1、Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land Discover useful structures Iearning objectsBy the end of this period,you will be able toTo analyse the difference in uses and meanings of past participles and ing formsTo practise using the past participles and the ing forms to create adverbial clausesLi Daiyu and L
2、iu Qian were _ while enjoying the spectacular secenry across Canada.amazeamazeamazed_ by the exceptional beauty of Canada,Li Daiyu and Liu Qain felt pleased with the rail journey.Impressed作表语作表语作状语作状语impressimpressLead in_ from everywhere we stood,we found Li River definitely took our breath away.se
3、eseeSeeing作状语作状语When we reached there last month,the scenery in Li River looked really _.fascinatingfascinatefascinate作表语作表语Lead in过去分词与动词-ing形式 过去分词（past participle）是分词的一种，英文缩写（PP），规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加-ed构成。动词的-ing形式是动词的另一种非谓语形式，包括动名词和现在分词两种，由动词原形加-ing构成。（一）过去分词和动词-ing形式作谓语l I have visited the science
4、museum three times.l A research is being conducted by a group of young scientists.l We are having an English class at the moment.（二）过去分词和动词-ing形式作非谓语l When youre bored at work,its time to take a vacation.l Everyone cheered when the exciting news came.l Bored at home,he decided to go to a movie.l Hav
5、ing lived in the UK for three years,he can speak English like a Briton.分词作表语和状语1.作表语:过去分词与其逻辑主语之间一般是被动关系，表示人或物的心情或状态等,也可以理解为心情或状态受到外界影响,有“感到”之意;动词-ing形式则表示主动关系，多指人或物的自身特征,有“令人”之意。e.g.We were amazed to find that no one was hurt.By the way,the machine is amazing.Do you feel frightened when walking hom
6、e alone in the dark?Walking home alone in the dark can be frightening.When youre bored at work,its time to take a vacation.Its boring to sit on the plane with nothing to read.很多与感觉有关的动词,其v.-ing形式表示主动意义,即“令人的”,多用来修饰物;其v.-ed形式表示被动意义,即“感到的”,多用来修饰人、人的声音或表情等。这类词常见的有：interesting 有趣的interested 感兴趣的 delight
7、ing 令人高兴的delighted 感到高兴的 disappointing 令人失望的disappointed 感到失望的 encouraging 令人鼓舞的encouraged 感到鼓舞的 pleasing 令人愉快的pleased 感到愉快的 puzzling 令人费解的puzzled 感到费解的 satisfying 令人满意的satisfied 感到满意的 surprising 令人惊异的surprised 感到惊异的 worrying 令人担心的worried 感到担心的 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词可放在连系动词be,get,feel,remain,seem,look
8、,become等之后，构成“be+过去分词”结构：表示状态时，是系表结构，此时的过去分词通常已形容词化;表示动作时,是被动语态,且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介词by引出。e.g.The book is well written.这本书写得很好。(系表结构,强调主语所处的状态)The book was written by Mo Yan.这本书是莫言写的。(被动语态,强调主语所承受的动作)e.g.Seen from the hill,the city looks magnificent.Seeing the police,he made a run for the exit.Influen
9、ced by his example,they performed countless good deeds.He sat at the table,reading a magazine.2.作状语:过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,往往表示完成;动词-ing形式与其辑主语之间是主动关系，可表示动作正在进行。二者作状语时可表示时间、原因或伴随状态等。4.表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。e.g.Left(Although he was left)at home,John didnt feel scared at all.5.表示方式或伴随，可以转换成一个并列句。e.g.The teacher
10、 entered the classroom,(and he was)followed by a group of students.3.表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。e.g.Given(=If we were given)more time,we could do it substantially better.【注意】1.过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语和句子的主语相一致。e.g.If caught,the police will punish the thief.误 If caught,the thief will be punished by the police.正 小偷如果被抓,会
11、受到警方的惩罚。2.过去分词作状语时,其前面可以带有相应的连词,如when,though,although,as if,if,unless,until,once等,表时间、让步、条件方式等。e.g.If(I am)invited,I will attend the wedding of my friend.如果受到邀请,我会参加我朋友的婚礼。语态及用法主动被动用法一般式完成式一般式完成式主语宾语表语定语状语补语动词-ingdoing having donebeing donehaving been done过去分词 done Fill in each blank with the correc
12、t form of a verb from the box.Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 The girls were _ to see such an open country.The farms covered a very large area,which is _.2 Going into the wilderness alone can be _.Do you feel _ when going into the wilderness alone?see frighten head amazeamazedamazingfrighteni
13、ngfrightened姑娘们看到如此广裘的国家甚为惊讶。这些农场面积之大令人惊讶。独自一人进入荒野令人恐惧。你一个人进入荒野感到恐惧吗？Practice3 _ from the top of the mountain,the scenery was really fascinating._ the scenery from the top of the mountain,I was fascinated by the autumn colours.4 _ eastward,you will pass the Canadian Rockies.Finally,the company_ by i
14、ts new managerstarted to make a profit.SeenSeeingHeadingheadedFill in each blank with the correct form of a verb from the box.Translate the sentences into Chinese.see frighten head amaze Practice往东，你会经过加拿大落基山脉。最终，在新经理的带领下，公司开始盈利。从山顶往下望，景色令人着迷。我在山顶看风景，被秋天绚烂的色彩深深吸引。Complete the sentences with the corr
15、ect forms of the words in the box.Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 We became _ when thinking about those beautiful locations in Finland.We expected to experience a lot of _ things there.2 We went to bed as soon as we arrived at the hotel because we were so _.The eight-hour train ride was quite
16、 _.bore excite tire satisfyexcitedexciting想到芬兰那些美丽的地方我们激动起来。我们期待在那里体验很多令人激动的事情。tiredtiring由于疲乏，我们一到宾馆就上床休息了。长达八小时的火车行程令人疲惫不堪。3 I was not _ with the hotel.It was not as clean as I had expected.But we had a _ meal at the hotels restaurant,so I felt a bit better later on.4 It was raining hard the next
17、day,so we just stayed in the hotel and watched TV.Sadly,the TV programmes that day were really _.As we had nothing else to do,we felt pretty _.satisfiedsatisfyingboredboringComplete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.Translate the sentences into Chinese.bore excite tire sat
18、isfy我对这家宾馆不满意，它的卫生状况没有达到我的预期。不过，我们在宾馆餐厅吃的那顿饭令人满意，因此后来我感觉好一些了。第二天下起了大雨，因此我们只是待在宾馆看电视。不幸的是，当天的电视节目索然无趣。我们无所事事，感觉百无聊赖。Rewrite the sentences.Add information as necessary.EXAMPLEWhen people asked the man what the trip meant to him,he said it was“an experience of a lifetime”.When asked what the trip meant
19、 to him,the man said it was“an experience of a lifetime”.1 Butchart Gardens was transformed from a quarry.It has now become a famous destination for travellers._Transformed from a quarry,Butchart Gardens has now become a famous destination for travellers.Production2 If you compare Quebec City with o
20、ther cities in Canada,it seems more like a charming European village._ _3 They did not know where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang,so they went to the Tourist Information Centre._ _Compared with other cities in Candada,Quebec City seems more like a charming European village.ProductionRewrite th
21、e sentences.Add information as necessary.Not knowing where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang,they went to the Tourist Information Centre.4 When they heard that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canadas most scenic drive,they made West Vancouver their first destination._ _Hearing that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canadas most scenic drive,they made West Vancouver their first destination.ProductionRewrite the sentences.Add information as necessary.Thank you
