1、 环保低碳环保低碳 (四十一四十一)A.the social movementB.recycling techniquesC.environmental problemsD.the importance of Earth Day1.According to Anderson,before 1970,Americans had little idea about _.C 细节理解题。细节理解题。根据第一段的根据第一段的We didnt know at that time that there even was an environment,let alone that there was a p
2、roblem with it“那那时候我们甚至不知道环境的存在时候我们甚至不知道环境的存在,更别提环境问更别提环境问题了题了”可知可知,当时美国人对环境问题没有足当时美国人对环境问题没有足够的认识够的认识,因此应选择因此应选择C项。项。A.The grass-roots level.B.The business circle.C.Government officials.D.University professors.2.Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A 推理判断题。推理判断题。根据第二
3、段第二句根据第二段第二句Business people,political leaders,university professors,and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement.“商人、政治领导人、大学教授商人、政治领导人、大学教授,尤其尤其是数百万的基层美国民众正在参与这项运动是数百万的基层美国民众正在参与这项运动”可知可知,这里强调了这个运动的支持者应该是那些普通的美这里强调了这个运动的支持者应该是那些普通的美国民众国民众,因此答案应是因此答案应是A项。项。A.They
4、have cut car emissions to the lowest.B.They have settled their environmental problems.C.They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D.They have reduced pollution through effective measures.3.What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?D 细节理解题。细节理解题。第三段列举的这些数字证明了第三段列举的这些数字证明了美国人采取了
5、有效措施美国人采取了有效措施,减少了环境污染减少了环境污染,因此因此答案选答案选D项。项。A.Education.B.Planning.C.Green living.D.CO reduction.4.What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?A 推理判断题。推理判断题。结合最后一段提到的结合最后一段提到的“25年以前年以前,在美国几乎没有关于环境的教育项目在美国几乎没有关于环境的教育项目,而如今而如今,很很难找到没有类似项目的公立学校、大学或者法学难找到没有
6、类似项目的公立学校、大学或者法学院了院了”,再结合布鲁斯所说的再结合布鲁斯所说的“没有教育没有教育,就无法就无法改变环境问题改变环境问题”,我们可以推断出教育的重要性。我们可以推断出教育的重要性。A.How the first Earth Day came into being.B.America has made great progress in protecting the environment.C.A kind of“green thinking”has become part of practices in America.D.Protecting the environment
7、has grown into a social movement in America.5.What does the passage mainly tell us?B 主旨大意题。主旨大意题。主要介绍了美国人在环保问题认主要介绍了美国人在环保问题认识上的变化以及他们采取了一些有效措施积极应识上的变化以及他们采取了一些有效措施积极应对环境问题等。故选。对环境问题等。故选。movement n.运动运动university n.大学大学especially adv.尤其是尤其是governor n.州长；统治者州长；统治者improvement n.改善改善program n.节目；项目节目；项
8、目environment n.环境环境pollution n.污染污染复记强化复记强化难句理解难句理解 Today,its hard to find a public school,university,or law school that does not have such a kind of program.结构分析：结构分析：本句含有一个本句含有一个that引导的定语从句，引导的定语从句，其先行词是其先行词是public school，university,law school中的任何一个，因此从句动词是单数。中的任何一个，因此从句动词是单数。汉语大意：汉语大意：如今，很难找到一所没有
9、这样的课如今，很难找到一所没有这样的课程的公立学校、大学或者法学院。程的公立学校、大学或者法学院。(四十二四十二)A.zero-carbon homes B.the behaviour of building usersC.sustainable building designD.the reduction of carbon emissions1.As to energy use,the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of _.B 细节理解题。细节理解题。由第一段中由第一段中“The behaviour of a buildi
10、ngs users may be at least as important as可知，选可知，选B。文中。文中“at least as important as(至少至少是一样重要是一样重要)”跟题干中跟题干中“stresses the importance强调重要性强调重要性”为同义转换。为同义转换。A.the waysB.their homesC.developmentsD.existing efforts2.The underlined word“which”in Paragraph 2 refers to“_.”D 推理判断题。推理判断题。本题是要求考生理解引导定语从本题是要求考生理
