1、单词注释难句剖析导读诱思 全球变暖引起北极冰雪融化,这一变化给北极熊赖以生存的家园带来了极大的威胁。北极熊通常在冰原上养育幼崽,而随着冰的融化,它们待在陆地上的时间被迫加长,吃不到冰面上可以捕捉到的海豹,从而只能以当地猎人捕捉的鲸的残余物为食这严重影响了它们的生存及繁殖。单词注释难句剖析导读诱思Due to climate changes,Arctic ice is breaking up earlier in the spring,and its area is decreasing.This is creating problems for polar bears that make th
2、eir homes off northern Alaska and in Hudson Bay.单词注释难句剖析导读诱思Polar bears off Alaska normally hunt and raise their young on ice sheets that float on the ocean.But as the ice has melted,the polar bears have been forced to spend more time on land.There,they have begun to frequent beaches,feeding on the
3、remains of whales caught by native hunters.For polar bears,this food is less nutritious than seals that they normally catch on ice sheets.The shrinking ice has also forced more polar bears into the ocean.In the past,they only had to swim short distances between ice sheets.But as the ice has shrunk,p
4、olar bears have been forced to swim longer and longer distances in the open ocean.This poses a severe danger during rough weather,and an increasing number of drowned polar bears have been observed.单词注释难句剖析导读诱思In Hudson Bay,the ice breaks up three weeks earlier in the spring now than it did 20 years
5、ago.Polar bears in Hudson Bay fast during the summer,waiting for ice to form in the fall to hunt.Every year,the summer gets longer,and the bears get skinnier.Over the past 25 years,the average weight of the female bears has dropped 68 kg.This loss affects their ability to reproduce,and already the n
6、umber of births has dropped by 15 percent.Unless the bears can learn to survive these climate changes,these giants of the ice may one day disappear.单词注释难句剖析导读诱思frequent/frIkwent/vt.频繁地去remains/rImeInz/n.剩余物nutritious/njtrIs/adj.有营养的pose/pz/vt.造成;形成fast/fst/vi.绝食skinny/skInI/adj.极瘦的;皮包骨的(skinnier为ski
7、nny的比较级)单词注释难句剖析导读诱思 This poses a severe danger during rough weather,and an increasing number of drowned polar bears have been observed.译文:这在天气恶劣的时候造成严重的危险,被发现的溺水的北极熊越来越多。剖析:这是一个由and连接的并列句。第二分句的主语为polar bears,谓语动词是have been observed(现在完成时的被动语态)。单词注释难句剖析导读诱思1.What is the main idea of the passage?答案:T
8、he negative effects of climate changes on polar bears.2.What does the writer imply about female polar bears in Hudson Bay?答案:They are having fewer young now.一二三四五六七一、请看下面的图片,回答问题 What can you learn from the above four pictures?答案:The earth is becoming warmer and warmer.一二三四五六七二、下面哪些现象有可能造成全球变暖 答案:B,
9、C,D 一二三四五六七三、将下列单词或短语与对应的释义搭配起来ABe abouta.amount2.go upb.to happen3.be opposed toc.to say;to illustrate4.quantityd.to rise5.statee.to cause;to lead to6.tendf.to object to7.result ing.to take a particular direction8.randomh.lacking any definite plan or order or purpose9.subscribei.to pay money regula
10、rly to support a charity答案:1.b2.d3.f4.a5.c6.g7.e8.h9.i一二三四五六七四、短语填空e 发生;造成 2.subscribe 同意;赞成;订购 3.quantities 大量的 4.go 上升;增长;升起 5.result 导致 6.be opposed 反对 7.build 累积 8.even 即使 9.keep 继续 about to of up in to up if/though on 一二三四五六七五、阅读THE EARTH IS BECOMING WARMERBUT DOES IT MATTER?,将各个段落与其段意搭配起来Para.
