1、The Direct Object and The Direct Object and Indirect ObjectIndirect ObjectUnit 4 GrammarUnit 4 Grammar第一页，共48页。Objectives1.明确明确(mngqu)宾语的概念；宾语的概念；2.分清直接宾语与间接宾语；分清直接宾语与间接宾语；3.明确明确(mngqu)能作宾语的成能作宾语的成分。分。第二页，共48页。Many ancient civilisations saw the value of bringing back plants from distant lands.Just b
2、efore he died,he sent some Tree of Heaven seeds to England.He and his team collected examples whenever they went onto dry land.第三页，共48页。All the plants survived the six-month journey.He sent the seeds back to France in 1897 but only one seed grew.Wilson and other plant collectors introduced many new
3、plants to Western gardens.We call the red words The Objects.第四页，共48页。宾语是及物动词后的一宾语是及物动词后的一个个(y)成分，表示动作成分，表示动作的对象、承受者或结果。的对象、承受者或结果。The object(宾语(bny)第五页，共48页。Are you giving up _(smoke)?You probably cant resist the _(tempt)of a cigarette.smokingtemptation第六页，共48页。We should help _(poor).the poor第七页，共48
4、页。How many brothers do you have?I have _.four第八页，共48页。I want _ and frighten _.to make a faceyou第九页，共48页。Are you nervous?Do you mind _(taste)a spider?tasting第十页，共48页。You are so busy!I wonder how you canmanage _(phone)two at the same time.to phone第十一页，共48页。taking care of I love plants and I love _(tak
5、e care of)plants.第十二页，共48页。I think _ it is the smallest baby in the world.that第十三页，共48页。What a sea of people!I cant find _you are.where第十四页，共48页。How unbelievable!I wonder _ they live together in peace.why第十五页，共48页。I wonder _ invited you here.who第十六页，共48页。noun noun phrase verb numeral adjectiveclause
6、conjunction gerund pronoun infinitive the+adjectiveWhat can be used as object?第十七页，共48页。Position of the object1.One objectThe object is mainly put behind the verb.subject predicate object is the usual order,but sometimes it has a free position.For example:第十八页，共48页。The object can be put in the begin
7、ning of a sentence to emphasize it.e.g.What dull,old-fashioned leather shoes hes wearing!Talent,Mike has;patience,he has not.第十九页，共48页。The object is preposed for a better combination.e.g.His carelessness had led him into great error.That error he determined to correct.Jack fried two small pieces of
8、fish.One he fed to his cat,the other he ate himself.第二十页，共48页。The object has two different positions behind verb phrases.e.g.He tried out the machine./He tried the machine out.Ill put on the radio in a minute./Ill put the radio on in a minute.第二十一页，共48页。If the noun phrase is a little bit long,the fi
9、rst position is often used.e.g.She tried on half a dozen pairs of shoes before she found a suitable one.If the object is a pronoun,the second order must be used.eg:The bed is too strong,and you cant break it up.第二十二页，共48页。2.Two objects 通常通常(tngchng)为为“间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾直接宾语语”He doesnt own me anything.She
10、asked me whether I had been there before.I warned you he would be late.Give me it./Give it to me.They told us where to shop cheaply.第二十三页，共48页。间接宾语间接宾语(bny)后移后移,间接宾语间接宾语(bny)用用to或或for引出引出:They give it to John.He sold his old car to one of his neighbours.I have bought some chocolate for you.Give the
11、dictionary to me,please.第二十四页，共48页。用用to侧重指动作的方向侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着表示朝着,向着向着,对着某人对着某人(mu rn)。用用for侧重指动作的受益者侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某表示为了某人人(mu rn),替某人替某人(mu rn)。常跟双宾语的动词分类总结：常跟双宾语的动词分类总结：第二十五页，共48页。需借助需借助(jizh)to的的:bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,read,return,send,show,teach,tell,ask,leave,mail,throw,take
12、,write等。等。需借助需借助(jizh)for的的:build,buy,call,change,cook,choose,do,draw,envy,fetch,find,forgive,gain,get,make,order,play(演奏演奏),sing,save,spare,win等。等。第二十六页，共48页。e.g.1 Our teacher explains to us the difficult points in the unit.2 We disclosed to them the secret of our invention.3 They expressed to thei
