1、九年级英语全册Unit 8知识汇总一、单词11Chinatown 中国城；唐人街decoration 装饰品bowl 碗chopstick 筷子spoon 勺子fork 叉子underground 地下的lantern 灯笼dragon 龙Santa Claus 圣诞老人temple 庙宇society 社会generation 一代（人）wealthy 富有的penny 便士pound 镑foolish 愚蠢的whether 是否；无论human 人类（的）manners 礼仪though 尽管modest 谦虚的virtue 美德praise 称赞private 私人的elderly 年长
2、的guest 客人extra 额外的waiter 服务员tip （给）小费percent 百分之central 中部的immigrant 移民according to 根据；依照official 官方的；正式的custom 习惯；习俗tidy 整洁的；使整洁Russian 俄罗斯人(的)；俄语noisy 吵闹的chalk 粉笔tradition 传统reaction 反应react 反应officer 官员gun 枪doll 洋娃娃二、课文翻译Its Saturday evening.周日晚上，Li Ming, Jenny and Brian are chatting online.李明，珍妮
3、和布莱恩正在网上聊天。Hi Li Ming! Guess what we did today!你好，李明！猜猜我们今天干了什么？I have no idea.Did you go shopping?我不知道。你们去购物了？I know Christmas is coming.我知道圣诞节就要到了。You are smart.你真聪明。But did you know that we went shopping in Chinatown?可你知道我们是去唐人街购物了吗？Really? Did you have a good time?这的吗？你们玩得开心吗？Yes.We bought a big
4、 Christmas tree, some decorations and gifts.是的。我们买了一棵大圣诞树，一些装饰品和小礼物。I really enjoyed the lunch we had there.我真的很喜欢在那里吃的午餐。I had a bowl of noodles, and I used chopsticks and a spoon instead of a fork and a knife.我吃了一大碗面条，我用的是筷子和勺子，而不是刀和叉。My parents love to have lunch and shop there, although parking
5、is a problem.我父母喜欢去那吃饭购物，尽管哪里停车是个难题。My dad had to park his car in the underground parking lot.我爸爸不得不把车停在地下停车场。Do they speak Chinese there?他们说会中文吗？In the stores and restaurants, people spoke English to me, but many of them speak Chinese to each other.在商店和餐馆人们对我说英语，但是很多人说中文。And there were red lanterns
6、 everywhere.到处都是红色的灯笼。Danny and I watched a wonderful dragon dancing performance during the Spring Festival last year.去年春节期间丹妮和我观看了一场精彩的舞龙表演。Thats interesting.I hope we have a North American town here.那很有趣。我希望我们这儿能有一个北美小镇。Then you can celebrate Christmas and get gifts from Santa Claus.那么你们能庆祝圣诞节，还可以
7、收到圣诞老人的礼物。I love Santa Claus.我喜欢圣诞老人。Do you believe its Santa Claus who brings you gifts, Brian?你认为是圣诞老人送来的礼物吗，布莱恩？Of course not.Only little kids believe that.当然不是。只有小孩子们才相信。But we do have lots of fun.但是我们也很快乐。What do you usually do during the Spring Festival, Li Ming?李明，你们春节期间通常做些什么呢？There are so m
8、any special things about the Spring Festival.这有许多有关春节的特别的事情。Young children usually get gifts lucky money.年幼的孩子通常受到礼物压岁钱。We eat dumplings and many other delicious foods.我们吃饺子和许多其他可口的事物。We have temple fairs and all kinds of performances.我们有庙会和各种表演。Its the most important festival in China.它是中国最重要的节日。I
9、hope I can go to Chinatown again to see the Spring Festival.我希望春节我能再去唐人街。Seeing is believing.眼见为实Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，疾病远离我。Have you ever heard these old sayings?你曾经听说过这些古老的谚语吗？Sayings are an important part of the language and cultu
10、re of every society.谚语是每种社会语言与文化的重要组成部分之一。Although sayings are usually simple and easy to remember, they are full of deep meaning.尽管谚语通常简单易记，他们包含了深刻含义。They come from the experience of generations of people, and from different walks of life.他们来源于世代人民的生活经验，来自于生活中各行各业。Take a look at these sayings:看看这些谚
11、语：Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起能使人健康，富有，明智。A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.千里之行始于足下。Well begun is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。Dont be penny wise and pound foolish.不要小事聪明，大事糊涂。Actions speak louder than words.行动胜于言语。Many hands make light wo
12、rk.众人拾柴火焰高。These sayings help people understand the world and form good habits, or encourage people to work hard and as a team.这些谚语帮助人们更好地理解世界，养成良好的习惯，或是鼓励人们团队合作。Whether the sayings are in Chinese, English, or any other language, they share something in common.无论这些谚语是汉语、英语，亦或是其他语言，他们都有许多共同之处。Do you
