在这儿。,指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has have/has been in+been in+地点地点”表示表示“在某地呆了多长时间在某地呆了多长时间”,常与表示时,常与表示时间的状语连用。间的状语连用。“have/has been tohave/has been to +地点地点”表示表示“曾经去曾经去过某地(但现在已不在那儿)。过某地(但现在已不在那儿)。”故例故例1 1、2 2的正确答案皆为的正确答案皆为A A。AA()1.Jim has made some friends since he _to China.A.comes B.came C.has come D.
20、will come()()()()()()用所给词的适当形式填空1.She _ _(finish)her homework already.2._ you ever_(see)my pen?3.Jims father _(live)in London for 20 years.4.-_ you_(be)to France?-Yes,I _(go)there last year.5.They _ _(have)the building since three years ago.6.-_Mr Green _(write)the novel?-Not yet.hasfinishedHave seenhas livedHavebeenwenthavehadHaswritten二、二、现在完成时的用法现在完成时的用法 一、一、现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构三、三、现在完成时的各种句式现在完成时的各种句式四、四、中考考点解读中考考点解读 课后提升课后提升 1、必做作业:巩固本节所复习的语法内容,把错题整理在错题本上。2、你对现在完成时态还有什么疑惑?_