11、1A.the cause of the earths becoming warmerPara.2B.the consequence of burning fossil fuelsPara.3C.the increase of carbon dioxidePara.4D.global warming will go onPara.5E.puzzles about global warmingPara.6F.different attitudes to global warmingPara.7G.an introduction to the passage答案:Para.1GPara.2APara
12、.3BPara.4CPara.5DPara.6FPara.7E一二三四五六七六、阅读THE EARTH IS BECOMING WARMERBUT DOES IT MATTER?,完成下列各题1.How much did the temperature rise in the 1900s?A.One degree Fahrenheit.B.One Celsius.C.Two degrees.D.Thirty degrees Celsius.答案:A一二三四五六七2.What causes the temperature of the earth to increase?A.Planting t
13、rees.B.Wasting the farmland.C.Running out of the river water.D.Burning fossil fuels.答案:D3.Who accurately measured the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997?A.Dr Janice Foster.B.Fahrenheit.C.Charles Keeling.D.George Hambley.答案:C一二三四五六七4.George Hambley believes that more carbon
14、dioxide is actually.A.a bad thingB.a dangerous thingC.a comparative thingD.a positive thing答案:D5.What is the main idea of this passage?A.Global warming.B.Flood phenomenon.C.Making methane.D.Making greenhouses.答案:A一二三四五六七七、根据课文内容填空All scientists subscribe to the view 1.it is human activity that has c
15、aused global warming.The huge quantities of carbon dioxide produced by burning fuels like coal,natural gas and oil resulted 2.the“greenhouse effect”.All scientists also agree that the level of carbon dioxide 3.(keep)on increasing,so more heat energy tends to 4.(trap)in the atmosphere.But the scienti
16、sts have different attitudes 5.this phenomenon.6.the one hand,some think the trend of increasing the temperature by 5 degrees would be a catastrophe.that in keeps be trapped towards/to On 一二三四五六七 On the other hand,others 7.(oppose)to this view and believe that there will be few bad environmental con
17、sequences 8.(cause)by more carbon dioxide.On the contrary,they think 9.will be beneficial to plants,crops and a greater range of animals,10.will make peoples life better.are opposed caused it Which 1234678951.So how has this come about and does it matter?那么,这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢?会产生什么影响呢?考点come about发生;造成I
18、f the driver had not got drunk,the accident wouldnt have come about.如果司机没有喝醉,这起交通事故就不会发生了。As a result of carelessness,the house collapse came about last spring.去年春天,这座房子因(人们的)疏忽大意而倒塌。123467895辨析come about,happen,occur和take place:1)come about强调“偶然发生”,也指差别、争论的产生。2)happen指“偶然发生”,常用于sth.happen(s)(to sb.
19、)结构;也有“碰巧是;恰好是”的意思,用于it happens that.或sb./sth.happen(s)to be/do sth.结构中。3)occur既可以指“偶然发生”,也可指“计划发生某事”;occur 还表示“突然想到”,常用于it occurs to sb.that.结构。4)take place指“按计划/安排发生”。123467895How did this come about?这是怎么发生的?I dont know what has happened to him.我不知道他发生了什么事。I hope this wont occur again.我希望不要再发生这种事情
20、。The concert takes place next Thursday.这场音乐会于下周四举行。123467895选词填空:come about,happen,occur1)The accident to the girl who to be a foreigner,so it is hard to deal with.2)Marys father wonders how it that she was 2 hours late on such a short trip.3)It never to her to ask anyone.汉译英4)在智利(Chile)曾发生过一次大地震。ha
21、ppened happens came about occurred A great earthquake once came about in Chile.活学活用 1234678952.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1)and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问,地球正在变暖(见表一),而地球变暖正是人类活动导致的
22、,并非是一种无规律的自然现象。剖析There is no doubt that.“毫无疑问”,that引导一个同位语从句,说明doubt的内容。There is no doubt that he will succeed.毫无疑问他肯定会成功。123467895考点random adj.胡乱的;任意的Because he was not listening,he made a random answer to the teachers question.由于他没在听讲,对于老师的问题他胡乱给了一个答案。the random killing of innocent people对无辜者的任意杀戮
23、1234678951)阅读下列句子,体会doubt的句式与含义There is no doubt about his innocence.他的清白是毫无疑问的。句式:There is no doubt about sth.含义:关于毋庸置疑。There is(some)doubt whether hell succeed.他是否会成功还有(些)疑问。句式:There is(some)doubt whether.含义:关于还有疑问。2)阅读下面的句子,体会random的搭配与含义He took a flower at random,put down$5 and walked out of the