13、know the English for the Chinese saying “ai wu ji wu”?你知道汉语“爱屋及乌”这句言语的英语表达吗？Thats “Love me, love my dog”.是”Love me, love my dog”。And “Every dog has his day” is similar to the Chinese saying ”“Every dog has his day” 类似于汉语谚语shi nian he dong, shi nian he xi”.“十年河东，十年河西”。Although Chinese sayings use ima
14、ges of animals or things other than dogs, the meanings are almost the same.尽管汉语谚语除了使用狗还使用了其他动物或事物，意思几乎是一样的。Human beings share similar hopes and fears.人类共享着相同的希望和恐惧。My name is Wu Zhou.我名叫吴州。I have lived in Canada for twenty-three years.我在加拿大生活了23年。In Canada, I call myself Joe Wu.在加拿大，我自称为Joe Wu。Joe i
15、s an English name that sounds like Zhou.Joe是一个英文名字，听起来就像州。Though I have lived here for a long time, I still dont feel Canadian.尽管我已经在那里生活了很长时间了，我仍然不感觉自己是加拿大人。This is probably because North American manners and Chinese manners are so different.这可能是因为北美礼仪和中国礼仪截然不同。In China, being modest is a virtue.在中
16、国，谦逊是一种美德。If someone praises you and says that your English is excellent, you should be modest and say, “No, no.My English is still poor.”如果有人表扬你，告诉你你的英语非常棒，你应该谦虚地说“不，不。我的英语仍然很差。”But in North America, this is usually a sign of being weak and not confident.但是在北美，这样通常是一种软弱或是缺乏信心的表现。You should just say
17、, “Thank you.”你应该说，“谢谢你。”In Canada, people only ask children about their age.在加拿大，人们只会问孩子们的年龄。Its not polite to ask an adults age.向成人询问年龄很不礼貌。They think it is private.他们认为那是个人隐私。But this is common in many places in China.但是这在中国许多地方都很常见。In both China and North America, it is polite to offer an elderl
18、y person a seat on the bus.在中国和北美，在公交车上给年纪大的人让座都是一种礼貌。In North America, however, an elderly person may feel embarrassed about being offered a seat.然而，在北美，被让的年长者可能会因为让座而感到十分尴尬。When Chinese people eat out in restaurants, they may take turns paying for the meal.当中国人外出在餐厅就餐时，他们可能会轮流付款。In Canada, however
19、, people often share the cost of a meal.然而，在加拿大，人们均摊餐费。In China, if your guests have no food on their plates, its polite to put food on their plates.在中国如果客人的餐盘里没有食物了，给他们的盘子添菜是礼貌的。In Canada, you pass food to guests, but you dont usually put food on their plates.在加拿大，你可以给客人传菜，但通常不放在人家盘子里。In China, peo
20、ple seldom give extra money to waiters, waitresses, taxi drivers or hotel workers.在中国，人们几乎不用付额外的费用给男服务员，女服务员，出租车司机或酒店服务人员。In North America, this is always done.在北美，总是会给小费的。It is called “tipping”.被称作”给小费”。Its interesting to experience two different cultures.经历两种不同的文化很有趣。I think understanding cultural
21、 differences really helps us to understand each other, live together and work together.我认为理解文化差异的确有助于我们了解彼此，共同生活与工作。Canada is home to many cultures.加拿大是多种文化的故乡。Three percent of all Canadians are First Nations people.30%的加拿大人为第一民族。The people of the First Nations were there before other people came to
22、 North America.第一民族是其他民族来北美之前的原住民。Now more than half of Canadians have British or French blood.现在超过一半的加拿大人有着英国或是法国血统。The rest are from every part of the world:余下的来自世界各个地方：Asia, Africa, Central America, South America, Australia and other European countries.亚洲、非洲、中美洲、南美洲、澳大利亚，或其他欧洲国家。Canada became a c
23、ountry in 1867, and for more than a hundred years, most immigrants in the country were from Europe.加拿大于1867年建国，100多年来，大部分移民都来自于欧洲。In the 1970s and 1980s, that changed.在19世纪70年代和80年代间，局面发生变化。According to a survey, the number of European immigrants dropped from 90 percent to 25 percent据一份调查显示，欧洲移民数量从9