11、解引导定语从句的关系代词句的关系代词which指代什么内容，即先行词是哪指代什么内容，即先行词是哪个词。划线词前面的内容是一个很长的复合句，我个词。划线词前面的内容是一个很长的复合句，我们不妨先把它的主干部分提取出来们不妨先把它的主干部分提取出来“the ways have been ignored by existing efforts(现有的努力忽视了现有的努力忽视了这些方式这些方式)”；再根据下划线后面的内容；再根据下划线后面的内容“which instead focus on architectural and technological developments(而是集中在了建筑和科
12、技的发展上而是集中在了建筑和科技的发展上)”,很明显，很明显，which指代的是现有的努力。指代的是现有的努力。3.What are Katy Jandas words mainly about?A.The importance of changing building users habits.B.The necessity of making a careful building design.C.The variety of consumption patterns of building users.D.The role of technology in improving energ
13、y efficiency.A 细节理解题。细节理解题。根据题干根据题干“Katy Jandas words”可知是对第三段中引号里面的内容进行概括，可知是对第三段中引号里面的内容进行概括，考生大多会觉得引号里面的内容很难理解，但考生大多会觉得引号里面的内容很难理解，但其后的其后的“In other words”告诉我们可以直接去理告诉我们可以直接去理解解“In other words，old habits die hard,even in the best-designed eco-home(旧的习惯很难消除，旧的习惯很难消除，甚至在设计得很好的生态房屋里面甚至在设计得很好的生态房屋里面)”，
14、这跟选项，这跟选项A“The importance of changing building users habits(改变房屋使用者习惯是重要的改变房屋使用者习惯是重要的)”为同义转为同义转换。换。A.can be bridged by feedback facilitiesB.affects the study on energy monitorsC.brings about problems for smart metersD.will be caused by building users old habits4.The information gap in energy use _.
15、A 细节理解题。细节理解题。根据题干根据题干“The information gap in energy use”可知应该在倒数第三段中可知应该在倒数第三段中“information gap”的附近寻找答案，就在前的附近寻找答案，就在前面有面有“Feedback(反馈反馈)facilities,like smart meters and energy monitors，could help bridge this information gap”可知答案为可知答案为A。文章中的主。文章中的主动语态转化为了选项中的被动语态。动语态转化为了选项中的被动语态。5.What does the dime
16、nsion added by social science research suggest?A.The social science research is to be furthered.B.The education programme is under discussion.C.The behaviour of building users is unpredictable.D.The behaviour preference of building users is similar.C 细节理解题。细节理解题。根据题干中的根据题干中的“the dimension added by s
17、ocial science research suggest”可知可知应该在最后一段应该在最后一段“Social science research has added”附近寻找答案，紧接着后面就出现了附近寻找答案，紧接着后面就出现了“individuals behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted”可知选可知选C。文中的文中的“cant be predicted(不能被预测不能被预测)”跟选跟选项中的项中的“unpredictable”为同义转换。为同义转换。A.the citys lights affected
18、 the meteor watchingB.the meteors flew past before being noticedC.the city light show attracted many peopleD.the meteor watching ended up a social outing1.It happened last night that _.A 细节理解题。细节理解题。由第一段的最后两句由第一段的最后两句people gathered in the suburbs of the city,carrying heavy telescopes,expecting to w
19、atchWhat they found instead waspassing overhead可知可知,本来人们是本来人们是兴致勃勃地想观看流星的，却因夜空被城市明亮兴致勃勃地想观看流星的，却因夜空被城市明亮的灯光所点缀，而影响了观星。的灯光所点缀，而影响了观星。(四十三四十三)A.Meteor showers occur less often than before.B.Their observation equipment is in poor repair.C.Light pollution has remained unsolved for years.D.Their eyesight
20、 is failing due to artificial lighting2.What do the astronomers complain about?C 推理判断题。推理判断题。由第三段的第一、二两句由第三段的第一、二两句Astronomersscientists planetshave been complaining about this problem for decades.They say that in the past可知，天文学家们几十年来一可知，天文学家们几十年来一直在抱怨灯光污染使得他们不能像以前一样很清晰直在抱怨灯光污染使得他们不能像以前一样很清晰地观察到天上的物