24、 shop straight away.他随手取了一枝花,放下5美元,立刻走出了商店。搭配:at random含义:随意地;随便地123467895语法填空1)Some researchers believe that there is no doubt a cure for AIDS will be found.2)Hes made many great movies.There is no doubt it.3)There is doubt this type of car will be popular.完成句子4)The phenomenon that the pupils(乱扔废纸)
25、in the park should be paid attention to.5)(不要随便说话),and keep silent at the meeting.that about whether throw waste paper at random Dont speak at random 活学活用 1234678953.All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal,natur
26、al gas and oil to produce energy.所有的科学家都赞同这种观点:人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料,如煤、天然气和石油等,从而引起了地球温度的升高。剖析that引导一个同位语从句,解释view的内容。123467895考点 subscribe vi.同意;捐赠;订阅vt.签署(文件);捐助He didnt subscribe to our proposal.他不同意我们的建议。They havent subscribed to newspapers yet.他们还没有订阅报纸。The manager subscribed his name to the documen
27、t.经理在这份文件上签了字。The three countries have subscribed a great deal of money to the country.这三个国家已经向该国捐献了大量的钱。123467895阅读下列句子,体会subscribe的搭配与含义1)At the meeting,all the members subscribed to the plan to build a power plant in their hometown.在会上,所有的成员都赞成在他们的家乡建造一座发电厂的计划。搭配:subscribe to含义:同意2)In order to im
28、prove his daughters English,he subscribed to English Weekly.为了提高女儿的英语水平,他订购了英语周报。搭配:subscribe to含义:订阅123467895完成句子1)Word has come(那位歌手要来演出)in our city.2)The young man has(订阅)Readers Digest for three years.that the singer will give a performance subscribed to 单句改错3)The manager subscribe to the plan t
29、hat all the goods would be sold at half the price.答案:subscribesubscribed 活学活用 1234678954.The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.当我们在大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时,问题就来了。考点quantity n.量;数量This product is cheap to be produced in large quantities.这种产品大批量生产会很便宜。1234
30、678951)a quantity of 大量的(修饰可数名词或不可数名词)Our government spent a large quantity of money on stopping pollution.我们的政府花了大量的钱来制止污染。2)a large/small quantity of修饰不可数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数;quantities of修饰不可数名词做主语时,谓语动词用复数。There is a small quantity of water left in the bottle.瓶子里还剩下少量的水。Quantities of food were on the
31、table.桌子上摆了大量食物。3)相关词:quality n.质量I prefer quality to quantity.我重视质量胜过数量。123467895用所给词的适当形式填空1)With more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth(wash)away by the rain each year.2)A large quantity of energy from the sun(be)being taken with modern equipment.3)Why does the lake smell terr
32、ible?Because large quantities of water(pollute).are(being)washed is have been polluted 活学活用 1234678955.It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.这意味着更多的热能将被困在大气层中,从而引起全球气温上升。考点一It means that.这意味着It means that pets cannot enter.这意味着宠物
33、不得入内。123467895考点二tend vi.趋向;易于;照顾vt.照顾;护理【高考典句】(2015浙江高考)In a society that tends to measure everything in terms of dollars and cents,we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our decisions in financial terms.在这个以金钱来衡量一切的社会,我们从很小的时候就学会了从经济的角度去考虑我们所做出的决定的成本。People under stress tend to express
34、 their full range of potential.处于压力下的人们容易发挥出全部的潜力。Ambulance crew were tending to the injured.救护车上的救护人员在照顾受伤者。A shepherd tended the sheep from being attacked by wolves.牧羊人照顾羊群,使它们免遭狼的袭击。123467895阅读下列句子,体会tend的搭配与含义1)We do tend to help you.我们确实倾向于帮你。搭配:tend to do sth.含义:倾向于做某事2)Modern furniture tends
35、to/towards simplicity.现代家具有简单化的趋向。搭配:tend to/towards sth.含义:有趋向123467895考点三go up 上升;增长;升起The price of food is going up.食物的价格正在上涨。Unemployment in the United States has gone up.美国的失业人数增长了。The curtain goes up on a suburban living room.幕布升起,展现的是一座市郊住宅的客厅。1234678951)同义词:riseThe sun rises.Lets go.太阳升起来了,我
36、们走吧。Air pollution has risen above the accepted level.空气污染已经超标。2)反义词:go down下降The plane went down in flames.All the passengers died in the accident.飞机起火坠落。所有乘客都遇难了。123467895语法填空1)Do you think that the temperature of the earth will keep(go)up in the years to come?Sorry,I have no idea.2)With the nurse(
37、tend)her carefully,she will recover from the operation soon.going tending 活学活用 123467895词语替换3)She is likely to become angry when others disagree with her.4)The story means that honest people are easy to be cheated.5)New buildings are rising everywhere with the villagers becoming richer.tends to get