24、0%下滑至25%，and the number of Asian immigrants rose from 3 percent to 48 percent.亚洲移民由3%上升至48%。Although Canada has two official languages English and French, most Canadians do not speak both.尽管加拿大有两种官方语言英语和法语，大多数加拿大人并不说这两种语言。Many immigrants speak two languages the language of their first country and En
25、glish or French.许多移民者说两种语言他们的出生地语言和英语或是法语。Canada welcomes cultural differences in the people who live there.加拿大接纳了住在那里的人们的文化差异。So what is a Canadian?那么加拿大人是怎样的？Thats a little hard to describe.很难去描述。Canada does not have one culture it has many.加拿大人有不止一种文化有很多种。It is important that people from differen
26、t cultures can live together in one country.来自于不同文化的人能共同生活在一个国家，这很重要。Is there a Canadian food? Not really.有加拿大食物吗？没有。Is there a Canadian religion? No.有加拿大宗教吗？没有。Is there a Canadian kind of music? No again.有加拿大音乐吗？还是没有。Is there a Canadian way of understanding the world? Yes.有加拿大式的理解世界的方式吗？有。Its that
27、people should respect and accept one another and help one another.那就是人们应该互相尊重，互相接受并且互相帮助。Its important to keep different languages, religions and customs alive.保持不同的语言，宗教和生活习俗非常重要。Mr.Manners, Im a Grade 9 student.礼仪先生，我是九年级的学生。My Australian pen pal is coming to Beijing next week.我的澳大利亚笔友下周就要来北京了。I i
28、nvited him for dinner at my home, and he accepted.What should I do to make him feel welcome?我邀请他来我家吃饭，他接受了。我应该怎样做让他觉得自己是受欢迎的？How can I be a good host?我应该怎样做一名好主人？Li Ming李明Dear Li Ming, A good host always tries to make guests feel welcome.亲爱的李明 一个好主人总是尝试让客人感觉自己是受欢迎的。Here are some tips for you.这里有一些小提
29、示。Tidy up your house before your guest arrives.在客人抵达之前整理你的房子。Open the door for your guest and hang up his coat.为你的客人开门并帮他挂他的外套。It will make him feel welcome.这会让他感觉自己是受欢迎的。Offer your guest something to drink or eat like tea, fruit and snacks.给你的客人提供一些饮料或者食物，像茶，水果和点心。Dont ask your guest to go to the k
30、itchen and serve himself!不要要求客人去厨房或是让他自己动手。Serve your guest at the table.为你的客人摆好餐桌。Make him feel at home.Talk to your guest.让他觉得宾至如归。和你的客人一起聊天。Thats why you invited him.这就是你为什么邀请他。Dont turn on the television.Its OK in China, but its considered rude in Western cultures.不要打开电视。在中国是可以的，但是在西方国家中这会被认为是粗鲁
31、的。Mr.Manners礼仪先生Mr.Manners, Im a student visiting Russia.礼仪先生，我是一名来访俄罗斯的学生。Im going to stay for three months.我要待上三个月。One of my classmates invited me to stay overnight at her house.我的一名同学邀请我在她的房子里过夜。It will be my first time visiting a Russian house.这是我第一次拜访俄罗斯家庭。What should I do to be a polite guest?
32、我应该怎样做才是一名有礼貌的客人呢？Dong Fang董芳Dear Dong Fang, Here are some small suggestions for you.亲爱的董芳，这有些建议给你：Bring a small gift, such as sweets or flowers.带一件小礼物，如糖果或鲜花。Follow the rules of your hosts home.遵循主人家的规则，Do what your host asks you to do.做一些你的主人让你做的事情。Dont be noisy, especially at bedtime.不要吵闹，尤其是在就寝时
33、间。Offer to help prepare the dinner.餐前准备时帮把手。Write a thank-you note after your visit.拜访之后写一封感谢卡。Visiting a local family is a great way to experience another culture.拜访当地家庭是了解另一种文化一种不错的方式。Remember to be yourself and have fun.记得充满自信并且玩得开心。Mr.Manners礼仪先生Dear Danny, How are you these days?亲爱的丹尼，你这些天好吗？Ar
34、e you ready for Christmas?你在为圣诞节做准备吗？My Australian pen pal, Bruce, and his father, came to visit me the day before yesterday.我的澳大利亚笔友，布鲁斯，和他爸爸，前天来我家了。Last night, my parents invited them to our home for dinner.昨晚，我父母邀请他们来我们家吃饭。At the end of the meal, Mr.Bradshaw opened a box of cookies he had brought
35、 from home.饭后，布拉德肖先生打开了他从家带来的一盒饼干。He then passed the box to everyone.然后他把盒子传递给每一个人。We each took a cookie and ate it.我们每个人都吃了一块。The cookie tasted like chalk to me!饼干吃起来有点像粉笔。But in good Chinese tradition, I told Mr.Bradshaw that I enjoyed it.但是出于中国传统，我告诉布莱德肖先生我很喜欢。At the airport today, Mr.Bradshaw ga