21、体了，由此可推断出灯光污染这地观察到天上的物体了，由此可推断出灯光污染这个问题几十年来都没得到解决。个问题几十年来都没得到解决。A.Birds may take other migration paths.B.Animals living habits may change suddenly.C.Varieties of animals will become sharply reduced.D.Animals survival is threatened by outdoor lighting.3.What is the author concerned about according to
22、 Paragraph 4?D 推理判断题。推理判断题。第四段开头就明确指出灯第四段开头就明确指出灯光污染给鸟类，蝙蝠光污染给鸟类，蝙蝠,青蛙青蛙,蛇等动物带蛇等动物带来不良影响来不良影响,接下来再以每年统计的约有接下来再以每年统计的约有一亿鸟类受灯光污染而死亡的数字为例，一亿鸟类受灯光污染而死亡的数字为例，说明灯光污染已经威胁到了动物的生存。说明灯光污染已经威胁到了动物的生存。A.lessen the chance of getting cancerB.create an ideal observation conditionC.ensure citizens a good sleep at
23、nightD.enable all creatures to live in harmony4.Lighting regulations in Flagstaff,Arizona are put into effect to _.B 细节理解题。细节理解题。由最后一段的第二句由最后一段的第二句For years,Flagstaff,Arizona.in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory可知，推行此规定就是可知，推行此规定就是为了给天文学家创造更好的观测条件。为了给天文学家创造更好的观测条件。A.Saving wildli
24、fe is saving ourselves.B.Great efforts should be made to save energy.C.Human activities should be environmentally friendly.D.New equipment should be introduced for space study.5.What message does the author most want to give us?C 主旨大意题。主旨大意题。由文章最后一句由文章最后一句Similar efforts have been made worldwide,and
25、 remind us to turn off the lights when we are not using them,so that other creatures can share the night可知造成灯可知造成灯光污染的直接对象就是人类，人类应该避免在夜光污染的直接对象就是人类，人类应该避免在夜间过度使用灯光，让其他生物也能够享受夜晚。间过度使用灯光，让其他生物也能够享受夜晚。因此，作者写这篇文章就是要告诉我们要与自然因此，作者写这篇文章就是要告诉我们要与自然和谐相处。其他选项在文中均没有提及，无中生和谐相处。其他选项在文中均没有提及，无中生有。有。town resident
26、城市居民城市居民 turn out to be 结果是结果是complain about 抱怨抱怨severely affect 严重影响严重影响exposure to light 暴露于灯光暴露于灯光take measures to 采取措施采取措施artificial lighting 人工照明人工照明 be underway 正在进行中正在进行中 the negative effects 消极的影响消极的影响enforce lighting regulation 加强灯光控制加强灯光控制in the suburbs of the city 在城市的郊区在城市的郊区复记强化复记强化难句理解
27、难句理解There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution.结构分析：结构分析：besides在此作介词，意为在此作介词，意为“除了除了之外之外,还有还有”,因此因此besides professional and amateur star observers是个介词短语。是个介词短语。that suffers even more from light pollution是个定语从是个定语从句，修饰先行词句，修饰
28、先行词population，而不是，而不是observers。汉语大意：汉语大意：除了专业和业余的星体观察者之外，除了专业和业余的星体观察者之外，还有一个群体遭受到更多的灯光污染。还有一个群体遭受到更多的灯光污染。A.Going Green B.Protecting the PlanetC.Keeping OpenMinded D.Celebrating Our Green Year1.What might be the best title for the passage?(四十四四十四)A 主旨大意题。主旨大意题。文章从开篇就指出文章从开篇就指出going green（力行环保；推动绿化）
29、不但是一种时尚而且还（力行环保；推动绿化）不但是一种时尚而且还是一种生活方式，接下来又描述一家人为是一种生活方式，接下来又描述一家人为go green所做的努力，最后作者又表明了能有机会用自身所做的努力，最后作者又表明了能有机会用自身行动去行动去go green and educate others感动荣幸感动荣幸,故选故选项项A正确；选项正确；选项B(保护我们的星球保护我们的星球)和选项和选项D(庆祝庆祝我们的环保年我们的环保年)都只是文章细节的一部分都只是文章细节的一部分,故排除；故排除；选项选项C（保持开放的思想）在文中没有提及，是无（保持开放的思想）在文中没有提及，是无中生有中生有,也
30、排除。也排除。A.they were expected to follow the green fadB.they didnt know how to educate other peopleC.they were unwilling to reduce their energyD.they needed to perform unusual green tasks2.It was difficult for the couple to live a green life for the whole year because _.D 细节理解题。细节理解题。由第二段最后一句由第二段最后一句we