13、r teacher their conviction that the experiment was true.4 The guide is describing the scenic spots to the tourists.第二十七页，共48页。e.g.He played me a trick.He played a trick on me.Wont you play some folk songs for us?Some verbs have to be used as set phraseswhen followed by two objects.第二十八页，共48页。有时为了形成对
14、照或是有时为了形成对照或是(hu sh)为了突出重为了突出重点点,“介词介词+间接宾语间接宾语”也可移到主语的前也可移到主语的前面去：面去：To his daughter he sent a cheque of$50 but to his son he sent only a cheap pen.第二十九页，共48页。如果如果(rgu)“介词介词+间接宾语间接宾语”比直接宾比直接宾语短语短,也可以直接放在谓语动词后：也可以直接放在谓语动词后：He give to his friends much of the time he should have given to his wife and
15、children.第三十页，共48页。一些句子一些句子(j zi)中中,“间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语”不能变为不能变为“直接宾语直接宾语+介词介词+间接宾语间接宾语”：He give the door a hard kick.I never give the matter a thought.She give him a warm smile.This heroic deed cost him his life.第三十一页，共48页。Fill in the blanks using“to”or“for”.1)Fifty dollars was advanced _ him on his
16、 salary before the work was done.2)You should never serve beef _ a Hindu.toto第三十二页，共48页。3)Youd better do your best but prepare yourself _ the worst.4)Ill send a postcard _ you while I am away on holiday.5)You come up to the City Hall tonight and Ill fix things _ you.forforto第三十三页，共48页。1.Can you expl
17、ain _?A.this problem to me B.me this problem C.to me problem D.me problemMultiple choice第三十四页，共48页。2.He made a new dress _ his wife and gave it _ her on her birthday.A.to;for B.for;to C.for;for D.to;to第三十五页，共48页。3.Mr.Smith apologized _ the lady _ what her son had done.A.to;to B.to;for C.for;to D.for
18、;for4.Read the letter and _ him.A.pass it on to B.pass on it to C.pass it for D.pass it on第三十六页，共48页。5.The little boy wanted to have a book at his birthday present,but the cruel stepmother _ him his request.A.refused B.answered C.gave D.promised第三十七页，共48页。Review复习宾语复习宾语(bny)：1.宾语宾语(bny)的定义；的定义；2.可以用
19、作宾语可以用作宾语(bny)的有名词、代词、的有名词、代词、数数 词、名词化的形容词、动词不定词、名词化的形容词、动词不定 式、式、-ing形式、复合结构和从句。形式、复合结构和从句。第三十八页，共48页。Individual activity第三十九页，共48页。1.Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please?(2009全全 国国)A.who B.what C.whoever D.whatever2.At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself
20、 a few months to see _ it got any better.(2009北京北京(bi jn)A.when B.how C.why D.if Quiz I:Multiple choice 第四十页，共48页。3.I still remember _ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.(2009陕西陕西)A.to take B.to be taken C.taking D.being taken 4.As a new diplomat,he often thinks of _ he can react more appropri
21、ately on such occasions.(2009上海上海)A.what B.which C.that D.how 第四十一页，共48页。5.We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.(2010全国全国(qun u)I)A.that B.which C.what D.where6.We should respect food and think about the people who dont have _ we have here and treat food nicely.(2010福建福建
22、)A.that B.which C.what D.whether 第四十二页，共48页。Quiz II:用括号内所给动词用括号内所给动词(dngc)的适当的适当形式完形式完 成下列句子。成下列句子。1.The new college graduate insisted on _(send)where he was most needed.2.The parents suggested _(sleep)in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.being sentsleeping第四十三页，
23、共48页。3.After reading the text,well go on _(do)the exercises.4.I cant stand _(work)with Jane in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works.5.Isnt it time you got down to _ (mark)the papers?to doworkingmarking第四十四页，共48页。6.If you think that treating a woman well means always _(get
24、)her permission for things,think again.7.Victor apologized for not _ (inform)me of the change in the plan.8.I dont want _(sound)like Im speaking ill of anybody,but the managers plan is unfair.to soundgettinginforming第四十五页，共48页。Quiz III:Translation3.老师给他们每人一块老师给他们每人一块(y kui)橡皮。橡皮。The teacher gives ea
25、ch of them an eraser.They sent the injured to hospital.2.他们他们(t men)把伤员送到医院。把伤员送到医院。She didnt say anything.1.她什么她什么(shn me)也没说。也没说。第四十六页，共48页。They asked to see my passport.4.他们要求他们要求(yoqi)看我的护照。看我的护照。I enjoy working with you.5.我和你们一道我和你们一道(ydo)工作很愉快。工作很愉快。Did you write down what he said?6.你把他的话你把他的话(dehu)写下了没有？写下了没有？第四十七页，共48页。Finish the Exercises 1-2 on Page 77 in your Workbooks.第四十八页，共48页。