36、ve me a big box of the same cookies as a gift.今天在机场，布莱德肖先生给了我一盒一模一样的饼干作为礼物。I dont know what well do with them.我不知道我们应该怎么做了。Merry Christmas and Happy New Year!圣诞快乐，新年快乐。Li Ming李明Hi Li Ming, I am so busy with Christmas these days.你好，李明，圣诞节这些天我们非常忙。I couldnt help but laugh when I read your e-mail.当我读你的
37、邮件时我禁不住笑了。I can imagine your reaction when you received the cookies.我能想象出你收到饼干时的反应。Maybe you can send them to me.I love all kinds of cookies.或许你能否把他们寄给我，我喜欢各种各样的饼干。But I think you were polite to react that way.但是我想你那样说是出于礼貌。I love Chinese culture.I wish everyone here, especially Debbie, could learn
38、some Chinese manners.我喜欢中国文化。我希望这里的每个人，尤其是德比，能够学一些中国礼仪。Debbie dreams of being a police officer.德比梦想着能成为一名警官。She once said that she hoped to have a toy gun as a Christmas gift, so I bought one for her.她曾经说过他希望有一个玩具枪作为圣诞礼物，因此我给她买了一把。But when I gave it to her, she said she wanted a doll!但是当我给她时，她说她想要一个
39、洋娃娃！She changes her mind so quickly!她的主意变化得可真快！Though I was a little hurt, I still enjoyed Christmas very much.尽管我有点点受伤，我仍然非常享受圣诞节。We had a lot of fun.我们过得很开心。We are planning another trip to Chinatown during the Spring Festival.我们计划春节期间再去一次唐人街。I love festivals.我喜欢节日。Danny丹尼三、知识点Lesson 43【重点单词】1.bowl
40、 n.碗 a bowl of 一碗2.underground adj.地下的；n.地铁 underground parking lot 地下停车场3.decoration n.装饰品 decorate v.装饰；装修4.chopstick n.筷子5.spoon n.匙勺6.fork n.叉子【重点短语】7.have no idea 不知道8.lucky money 压岁钱9.temple fair 庙会 Lesson 44【重点单词】1.society n.社会2.pound n.镑；磅3.foolish adj.愚蠢的；傻的4.whether conj.是否；不管；无论【重点短语】5.wa
41、lks of life 行业；阶层；各行各业6.in common 共有；共同7.be similar to 和相似8.other than 而不；不同于；除了以外9.human being 人【重点句子】10.Although sayings are usually simple and easy to remember, they are full of deep meaning.尽管谚语通常简单并且容易记住，但是它们蕴含着深刻意义。11.Whether the sayings are in Chinese, English, or any other language, they sha
42、re something in common.无论这些谚语是中文的、英文的，还是其他语言的，它们都表达了相同的意思。 Lesson 45【重点单词】1.though conj.虽然；尽管；即使；然而2.praise v.& n.称赞；赞扬 praise sb.for sth.因某事赞扬某人 in praise of 赞扬3.private adj.私人的；私有的 in private 秘密地；私下地4.guest n.客人5.manners n.礼仪；习俗；礼貌6.modest adj.谦虚的；谦恭的【重点短语】7.pay for 为付款8.offer sb.sth.给某人提供某物9.take
43、 turns 轮流；依次【重点句子】10.In China, being modest is a virtue.在中国，谦虚是一种美德。11.Its not polite to ask an adults age.问成年人的年龄是不礼貌的。Lesson 46 【重点单词】1.percent n.百分之2.official adj.官方的；正式的3.custom n.习惯；习俗； 风俗【重点短语】4.according to 根据；依照5.be home to 的发源地6.the number of 的数量7.one another 互相【重点句子】8.Canada welcomes cultu
44、ral differences in the people who live there.加拿大欣然接受生活在那里的人们的文化差异。9.It is important that people from different cultures can live together in one country.来自不同文化的人们能够共同生活在一个国家，这很重要。 Lesson 47【重点单词】1.tidy v.使整洁；使整齐；整理 adj.整洁的；整齐的 tidy up 整理；收拾；归置2.Russian adj.俄罗斯的 n.俄罗斯人；俄语 Russia n.俄罗斯3.noisy adj.喧闹的；
45、吵闹的 noise n.噪音【重点短语】4.hang up 挂上 hang 悬挂；吊着过去式、过去分词 hung hang 绞死过去式、过去分词 hanged5.at the table 在桌旁6.invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事【重点句子】7.Its OK in China, but its considered rude in Western cultures.这在中国可以，但在西方文化中被认为是粗鲁的。 Lesson 48【重点单词】1.officer n.政府官员 police officer 警察；警官2.tradition n.传统 traditional adj.传统的3.reaction n.反应 react v.反应4.chalk n.粉笔5.gun n.枪6.doll n.洋娃娃；玩偶【重点短语】7.be ready for 为做好准备8.pass sth.to sb.把某物递给某人9.change ones mind 改变主意【重点句子】10.I dont know what well do with them.我不知道我们如何处理它们。11.I couldnt help but laugh when I read your e mail.当我读你的电子邮件的时候，我忍不住大笑。