31、 had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task可知，作者一家一年里必须完成可知，作者一家一年里必须完成一件不容易的任务：想出一件不容易的任务：想出365种不同的环保事情去种不同的环保事情去做。可见，既是不容易也是不同寻常的。做。可见，既是不容易也是不同寻常的。A.They tried to get out of their ungreen habits.B.They ignored others ungreen behavior.C.They chose better chemical cl
32、eaners.D.They sold their home-made food.3.What did the couple do over the course of Our Green Year?A 细节理解题。细节理解题。由第四段最后一句由第四段最后一句In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.可知，作者一家在这一年里无可知，作者一家在这一年里无论是谁，只要做出不环保的事就可能会受到惩罚论是谁，只要做出不环保的事就可能会受到惩罚,可知他们是要试图摆脱掉平日里不环保的习惯。可知他们是要
33、试图摆脱掉平日里不环保的习惯。A.The government will give support to the green project.B.The couple may continue their project in the future.C.Some people disagree with the couples green ideas.D.Our Green Year is becoming a national campaign.4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?B 推理判断题。推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知，作者一由文章
34、最后一段可知，作者一家为有机会能用自身行动去力行环保而感到十家为有机会能用自身行动去力行环保而感到十分荣幸，并表明我们是有能力去改变一些东西，分荣幸，并表明我们是有能力去改变一些东西，帮助我们的星球的，由此可推断这对夫妇将来帮助我们的星球的，由此可推断这对夫妇将来还会继续去推动他们的环保项目。还会继续去推动他们的环保项目。over the course of 在在的过程中的过程中 consume less meat 吃少一点肉吃少一点肉give away 赠送赠送 vinegar and lemon juice 醋和柠檬汁醋和柠檬汁chemical cleaner 化学清洁剂化学清洁剂 be
35、grateful for 对对心存感激心存感激复记强化复记强化难句理解难句理解In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.结构分析：结构分析：整个句子的主干是整个句子的主干是anyone might be punished；In our home office是个地点状语；是个地点状语；caught doing something是过去分词短语作后置定是过去分词短语作后置定语。语。catch sb.doing sth.意为意为“碰巧抓到某人在做碰巧抓到某人在做某事某事”。汉语句意：汉语句意
36、：在我们家，任何被碰巧抓到不做环保在我们家，任何被碰巧抓到不做环保的事情的人都会被惩罚。的事情的人都会被惩罚。A.Plants reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystem.B.The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists expectation.C.Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns.D.Food chains have been seriously damaged
37、 because of weather.1.What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1?B 细节理解题。细节理解题。根据第一段可知根据第一段可知,由于气候的变化由于气候的变化,植物开花的速度比科学家预测的要快。植物开花的速度比科学家预测的要快。(四十四四十四)A.plants flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafingB.there are 1,634 plant species on the four continentsC.scientists should
38、 improve the design of the experimentsD.the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change2.We can learn from the study published on the Nature website that _.C 细节理解题。细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的根据倒数第四段中的The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will
39、react to climate change可知。可知。3.Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because _.A.they can prove the climate change clearlyB.they are very important in the food chainsC.they play a leading role in reducing global warmingD.they are growing and flowering much faster than beforeB 细节理解题