38、angry tend to going up 1234678956.It was a scientist called Charles Keeling,who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.一位名叫查尔斯基林的科学家曾经把19571997年期间大气层中二氧化碳的含量做了精确的统计。剖析called Charles Keeling为过去分词短语,做a scientist的后置定语;It was.who.为强调结构,其中who可换为that
39、。It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot.正是亨利梭罗向人们展示了步行的好处。123467895活学活用汉译英1)就数吉姆聪明。2)他们要去的是西班牙而不是葡萄牙。答案:Its Jim who/that is the clever one.答案:Its Spain that theyre going to,not Portugal.1234678957.They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels tha
40、t has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还赞同下述观点:正是由于越来越多的燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。剖析 it is the burning.that has resulted in.是一个强调句。考点result in导致The talks resulted in reducing the number of missiles.谈判导致了导弹数量的削减。1234678951)阅读下列句子,体会result的搭配与含义This traffic accident resulted from drunk driving.这次交
41、通事故是由酒驾引起的。搭配:result from含义:因而发生,由造成As a result,he had to leave his homeland.结果,他不得不离开他的祖国。搭配:as a result含义:因此,结果She was late as a result of snow.她由于下雪而来迟了。搭配:as a result of含义:因为1234678952)result in的同义词组:lead to,bring aboutHis carelessness led to the failure of his exam.他的粗心大意使得他考试没通过。Drinking had b
42、rought about his death.喝酒导致了他的死亡。123467895选词填空:result in,result from,as a result,as a result of1)They say large crowds of tourists will traffic jams.2)The deadly car accident his careless driving.3)The farm was flooded.,half of the harvest was lost.4)He became physically disabled the mine disaster.r
43、esult in resulted from As a result as a result of 活学活用 1234678958.On the other hand,there are those,like George Hambley,who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.另一方面,还有一些人,像科学家乔治汉布利,反对上面的观点,他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。剖析who引导一个非限制性定
44、语从句,修饰those。123467895考点oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量Many citizens opposed the building of the luxury houses in the centre of the city.许多市民反对在市中心建造豪华住宅。The king couldnt bear anyone to oppose him.国王不能忍受任何人反抗他。He will oppose a young man at the conference.他将在会上与一个年轻人较量。123467895阅读下列句子,体会黑体单词的词性、搭配与含义(1)The te
45、ams efforts to score were frustrated by the opposing goalkeeper.该队想要进球的努力被对方的守门员挫败了。词性 形容词含义 反对的,对立的(2)Many old men are opposed to cutting down the 100-year-old tree for rebuilding the shopping centre.许多老人反对为重建这座购物中心而砍掉这棵百年老树。词性 形容词搭配 be opposed to含义 反对,其中to是介词。123467895语法填空1)Lets make good use of e
46、nergy and be opposed to(waste)natural resources.汉译英2)她好像很反对你出国。3)计划中的新化工厂受到村民的强烈反对。wasting She seems very much opposed to your going abroad.The planned new chemistry factory has been strongly opposed by the villagers.活学活用 1234678959.In fact,Hambley states,“More carbon dioxide is actually a positive
47、thing.It will make plants grow quicker;crops will produce more;it will encourage a greater range of animalsall of which will make life for human beings better.”汉布利实际上是这样说的:“二氧化碳含量的增加实际上是件好事。它使植物生长更快,庄稼产量更高,还会促进动物的生长所有这些都能改善人类的生活。”考点一state vt.陈述;说明The President stated that the relationships between t
48、he two countries were developing steadily.总统称两国关系正在稳步发展。Please state whether you are married or single.请说明你是已婚还是单身。1234678951)It is/was stated that.据称It was stated that they would continue to work there until the flood went away.据称洪水退下去之前他们将一直在那里工作。2)state做名词时有“状态”的含义,表示“处于的状态”时常用in a.state结构。Mother
49、 is in a poor state of health.妈妈健康状况不好。123467895考点二range n.种类;范围【高考典句】(2016全国高考卷).it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence,such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.发现这种传统苹果(品种)仍然存在,如罗马人曾经种植的Decio苹果,真是让人大开眼界。【高考典句】(2015天津高考)Although her description soun
50、ded wonderful,the price was beyond our range,so we declined.虽然她对房屋的描述听起来很棒,但是房屋的价格远远超出我们的承受范围,因此我们谢绝了。123467895阅读下列句子,体会range的词性、搭配与含义1)The boys ages range from 15 to 18.男孩们的年龄在15岁至18岁之间。词性:动词搭配:range from.to.含义:从到(不等)2)The temperature ranges between 0 and 30.气温在零度到三十度之间变化。词性:动词搭配:range between.and.