40、。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段根据倒数第三段,植物对地植物对地球上的生命是必要的球上的生命是必要的,它们是食物链的基础。它们是食物链的基础。4.The underlined word“drought”in the last paragraph means a long period of _.A.dry weather B.windy weather C.rainy weather D.snowy weather A 词义猜测题。词义猜测题。本文主要讲述的是全球升本文主要讲述的是全球升温温,再根据该词后面的再根据该词后面的flood可推出。可推出。5.What can be inferred f
41、rom the last two paragraphs about the worlds temperature?A.It has risen nearly 0.2 since 1979.B.Its change will lead to weather extremes.C.It is 0.8 higher in 1979 than that of 1990.D.It needs to be controlled within 2 in this century.D 推理判断题。推理判断题。根据最后两段，地球温度在持续根据最后两段，地球温度在持续上升，到目前为止，对减少温室效应方面的努力上升
42、，到目前为止，对减少温室效应方面的努力还不够，因此本世纪要努力控制地球的温度上升。还不够，因此本世纪要努力控制地球的温度上升。复记强化复记强化findings n.调查结果调查结果 advance n.进展进展in reaction to 对对做出反应做出反应 have a great effect on 对对有很大影响有很大影响flower and leaf 开花和长叶子开花和长叶子 result from 由由造成造成weather extreme 极端天气极端天气 the key object of study 关键的研究对象关键的研究对象1.What was the problem c
43、aused by the construction of the railways?A.Small towns along the railways became abandoned.B.Some railroad stops remained underused.C.Land in the West was hard to manage.D.Land grants went into private hands.C 推理判断题。推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句中的根据第二段第一、二句中的leaving public land in between privately owned land.i
44、n both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management可推出。可推出。(四十五四十五)2.What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?A.The transmission of power.B.The use of money and power.C.The conservation of solar energy.D.The
45、 selection of an ideal place.B 细节理解题。细节理解题。根据文章最后两段尤其是倒数根据文章最后两段尤其是倒数第二段最后两句第二段最后两句There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good.But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind可知。可知。3.The underlined word“it”in Para.3 refers to _.A.the A
46、merican East B.the American WestC.the argumentD.the alternative energyD 词义猜测题。词义猜测题。由该词前面的由该词前面的We need alternative energy badly，and to really take advantage of 可知。可知。4.What is the authors attitude towards building solar plants?A.Cautious.B.Approving.C.Doubtful.D.Disapproving.A 推理判断题。推理判断题。根据第五段第三句根
47、据第五段第三句There are chances forBut it is just as likely that及及本文最后一句可推出作者的态度是谨慎的。本文最后一句可推出作者的态度是谨慎的。A.How the Railways Have Affected the West.B.How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West.C.How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced.D.How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled.5.Which is the be
48、st title for the passage?B主旨大意题。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述美国西部兴本文主要讲述美国西部兴建新型太阳能发电站、输电系统的利弊。建新型太阳能发电站、输电系统的利弊。复记强化复记强化lifeblood n.命脉命脉 the same is true of 也一样也一样solar plant 太阳能装置太阳能装置/发电站发电站 power line 电线电线lay down 铺设铺设 transcontinental railroads 贯穿大陆铁路贯穿大陆铁路spring up 涌现涌现 take advantage of 利用利用We need alternativ
49、e energy badly,and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.难句理解难句理解 结构分析：结构分析：这是一个由这是一个由and连接的并列句连接的并列句,前后两前后两个句子的结构均为主谓宾。后一个并列句中带了个句子的结构均为主谓宾。后一个并列句中带了一个由一个由than引导的比较状语从句。引导的比较状语从句。汉语大意：汉语大意：我们急需要可替代能源我们急需要可替代能源,为了真正地利为了真正地利用好它用好它,我们需要把电力比现在更稳固地输送出去。我们需要把电力比现在更稳固地输送出去。
